不同气调包装对池沼公鱼保鲜品质的影响

[目的]研究不同气调包装的新鲜池沼公鱼在冷藏下的保鲜品质.[方法]通过对池沼公鱼的感官性状、液汁损失率、挥发性盐基氮（TVB-N）、硫代巴比妥酸值（TBA）和pH等指标的检测来比较不同气调包装方式对池沼公鱼在冷藏期间（0±1）℃保鲜品质的影响.[结果]试验表明,气调包装可通过抑制产品中细菌的增加,防止腐败变质,从而有效延长产品的货架期.[结论]研究可为延长冷藏池沼公鱼货架期的气调保鲜工艺提供参考依据.     

基于DRASTIC模型的地下水脆弱性评价方法评述

首先分析了基于DRASTIC模型的地下水脆弱性评价方法,然后探讨了该模型的局限性和缺陷,并评述了改进模型的应用效果,最后对基于DRASTIC模型评价方法的应用前景进行了分析,提出了关于选用和应用该模型需要重点关注的问题和评价成果需实现成果价值最大化。     

甘蓝型低芥酸油菜单株产量基因效应的研究

用5×5半双列杂交研究甘蓝型低芥酸油菜单株产量的遗传,结果表明:供试的甘蓝型低芥酸油菜品系中,单株产量的遗传符合加性显性模型,显性性质为超显性,平均显性度为1.404。显性基因约为隐性基因的3倍多,并且多数增效基因表现显性,但也有显性的减效基因存在。单株产量的广义遗传力h_B~2=71.4％,狭义遗传力h_N~2=33.18％。供试亲本显性效应的强弱依次为81007>81006>81018>81004>81033,增效基因的多少依次为81018>81006>81007>81004>81033。一般配合力的大小依次为81018>81006>81004>81033>81007。     

天然染料大黄对纳米TiO2改性丝素膜染色的研究

以溶胶-凝胶法制备纳米TiO2改性丝素复合膜,用原子力显微镜(AFM)观察,发现纳米TiO2均匀地分散在丝素中,粒子之间有明显的连续相,没有出现明显的相分离现象,其粒径约为80 nm。改性后的丝素膜,其上染率和色牢度均比纯丝素膜大大提高。     

改性炉渣处理低浓度含磷废水试验研究

[目的]探讨改性炉渣处理低浓度含磷废水的最佳工艺条件.[方法]利用盐酸改性的炉渣处理低浓度含磷废水,分析溶液pH、改性炉渣投加量、反应时间、温度等因素对除磷效果的影响,并对改性锅炉炉渣的除磷机理进行了初步探讨.[结果]当溶液pH为8,改性炉渣的投加量为2.0g,反应时间为60 min,温度为35℃时,磷的去除率最高,达96.59％.[结论]该研究为低浓度含磷废水的处理提供了理论参考.     

松木屑代料栽培黑木耳初探

采用试管培养法进行松木屑拟菌效果的研究。结果表明,松木屑经自然堆积8个月后,最多可在培养料中添加60%,不明显影响产量满袋时间为58 d,袋单产量42g;碱处理法菌丝生长较好,出耳快,产量与自然堆积法相近。     

纤维素废料与造纸黑液木质素制人造木材之探讨

介绍了现有人造木材的种类，阐述了用竹刨花、竹（木）屑等竹（木）加工剩余物或农作物秸秆与造纸黑液中提取的木质素开发人造木材的重大意义，简要介绍了该人造木材的制造原理和方法以及产品的用途，并分析了人造木材的市场前景及其产业化的可行性。     

A surgical approach to the lateral compartment of the equine guttural pouch in the standing horse: modification of the forgotten "Garm technique"

The objective of this study was to evaluate the feasibility, efficacy and complications following lavage and drainage of the lateral compartment (LC) of the equine guttural pouch (GP) using a modified Garm's technique (MGT). In an ex vivo study (study 1), six cadaver heads were examined to assess the anatomical limits of the surgical approach and whether vital structures might be damaged. This was followed by an in vivo study (study 2) in which a lavage/drainage tube was placed for 3 days into each LC of four standing horses using the MGT. In both studies, the procedure offered direct access into the LC and indirect access into the medial compartments of the GP. In study 1, the MGT provided a rostroventral point of access allowing drainage of the LC, with no obvious iatrogenic damage. In study 2, the MGT permitted lavage of the entire GP in three healthy horses and one horse with mild GP empyema. The only major complication was development of emphysema of the lateral wall of one LC, with secondary collapse of the mucous membrane. The time for secondary wound healing was 12-14 days. The MGT can be performed safely in standing horses and may be of value in providing access for lavage and drainage in horses with mild GP empyema.     

苹果低氧气调新组合贮后效应的利用研究

利用0.12mm聚乙烯薄膜大帐进行低氧气调新组合的较大规模应用试验,对2394kg玫瑰红苹果进行低氧处理,帐内O2浓度可下调至约2%,CO2浓度可自动维持在5%～8%的较理想状态,处理结束后很易转为MA自发气调。低氧处理后再MA贮藏的苹果,虎皮病果率低、症状轻,腐烂果少,果柄和果皮新鲜,叶绿素保持效果好,果肉硬度明显高于小包装气调和冷藏对照。说明利用塑膜大帐进行前期低氧新组合处理与后期自发气调、实现低氧气调新组合贮后效应的利用是可行的。     

Preharvest and postharvest factors related to off-odours of fresh-cut iceberg lettuce

The influence of different preharvest and postharvest factors affecting off-odour development of fresh-cut iceberg lettuce in low-O₂ modified atmospheres (MA) was investigated. Fresh-cut iceberg lettuce developed undesirable off-odours under low O₂ and elevated CO₂ atmospheres. A strong relationship between CO₂ concentration and off-odour development was observed. Significant differences in off-odour development existed among different cultivars in two harvests in consecutive years. The influence of maturity stage was evaluated, comparing fresh-cut product from immature and over-mature heads with commercial ones. Higher CO₂ concentrations and higher accumulation of ethanol and acetaldehyde were detected in the headspace of MA-packed lettuce from immature heads. Differences in respiration rate of the fresh-cut product from heads cultivated during the winter–spring seasons were around 30%. Respiration rate of fresh-cut iceberg lettuce increased when medium temperature during cultivation increased. Changes in the product weight generated different CO₂ levels which correlated with the production of ethanol and acetaldehyde and other off-odour metabolites related with the lipoxygenase (LOX) pathway such as hexanal, 1-hexanol, and cis-3-hexen-1-ol. Volatile compounds such as cis-3-hexen-1-ol, β-elemene, ethyl acetate and dimethyl sulphide increased their content more than 10 times compared with other volatiles. Moreover, differences in the initial flushed gas-mixture with or without CO₂ showed higher CO₂ concentrations and the development of stronger off-odours when samples were flushed with an enriched CO₂ gas-mixture. In summary, visual quality of fresh-cut iceberg lettuce is important but so are odour and flavour. MAP currently used for fresh-cut lettuce may need some modification to inhibit off-odours and achieve better aroma and flavour qualities for preserving “freshness” of the cut product. Screening for cultivars with low browning potential and fermentation, harvested at optimum maturity stage and with an adequate package design are recommended.