Obtaining and characterizing Pleurotus ostreatus strains for commercial cultivation under warm environmental conditions

Pleurotus ostreatus strains obtained by interbreeding were cultivated under warm conditions (27 °C), with the aim to identify germoplasm adequate to commercial production. Based on the radial growth rate of monokaryotic mycelia isolated from two P. ostreatus strains, a culture isolate was selected from each type of compatibility, and interbred to obtain 16 strains. Pasteurized barley straw was used as the substrate for mushroom production. The mean biological efficiency of the strains was 84.17% and the production rate was 1.76%. In vitro laccase activity was tested for both parental strains and the four most productive strains of progeny. The mean enzyme activity of the strains was 1.21 μg mol/disc/ABTS oxidized. These results show the high potential of these strains for their use in substrate delignification and the production of basidiocarps under natural environmental conditions of warm regions.     

Physiological considerations for efficient mycelial colonization of Philippine strains ofVolvariella volvacea

The nutritional and physical requirements for the efficient mycelial colonization ofVolvariella volvacea (Bull. ex. Fr.). Singer were elucidated with the percentage mycelial colonization and density as references. This investigation was limited to the evaluation of two commercial strains (designated Vvc1 and Vvc2) and two wild strains (designated EAAC-0001 and EAAC-0002) ofV. volvacea from the Philippines with the aim of providing baseline data on their physiological requirements. The four strains ofV. volvacea had varying preferences for carbon. Vve1 preferred polysaccharides (starch and cellulose), whereas Vvc2 grew luxuriantly at a relatively rapid rate in sugar alcohol (sorbitol). The two wild strains preferred starch as a carbon source. In terms of nitrogen utilization, soytone, peptone, and glycine supported efficient mycelial colonization of the four strains. The vitamin utilization test revealed that ascorbic acid, calcium pantothenate, and biotin are good sources. The mycelial growth performances of the strains were also evaluated on six dehydrated mycological media. Efficient colonization of Vvc1, Vvc2, and EAAC-0002 with dense mycelial growth was noted in mycological agar. EAAC-0001, on the other hand, grew more efficiently in malt extract agar. The Philippine strains ofV. volvacea grew luxuriantly when incubated at 35°C and pH 8.0 under dark and sealed conditions. Moreover, the relatively higher moisture content (70%) of the oolong tea leaf formulation favorably stimulated efficient mycelial colonization. Under optimum physiological conditions, Vvc1, Vvc2, and EAAC-0002 were fast-growing strains, whereas EAAC-0001 was a moderately growing type.     

壳聚糖对石榴果汁澄清效果的影响

利用壳聚糖的絮凝作用对壳聚糖在甜石榴汁澄清中的应用效果进行了研究,试验结果表明,壳聚糖用量为0.3g/L、澄清时间为60min、温度为35℃时,甜石榴汁透光率可达85%以上,且通过对壳聚糖处理前后可溶性固形物、总酸、VC等营养成分含量的比较,确定以上工艺参数为甜石榴汁澄清的最佳选择。     

红枣汁对小鼠高血脂症的影响

研究了红枣汁对正常小鼠及高脂饲料致高血脂症小鼠血脂水平的影响,结果表明红枣汁对后者的高血脂症有显著的改善作用,可降低高血脂症小鼠的血清总胆固醇、血清甘油三酯、血清低密度脂蛋白,对于预防动脉粥样硬化有一定作用。     

果汁软糖的研究

以琼脂、淀粉糖浆、白砂糖为主要原料,加入适量的果汁,经多次选择性实验,制得具有较高营养价值,适口性好,工艺简单的果汁软糖。     

芦笋复合香槟酵母生长发育条件的研究

以芦笋复合汁为原料,利用果酒酵母２．１８５、２．３７４和香槟酵母２．２８为发酵菌种,采用瓶中二次发酵的方法探索出芦笋复合香槟的最适发酵条件。结果显示,菌种２．１８５、２．３７４、２．２８生长发育的最佳温度分别为２５℃、２５℃、２７℃,最适ｐＨ值分别为５．５、６．０和４．０;菌种在ＳＯ２浓度１５０ｍｇ／ｋｇ以下时能较好地生长。     

云芝的悬浮培养及其浑浊汁的研制

考虑到云芝的特性及食用性,提出了从云芝培养到加工成浑浊汁的新方法。云芳的生产采用悬浮培养法,较春栽培法生产周期大大缩短。制成的浑浊汁成品质量稳定,酸爽柔和,营养丰富,具有云芝独特的风味和药理保健作用。     

苹果汁后浑浊因素的研究

研究了鲜榨果汁后浑浊因素的临界值,最终确定的质量浓度临界值为：蛋白质558mg·L(-1),铁60mg·L(-1),淀粉2.5mg·L(-1),单宁酸180mg·L(-1)。实验中采用模拟货架寿命的方法,得到了在40℃下保存6周可以达到室温下保存1a的效果。     

巴楚蘑菇研究Ⅰ.营养成分

研究了生产于新疆南部巴楚县的珍稀名贵野生食用菌巴楚蘑菇的蛋白质,氨基酸,脂肪与脂肪酸及矿质元素含量与组成。结果表明（１）巴楚蘑菇中的蛋白质含量高于平菇,香菇及黑木耳,略低于新疆所产美味食和菌粗槽羊肝菌;氨基酸总量、人体必需氨基酸含量及其占氨基酸总量的比率均与百肝菌相似;     

水提与醇提对竹子中愈创木酚含量的影响

〔摘要〕目的优选竹子中有效成分愈创术酚的最佳提取溶媒〔方法将新鲜竹子砍成小段,再粉碎成粗粉,加水 或}o%乙醇回流提取,提取液采用高效液相法测定愈创术酚含量、色谱条件为:流动相0.50IcH,PO、的水溶液一乙睛 (78:22);固定相为C,、柱;流速1.0 mLJmin;柱温20 0C ;检测波长220 nm〔结果醇提法愈创术酚含量略高于水提法, 但无明显差异、结论水提法可以代替醇提法、