Oral administration of L-citrulline changes the concentrations of plasma hormones and biochemical profile in heat-exposed broilers

We examined the effects of oral administration of L-citrulline (L-Cit) on plasma metabolic hormones and biochemical profile in broilers. Food intake, water intake, and body temperature were also analyzed. After dual oral administration (20 mmol/head/administration) of L-Cit, broilers were exposed to a high ambient temperature (HT; 30 ± 1°C) chamber for 120 min. Oral administration of L-Cit reduced (p < .001) rectal temperature in broilers. Food intake was increased (p < .05) by heat stress, but it was reduced (p < .05) by L-Cit. Plasma levels of 3,5,3′-triiodothyronine, which initially increased (p < .0001) due to heat stress, were reduced (p < .01) by oral administration of L-Cit. Plasma insulin levels were increased by heat exposure (p < .01) and oral L-Cit (p < .05). Heat stress caused a decline (p < .05) in plasma thyroxine. Plasma lactic acid (p < .05) and non-esterified fatty acids (p < .01) were increased in L-Cit-treated heat-exposed broilers. In conclusion, our results suggest that oral L-Cit can modulate plasma concentrations of major metabolic hormones and reduces food intake in broilers.     

规模化羊场冬季羊舍外围护内表面温度的分布规律

旨在研究河北省规模化羊场冬季羊舍外围护内表面温度的分布规律.选择规模化羊场的6栋羊舍,采用定点定时的检测方法,分别于早、午、晚对各舍外围护内表面(屋顶2个坡、墙4个侧面和地面料道两侧)温度及舍内温湿度进行检测.结果表明,外围护结构内表面温度与舍内环境温度呈显著的线性正相关关系(P＜0.01,r=0.94),回归方程为y...     

复合微生物菌剂在猪粪无害化处理中的应用

为了研究微生物菌剂对粪便恶臭组分及微生物菌群的影响,选取猪粪和玉米秸秆作为堆肥原料进行28 d的堆肥试验.试验分为5组,A、B和C组分别用玉米秸秆调节堆体水分为40％、50％和60％,D和E组不加玉米秸秆,A、B、C和D组分别接种微生物菌剂,E组不添加菌剂.结果 显示,B组堆体的高温持续时间最长,粪便腐熟效果最好.与E...     

酸奶及乳饮料中大肠杆菌变化趋势研究

[目的]为了探讨实际生产过程中酸奶和乳饮料感染大肠杆菌（E.coli）后的变化情况及影响因素。[方法]将大肠杆菌标准菌株接种至酸奶、乳饮料及培养基中,设置不同的储藏温度、pH,定期测定储藏过程中大肠杆菌含量变化情况。[结果]随着储藏时间延长,不同储藏温度（4℃和25℃）,不同pH(4.2和3.6)的酸奶和乳饮料中大肠杆菌含量均减少,相对于储藏于4℃的产品,储藏于25℃的产品中菌含量降低更快;当产品pH为3.6时,菌含量减少速率高于pH为4.2的产品。将大肠杆菌置于不同pH的培养基中培养,结果表明,当pH<3.8时,大肠杆菌的活性将会受到抑制,证明了pH对大肠杆菌的影响。[结论]本研究为实际生产加工过程中产品冷藏及脱冷条件下大肠杆菌的检验检测和产品质量控制提供理论依据和理论指导。     

不同培养条件对捕食性真菌Duddingtonia flagrans生长的影响

为了研究不同生长条件对捕食线虫性真菌Duddingtoniaflagrans生长的影响,本研究将带有D.flagrans菌丝的琼脂块分别接种于不同碳氮比及不同pH值(4.0~8.5)的CMA固体培养基中,在不同温度下(10℃~45℃)进行培养,每天定时观察菌株的发育情况,并测量菌丝生长长度。结果表明,D.flagrans生长最适pH值范围为6.5~7.0,其中以pH 7.0中生长最快;最适温度为35℃;最适碳氮比范围为5∶1~10∶1,其中在碳氮比为5∶1时,生长率最高。菌丝呈辐射状生长,纵横交错,无色,分隔,生长后期有缠绕圈和厚壁孢子的形成。上述结果为进一步研究D.flagrans的生长特性及捕食作用条件奠定了基础。     

温控条件下高温胁迫对紫花苜蓿地上部分生长的影响

本研究的目的在于探讨高温对紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa)产量和形态的影响。试验采用盆栽方法,选取6个紫花苜蓿品种,将其种植在2个生长培养箱内,2个培养箱温度(白天/黑暗)分别设置为25/20℃和35/30℃,测定其产量、株高、叶部特征及叶片叶绿素含量。结果表明,高温胁迫使紫花苜蓿生长受到抑制,植株矮小,产量降低54%;单叶片叶面积缩小至常温的1/4,但叶片厚度增加了54%。综合上述结果可以看出,高温是生产中紫花苜蓿夏季减产的一个重要原因,紫花苜蓿对高温非常敏感,但会通过一系列形态上的变化来适应高温的胁迫。     

高温条件下湿度对肉仔鸡耗料量,耗水量及生产性能的影响

本研究分２个试验,研究了高温条件下不同湿度对肉仔鸡耗鸡料量、耗水量及生产性能的影响。试验１用４－５周龄肉鸡２１６只,温度控制为３２℃;试验２用６－７周龄肉仔鸡１８０只,温度控制为３０℃。试验１和２均设３０％、６０％、９０％三个湿度组,每组设６个重复,试验期均为２周。结果表明,在高温条件下９０％相对温度组鸡单位体重耗水量同于３０％相对湿度组;随着鸡周龄从４－５周龄增至６－７周龄,高温地本重耗料量、单     

人工模拟高温环境下白三叶草相对生理指标测定

研究了高温胁迫条件下白三叶叶片相对含水量、膜透性、脯氨酸含量和叶绿素含量的变化规律。结果表明:25~35℃处理0.5 h后,白三叶的膜透性、脯氨酸含量逐渐上升,相对含水量、叶绿素含量逐渐下降,但幅度不大;45℃以上高温处理后,以上生理指标均有显著性大幅度的变化。与CK比较,温度每升高5℃,白三叶细胞质膜透性、脯氨酸含量平均增加50.62%、59.89%,而相对含水量、叶绿素含量分别下降34.22%、4.61%。在实验条件下,白三叶能适应35℃的高温,40~45℃为其忍耐高温的临界温度范围,50℃为致死温度上限。     

温湿度对亚洲小车蝗飞行能力及主要能源物质利用的影响

本研究采用昆虫飞行数据微机采集系统(飞行磨)吊飞方法,测定了温、湿度对10日龄亚洲小车蝗(Oedaleus asiaticus)雌雄成虫的飞行能力及主要能源物质利用的影响。结果表明,在环境温度为28℃、相对湿度(RH)为60%时,10日龄亚洲小车蝗成虫表现出最优的飞行能力,单个个体的最大飞行时间、最大飞行距离和最大飞行速度分别可达1.62h、9.87 km和2.03 km·h~(-1)。在温度16℃以下或28℃以上,其飞行能力明显降低。在40%~80%RH时,成虫均能进行正常的飞行活动。环境温、湿度会显著影响亚洲小车蝗成虫飞行能源物质的消耗情况(P0.05)。在最适的温、湿度条件下,小车蝗飞行所需的能源物质(甘油三酯)最少,其飞行单位距离消耗的甘油三酯也最低,能源利用效率最高。较高或较低的温、湿度条件,能源物质的消耗都显著高于最适条件。飞行能源物质利用效率的不同是导致其在不同温、湿度下飞行能力产生差异的主要原因之一。     

Assessment of Vein Diameter and Body Surface Temperature after High-Intensity Laser Therapy (HILT) on the Tarsal Joint in Healthy Horses

The aim of the study was to assess the influence of high-intensity laser therapy (HILT) on vein diameter and on body surface temperature changes in the tarsal joint area in a group of clinically healthy racehorses. The hypothesis of the study was that HILT increases vein diameter and body surface temperature in healthy tissue. The study involved 16 Thoroughbreds being subjected to ultrasonographic examination to assess changes of diameter of the cranial branch of the medial saphenous vein and thermographic examination to indicate temperature change of the dorsal surface of the tarsal joint, just before and immediately after HILT treatment. Vein diameter and mean surface temperature of the tarsal joint significantly increased after HILT treatment. In addition, the study was the first to describe the photothermal effect of HILT in healthy horses. More studies are necessary to specify the parameters of the procedure, that is, wavelength, energy density, or time of the procedure, depending on the patient’s individual characteristics and type of tissue.