酵母葡聚糖对金葡菌灭活苗免疫新西兰兔效果的影响

为了研究酵母葡聚糖对金黄色葡萄球菌油乳剂灭活苗免疫新西兰兔效果的影响,将其添加到金黄色葡萄球菌油乳剂灭活苗中,配制成低(5 g/L)、中(10 g/L)、高(15 g/L)3个剂量的酵母葡聚糖金黄色葡萄球菌油乳剂灭活苗,同时用不添加酵母葡聚糖的金黄色葡萄球菌油乳剂灭活苗和生理盐水作为对照,分别给每只新西兰兔皮下注射1 mL,在注射后第7、14、21、31、41和51天,分别采血检测新西兰兔淋巴细胞转化率和抗体水平。结果表明,中剂量(10 g/L)的酵母葡聚糖金黄色葡萄球菌油乳剂灭活苗能明显提高新西兰兔的淋巴细胞转换率和血清抗体水平。说明灭活苗中添加适量的酵母葡聚糖能提高疫苗的免疫效力,增强新西兰兔的免疫功能。     

Identification of two dominant linear epitopes on the GP3 protein of highly pathogenic porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (HP-PRRSV)

Glycosylated protein 3 (GP3) of PRRSV is variable between different PRRSV strains, so it is helpful for subtype classifying by using distinct epitopes. In this study, two dominant linear GP3 epitopes that were recognized by highly dilute serum in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were identified. Sequence alignments of 36 North American (NA) PRRSV isolates revealed that the epitope H⁸⁷DELGFMV⁹⁴ is well conserved, whereas the epitope T⁵⁹RQAAAEILE⁶⁸ differs in other low-virulence NA-type strains, which have at least one amino acid mutation in this region. A mutational analysis revealed that none of these mutations could be recognized by the purified antibodies directed against the corresponding epitope, indicating that the genetic variations altered the antigenicity of the antigenic region. Using ELISA, we also found that antibodies directed against the two epitopes were present in more than 45 of 50 HP-PRRS-positive pig sera, suggesting that their antigenicity is excellent in vivo.     

湟源地区猪瘟疫苗免疫效果监测与分析

采用猪瘟正向间接血凝试剂盒对2013年湟源地区部分规模化养猪场和农村散养户的739份血清样品进行了猪瘟抗体监测与分析。结果显示,猪瘟免疫总合格率为79.30%,其中规模化养猪场免疫合格率为81.56%,离散度为23.88%,散养户免疫合格率为76.27%,离散度为34.54%。湟源地区规模养殖场的免疫效果好于散养户。     

猪传染性胃肠炎免疫胶体金诊断试剂条的研制

采用柠檬酸钠还原法制备胶体金颗粒,用TGEV单克隆抗体标记,并包被在玻璃纤维膜上.另外将纯化的TGEV单克隆抗体和羊抗小鼠抗体包被在硝酸纤维膜上,组装成TGEV快速检测条,对其灵敏性、特异性、稳定性及保存期检测.结果表明,研制的TGEV快速检测条检出TGEV最低量为150 μg/mL,只能检测出TGEV,而与猪瘟病毒培养液、猪繁殖障碍与呼吸综合症（PRRS）、鸡减蛋综合症（EDS-76）病毒、鸽新城疫（PPMV-1-PL）病毒、大肠杆菌及沙门氏菌无交叉反应;研制的三批试验条性能稳定,保存期试验证实该条在常温下可保存1年.试验证实所研制的试剂条具有灵敏特异稳定无交叉反应,可用于生产实际.     

仔猪散发亚临床猪瘟及其抗体效价分析

黑龙江某养猪户仔猪零星发病死亡,经PCR诊断为亚临床猪瘟。采集了60头母猪血,采用间接ELISA试剂盒检测60头母猪猪瘟免疫抗体水平。结果表明,该户母猪猪瘟免疫抗体水平较低,免疫抗体合格率仅为3.3%。因此,母猪免疫失败是导致仔猪散发猪瘟的主要原因。     

鸡贫血因子病的免疫病理学变化

 用鸡贫血病毒（CAV）感染1日龄健康AA雏鸡，以未感染同龄雏鸡为对照，在感染后7、14、21、28、35、42和49d检测其免疫器官与体重比值，胸腺、脾脏T细胞白细胞介素2（IL-2）和干扰素（IFN）诱生活性，胸腺、法氏囊、脾脏T、B细胞增殖反应，胸腺、法氏囊、脾脏、盲肠扁桃体及哈德尔腺中α-萘酚酯酶阳性[ANAE#+（+）]T细胞、IgG、IgM、IgA抗体生成细胞数量，外周血液中T、B细胞数量，血清、泪液、气管液、肠液、胆汁中IgG、IgM、IgA含量的动态变化。揭示了感染鸡细胞因子IL-2、IFN的免疫调节发生障碍、中枢与外周免疫器官的细胞免疫和体液免疫功能呈现抑制，呼吸道与消化道的局部免疫防御功能降低。     

检测传染性支气管炎抗体NP-ELISA方法的建立

【研究目的】建立可在临床上检测鸡传染性支气管炎抗体的检测IBV抗体的间接ELISA方法;【方法】以表达的重组IBVNP蛋白为包被抗原,将之包被于聚苯乙烯酶标板上,以封闭液进行封闭,然后加待检血清在37℃作用1h,洗涤后加酶标兔抗鸡IgG抗体,在37℃作用1h,加底物显色,终止反应后测定OD值;【结果】抗原包被浓度为1.45μg/ml,待检血清最佳稀释度为1:40,酶标二抗最佳工作浓度为1:1000,确定阳性判定标准为OD450≥0.314。NP-ELISA与AIVH9、H5、H7、IBD、ND、EDS76的标准阳性血清不发生交叉反应,具有良好的特异性;【结论】NP-ELISA具有特异性强、灵敏度高、重复性好、方便快速的特点,可用于临床IB抗体的检测。     

苜蓿多糖对猪瘟兔化弱毒疫苗免疫应答强化作用的研究

用苜蓿多糖作为猪瘟兔化弱毒疫苗的强化剂 ,对 6 0日龄体重 1 8～ 2 0kg的仔猪进行免疫试验。结果表明 ,苜蓿多糖可使猪外周血液的B淋巴细胞增多 ,IgG水平提高 ,可显著增强猪瘟疫苗的免疫效果。     

干扰素对新城疫灭活苗抗体滴度的影响

[目的]探讨干扰素对新城疫(ND)灭活苗抗体滴度的影响。[方法]将20只20日龄雏鸡随机分成A、B、C和D(CK)组,每组5只。分别皮下注射新城疫灭活疫苗0.5 ml/羽,同时给雏鸡注射高(4单位)、中(2单位)和低(1单位)剂量的干扰素,对照组不加,检测雏鸡新城疫病毒抗体滴度。[结果]结果表明,免疫7d后,高、中和低剂量组抗体水平一致,并开始上升,3组剂量组之间无明显差异;14 d后中剂量组水平稍高,与其他3组均差异显著,呈现一定的剂量差异;21 d后3组都升高,但中剂量组抗体水平最高,对照组与其他3组均有显著差异;在免疫28 d后4个组的抗体水平均下降,但中剂量组抗体水平仍最高。[结论]干扰素可提高新城疫抗体滴度,以中剂量添加效果最好。     

Protection, immune response and side-effects in European whitefish (Coregonus lavaretus L.) vaccinated against vibriosis and furunculosis

As indicated by market demand and cultivation prospects, the whitefish (Coregonus lavaretus L.) has the potential to become an important alternative to rainbow trout in fish farming in Finland. The fish processing industry has called for a fish species having non-pigmented flesh, and there is a long tradition of whitefish farming for stocking purposes in Finland. However, cultivation in net cages in the brackish water of the coastal area exposes fish to vibriosis (Listonella (Vibrio) anguillarum) and furunculosis (Aeromonas salmonicida salmonicida). Hence, profitable whitefish farming requires the efficient control of both of these diseases. The efficacy of vaccination (Apoject 1800®) was studied in the laboratory using challenge tests and by monitoring specific antibody production (ELISA) and the blood leucocyte pattern. The fish (22 g) were vaccinated at 15°C and the immunity developed during 8 weeks prior to challenge with vibriosis (1.8×10⁵ cfu) and 12 weeks prior to challenge with furunculosis (4.9×10² cfu). The challenge was performed by i.p. injection. Side-effects around the injection site were studied 16 weeks post-vaccination. The immune system of the whitefish responded well and vaccination gave good protection against vibriosis and furunculosis. The RPS was 100% following the Vibrio challenge and 99% following the Aeromonas challenge. The antibody levels continued increasing in the vaccinated group throughout the study period. Lymphocyte and neutrophil counts were elevated in vaccinated compared to non-vaccinated fish at 8 weeks post-vaccination, but not after 16 weeks. Vaccination produced weak adhesions around the injection site in 42% and minor pigmentation in 9% of the 65 fish examined.