氮磷钾配施对保护地番茄产量及品质的影响

利用二次通用旋转组合设计，经微机分析，建立了氮磷钾与保护地番茄产量形成及果实品质的数学模型。结果表明，氮对产量形成及果实的品质影响最大。在适宜范围内，随着施氮量的增加，产量明显增加，果实中的维生素Ｃ、还原糖及有机酸的含量增加。施氮过量则产量变低，品质变劣。磷钾肥对促进番茄产量形成具有间接作用，利于提高番茄产品品质。但过量施用磷钾肥也对果实品质不利。     

花生氮磷钾肥料效应函数模型的研究

本试验是采用最优设计进行的N、P、K三因素肥料试验,试验结果获得了三个因素与产量间相互关系的函数模型。本文分析了三个因素的产量效应及其交互作用,分别计算出最高产量、最大施肥利润以及不同产量水平最低成本的施肥量及其配比,为合理施肥提供依据。     

氮钾互作对番茄叶片碳氮代谢及产量和品质的影响

在温室基质栽培条件下，以番茄材料A20为试材，采用2因素5水平响应面中心复合设计，研究不同的氮钾营养组合处理对番茄单株产量、果实品质及叶片碳氮代谢产物和酶活性的影响。结果表明，随着氮营养的增加（74～414 mg · L^-1范围内），番茄叶片碳氮代谢产物和酶活性均呈先上升后下降趋势；随着钾营养的增加（101～525 mg · L^-1 范围内），番茄叶片糖含量和蔗糖磷酸合成酶（SPS）、酸性转化酶（AI）、中性转化酶（NI）活性呈增加趋势，而氮代谢产物和蔗糖合成酶（SS）、硝酸还原酶（NR）、谷氨酰胺合成酶（GS）、谷氨酸合成酶（GOGAT）活性呈先上升后下降趋势。通过建立各指标与氮钾二因子的二次回归方程发现，氮钾营养是影响番茄叶片氮代谢和碳代谢的主要因子，氮钾互作对叶片游离氨基酸含量和谷氨酰胺合成酶活性影响显著。相关性分析显示番茄产量、品质与叶片碳氮代谢之间具有较高的相关性，氮钾共同作用于番茄叶片的碳氮代谢过程，进而影响番茄产量和品质。综合分析试验结果，当营养液氮营养为300～350 mg · L^-1、钾营养为370～520 mg · L^-1 时，番茄叶片碳氮代谢旺盛，产量和品质达到较高水平。     

Studies on Nitrogen Economy and Productivity of Wheat as Affected by Rainy Season Legumes under Irrigated Conditions

A field experiment was conducted during July 1986–April 1988 at New Delhi, to evaluate the relative contribution of rainy-season legumes towards the growth and productivity of succeeding wheat ( Triticum aestivum [L.] emend. Fiori & Paol), find out economic optimum dose of nitrogen for succeeding wheat and screen a legume which can be best knitted in wheat based cropping system.
HD 2329 wheat performed better when grown after legumes than when grown after Local fodder sorghum ( Sorghum bicolor [L.] Moench). N economy in wheat was greater (65–78 kg/ha) after Sona clusterbean ( Cyamopsis tetragonoloba [L.] Taubert) and T-9 blackgram ( Phaseolus mungo L.) over sorghum. The economic optimum dose of N for wheat following pigeonpea ( Cajanus cajan [L.] Millsp.), soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merr.), groundnut ( Aracbis bypogaea L.), blackgram ( Phaseolus mungo L.) and clusterbean were 110.1, 103.6, 113.7, 109.6 and 92.3 kg/ha respectively.     

家畜精子超弱化学发光的研究

利用液体闪烁计数仪测定绵羊精子的超弱化学发光,以研究它的机理和畜牧中的应用价值。结果表明,精子的发光与活力、呼吸、果糖分解、~(32)Pi摄入量和磷酸肌酸呈正相关(r=0.9806,P<0.01;0.9684,p<0.01;0.9882,p<0.01;0.9793,p<0.01;0.9962,p<0.01)说明了精子的发光与代谢存在有内在的联系,反映了精子的能量转化过程和精子细胞物理化学反应的信息,是评定精子质量很有价值的一个指标。     

阿荣旗旱作丘陵区春玉米配方施肥的研究

春玉米是内蒙古自治区呼伦贝尔盟岭南旱作丘陵区的重要粮食作物。施肥不足,氮、磷配比不合理是该地区玉米低产的重要影响因素。1987～1989年在该地区的中部阿荣旗25个试验点上进行了测土配方施肥的研究,经统计分析,提出了不同土壤肥力条件下氮,磷效应函数;并根据碱解氮、速效磷的土测值确定最佳施肥量的推荐,为岭南旱作丘陵区春玉米丰产栽培提供了施肥依据。     

Effect of tri-o-cresyl phosphate and methamidophos on Ca uptake by brain synaptosomes in hens

The effect of tri-o-cresyl phosphate (TOCP) and methamidophos (MET) on potassium-stimulated ⁴⁵Ca uptake by brain synaptosomes in hens was studied. An in vivo test showed that TOCP increased potassium-stimulated calcium uptake 2 h after its administration, but that verapamil suppressed the enhancement of this calcium uptake. An in vitro test showed that lower concentrations of TOCP stimulated calcium uptake by synaptosomes, but that higher concentrations inhibited the uptake. In contrast, all tested concentrations of MET obviously inhibited calcium uptake; however, since calcium uptake was decreased by the administration of verapamil plus either TOCP or MET, the mechanism by which TOCP affects the voltage-operated calcium channel may be different from that of MET. The disruption of calcium homeostasis may be involved in organophosphate-induced delayed neurotoxicity (OPIDN). Calcium channel blocker may ameliorate OPIDN by maintaining calcium homeostasis in nerve cells.     

Nitrogen and Carbofuran Effects on the Growth and Yield Performance of Mungbean (Vigna radiata [L.] Wilczek)

Studies were carried out both in the semi-controlled environment and in the field to evaluate the influence of nitrogen and carbofuran in the growth, dry matter partitioning and yield of mungbean. Both nitrogen and carbofuran increased leaf area, leaf N content, NAR, dry matter, most of the yield attributes, and grain yield. Dry matter accumulation during the reproductive phase was significantly influenced by nitrogen and carbofuran, and method of N application. Plants treated with nitrogen fertilizer and carbofuran produced higher amount of dry matter after flowering; but gave low harvest index values compared to control. The results suggest that mungbean yield can be substantially increased through efficient dry matter partitioning employing agronomic manipulations.     

Kresse (Lepidium sativum L.) als Bioindikator zur Beurteilung der pflanzenphysiologischen Verträglichkeit von Flüssigmist

Uptake and distribution of nitrogen in old and new German summer wheats
Five old German summer wheat varieties, bred in the first third of this century, were compared with five new varieties in an outdoor pot trial. The modern genotypes had taken up slightly more N, both at anthesis and at maturity. At anthesis, N percentage in all organs was considerably higher for modern cultivars. This resulted mainly from a dilution effect caused by superior dry masses of old varieties. Modern genotypes accumulated more N in the upper leaves and ears. As compared with the old varieties, less N was found in the stems of the new cultivars. At maturity, N concentration in vegetative organs was simular for both groups of varieties. N percentage of grains was higher for old cultivars. However, the new genotypes achieved higher N yields. This resulted in part from the slightly higher assimilation of N. Moreover, new genotypes were superior in N translocation which was reflected by higher nitrogen harvest indexes. The postfloral loss of N from the vegetative tissue depended on the organ and the age of the varieties.     

杏鲍菇对不同碳源和氮源的利用

采用液体液层培养方法，研究了杏鲍菇对碳，氮营养的利用情况，结果表明，杏鲍菇Pe9701菌株丝生长的最适碳源为果糖，其次为麦芽糖而对甘露醇的利用最差；有机氮比无机氮更适于杏鲍菇菌丝生长，最适有机氮为蛋白胨，最适无机氮为硝酸铵，硫酸铵次之，碳酸铵几乎不能被利用，此外，各处理培养液的pH均呈上升趋势，发酵终止pH在7.0左右。