The rumen ciliates of greater kudu Tragelaphus strepsiceros (Pallas) from South Africa and Zimbabwe with a description of one new species

Eighteen species of the family Ophryoscoiecidae, representing three genera, and three species of the family Isotrichidae representing two genera, were found in the rumina of kudu from the Republic of South Africa and Zimbabwe. One new ophryoscolecid Entodinium carinatum is described. Certain aspects of the taxonomy of Diplodinium archon, Entodinium longinucleatum and Entodinium dilobum are discussed     

林业生态工程监理存在的问题与对策

依据我国现行建设法规和林业政策及造林技术规范与标准,结合甘肃省林业生态工程监理的现状,阐述了目前在林业生态工程建设监理中存在的问题以及采取的对策。     

教育全球化背景下,从中美学校图书馆看两国教育差异

从教育全球化背景出发,着眼于中美学校图书馆在发展现状、馆员职业准入资格、馆员素质之间存在的重大差异,对中美两国在教育理念之间的差异入手,对图书馆的产生、发展和教育之间的关系进行深入分析,进一步讨论在全球化背景和信息时代中小学图书馆如何配合我国的素质教育发展进行改革。     

如何科学有效地安装调试机电设备探析

针对机电安装问题展开讨论，归纳了机电设备安装常见技术及相关管理问题；对技术改善提出相关意见陈述；强调了通电调试的重要性以引起重视；最后验收。     

基于神经网络模型的青岛市城区土壤重金属污染源定位

建立基于遗传算法的BP神经网络系统,该模型可以有效描绘区域中重金属元素的分布情况,并由此通过各元素浓度极大值点求出污染源近似坐标,实现对污染源的定位.将该模型运用于青岛市,根据青岛市不同功能区的土壤重金属含量调查结果,实现了对可能重金属元素污染源位置的预测.     

Extrinsic and intrinsic factors influence daily activity of a Mediterranean cyprinid

Factors shaping individual behavior remain poorly understood for European cyprinids. We examined the effects of extrinsic (temperature and year) and intrinsic factors (body size and shoal size) on the daily activity of chub Squalius torgalensis, a critically endangered cyprinid found in the Torgal stream, Portugal. We quantified chub behaviors while snorkeling, using instantaneous sampling of focal individuals, in spring 2009 and 2010. We used Principal Component Analysis to describe individual behavior and assessed competing models relating individual behavior to explanatory variables using Akaike's Information Criterion. Year had a strong influence on chub behavior, with individuals spending more time drift foraging and orienting in 2009, whereas in 2010 they spent more time benthic foraging and cruising. Shoal size did not influence behaviors in 2009, but in 2010 individuals in small shoals foraged benthically and searched with greater frequency than those in large shoals. Individuals increased cruising and decreased searching as they grew in length, but the opposite trend was observed as temperature increased. Our results indicate that both extrinsic and intrinsic factors influence daily activity of chub, with individual behaviors varying between years, and depending upon shoal size, body size and temperature. This suggests that chub display high levels of individual behavioral flexibility, which may be important for fish inhabiting harsh and highly variable Mediterranean streams. Conservation efforts for this species will benefit by integrating behavioral information into management strategies.     

吉林省食品安全信用体系存在的问题与对策

目前,吉林省食品安全事故频发的重要原因就是食品生产经营企业信用的严重缺乏,为此,本文分析了吉林省食品生产企业存在的问题及产生问题的原因,并提出了加快食品安全信用体系建设的对策。     

Detection efficiency and habitat use to inform inventory and monitoring efforts: juvenile coho salmon in the Knik River basin,Alaska

Imperfect detection associated with sampling gear presents challenges for wildlife inventory and monitoring efforts. We examined occupancy dynamics and habitat use of juvenile coho salmon, Oncorhynchus kisutch, in shallow lake environments over a summer and early fall season in the Knik River area of south central Alaska using models which control for and estimate sampling gear detection efficiency. In addition, we present statements for the probability that observed absences at a survey site or from a survey area (a collection of sites) are true absences given some amount of sampling effort and analysts' beliefs about site occupancy and sampling gear detection efficiency which can be used to guide inventory and monitoring efforts for juvenile salmon or other wildlife and plant species. Occupancy modelling results demonstrate that minnow traps were effective at sampling juvenile coho in shallow lake environments, with a mean probability of detection across the study period of 0.68 (i.e., probability of detecting the presence of juvenile coho given that they are present at a trap site; SE = 0.03). Juvenile coho salmon migrated into shallow water lakes in late summer and early fall, presumably to seek out overwinter habitat. N‐mixture modelling examination of habitat use demonstrated that once in shallow lake environments, juvenile coho were widely distributed across a range of microhabitats, with some evidence for preference for shallower depths and warmer water temperatures.     

银纹夜蛾人工饲养技术研究

本文在研究了各种环境因子对银纹夜蛾实验种群影响的基础上，进一步研究了食量，低温保种及饲养管理技术，设计了一种便于收集卵的新型产卵笼，并总结了人工饲养银纹夜蛾的技术要点。