用免疫荧光、酶标技术检测赭曲霉毒素A的研究

该项研究采用本课题组提纯的赭曲霉毒素A(Ochratoxin A·简称OA)和研制的兔抗OA抗体等,进行间接荧光法和ELISA间接法检测OA的试验。通过对不同浓度的OA纯品和含毒饲料浸提液及中毒死亡鸡内脏的间接荧光染色,均能检出分布均匀、大小有别的黄绿色荧光亮点;用OA为被检抗原和兔抗OA抗体与羊抗兔IgG-HRP进行ELISA间接法试验,对含不同浓度OA的试验孔和对照孔的检测,结果均正确稳定。研究结果证明,以上两种检测方法检测OA均具有灵敏、特异、快速等优点。     

实验性急性猪丹毒抗原定位和病理学研究

用猪丹毒强毒株人工接种试验猪,采取其心、肺、肾、肝等器官制成样品,光镜和电镜观察结果,靶器官为心、肾、脑、脾、淋巴结,猪丹毒杆菌定位在器官的微血管。     

Identification of a potentially important antigen of pasteurella haemolytica

To identify antigens which may be important for stimulating immunity to pneumonic pasteurellosis, a bovine antiserum to whole P. haemolytica was used to screen a recombinant lambda gt11/P. haemolytica expression library. One of the recombinant bacteriophage clones identified with the bovine antiserum, SW20C, expressed a fusion protein which was also recognized by rabbit antiserum to partially purified P. haemolytica culture supernatant and was found to be immunogenic in guinea pigs. The guinea pig antibody recognized a 100 kDa protein in P. haemolytica cell lysates. Sequence analysis of the cloned DNA from SW20C identified a fragment of 1443 bp with a small open reading frame that was contiguous with the lacZ sequence. The 153 bp P. haemolytica-specific open reading frame encoded a polypeptide of approximately 6kDa. Homology searches of Genbank and the EMBL data bases revealed no homology of this open reading frame with any other bacterial sequences including P. haemolytica leukotoxin and Ssa1. Evaluation of sera from calves that were scored either susceptible or resistant to experimental pneumonic pasteurellosis demonstrated a significant (P < 0.001) correlation between the intensity of the antibody response to the SW20C antigen and resistance to disease.     

两株杀虫真菌对陕西榆林草原蝗虫的防治效果

本研究对两株杀虫真菌金龟子绿僵菌QL-107和球孢白僵菌GYS-13对东亚飞蝗的毒力进行了测定,并利用其对榆林草原蝗虫进行了田间防治试验.通过室内生测发现球孢白僵菌GYS-13和金龟子绿僵菌QL-107对东亚飞蝗均具有较强的毒力,田间防治试验证明,两株杀虫真菌在山地草原对蝗虫综合防治效果达到75％以上,特别是球孢白僵菌...     

绿僵菌高致病性菌株的筛选

用分离来自不同昆虫的绿僵菌,和同一菌株不同单孢子的分离体试验,对菜青虫致死率有明显差异。以“3305—6”菌株的致死率最高。致死率与培养基含氮量有关,以察氏培养基上的培养体致病力较高。     

Biological control of the Western flower thripsFrankliniella occidentalis in cucumber using the entomopathogenic fungusMetarhizium anisopliae

Biological control of the western flower thrips (WFT)Frankliniella occidentalis, using the entomopathogenicMetarhizium anisopliae-7 (M. a-7) strain was studied in three consecutive seasons under greenhouse conditions. Cucumber plants infested with WFT were sprayed with spore suspension of the fungusM. a-7 (0.5 g m^-2), or the soil was treated with dry powder of the fungus (0.5 g m^-2); the control was without fungus application. In the 1997 spring experiment, when the cucumber plants were initially infested with only three or four insects per leaf, the spore suspension spray caused a significant reduction in growth of the thrips population compared with the other treatments and the control. However, in the 1997 summer experiment, when the plants were initially heavily infested with WFT (10–15 insects per leaf), the spray treatment caused only a modest reduction in WFT population growth, and only after 4 weeks of treatment was the reduction significant. In the 1999 experiment, with a low initial WFT population of three or four insects per leaf, the spray treatment was effective in reducing the population growth to a lower level than in the other treatments or control. TheM. a-7 strain was found to be effective in reducing the population growth of WFT under greenhouse conditions, particularly when the initial thrips population was low to moderate. http://www.phytoparasitica.org posting Nov. 4, 2001.     

杀虫真菌与苏云金芽胞杆菌对草地贪夜蛾的联合室内杀虫活性研究

草地贪夜蛾Spodoptera frugiperda（J.E.Smith）是一种迁飞性重大害虫。为了弄清不同微生物联合使用对草地贪夜蛾的生防潜力,在室内条件下采用直接喷雾方法,测定了金龟子绿僵菌Metarhizium anisopliae CQMa421、球孢白僵菌Beauveria bassiana ZJU435和苏云金芽胞杆菌（Baci1lus thuringiensis,Bt）G033A两两之间对草地贪夜蛾幼虫的室内联合杀虫活性。结果表明：金龟子绿僵菌CQMa421与球孢白僵菌ZJU435悬浮液联合接种10 d后,1～3龄草地贪夜蛾幼虫校正死亡率分别为65.6%、58.8%和35.4%,都显著高于CQMa421和ZJU435单剂处理组。CQMa421与Bt联合接种5 d后,2龄草地贪夜蛾幼虫校正死亡率为82.6%,显著高于CQMa421（21.1%）和Bt（65.5%）单剂处理;ZJU435与Bt联合接种5 d后,2龄和4龄草地贪夜蛾幼虫校正死亡率为80.4%和68.6%,显著高于Bt和ZJU435单剂处理组。上述试验结果表明：不同杀虫真菌联合使用、杀虫真菌与Bt联合使用能有效提高对草地贪夜蛾幼虫的杀虫活性,为田间利用不同微生物农药有效防控草地贪夜蛾提供了依据。     

绿僵菌治蝗研究进展

介绍了目前对防治多种蝗虫效果较好的虫生真菌--绿僵菌的种类、株系,以及绿僵菌对蝗虫的致病机理、 对环境的安全性等,并讨论了国内外应用绿僵菌防治蝗虫的田间试验效果、剂型研制、产业化和推广应用前景。     

不同菌株绿僵菌和白僵菌对刚竹毒蛾幼虫致病力及林间防治试验

刚竹毒蛾(Pantana phyllostachysae Chao)是福建省毛竹林的一种主要害虫,本研究应用5种金龟子绿僵菌(Metarhizium anisopliae)菌株和1种白僵菌(Beauveria bassiana)菌株,对3龄初幼虫进行感染力测定,旨在筛选出感染该虫的高致病力菌株。结果表明:应用1.45×10 7孢子/mL孢悬液感染12 d后,3龄初幼虫的校正死亡率均达到63.16%以上;其中MaFzzL-01和Ma1291-2两个绿僵菌株对该幼虫的致病力分别为90.93%和84.21%,其LT50值分别为5.97 d和6.67 d,LC50值分别为1.727×10 4孢子/mL和2.029×10 4孢子/mL。结果说明:绿僵菌MaFzzL-01和Ma1291-2两个菌株对该幼虫的致病力强,且致死速度快。应用1.45×10 8孢子/mL孢悬液进行林间防治可以取得良好效果。     

江苏常州地区禽白血病血清学调查研究

为了解江苏常州地区肉鸡禽白血病病毒(ALV)感染情况,本研究采集了该地区2019年7-12月、2020年1-4月肉鸡血清样本1257份,通过ELISA试剂盒检测ALV-A/B、ALV-J、抗原p27阳性率。结果显示：在接受调查的两个地区均存在ALV感染及混合感染,且ALV-A/B感染率(13.13%)均高于ALV-J(5.01%);不同月份阳性率存在一定差异,ALV-A/B、ALV-J均为春夏季阳性率较高,秋冬季逐渐下降趋势;抗体阳性样本中有54.39%的p27抗原阳性率。本次调查为江苏常州地区商品肉鸡ALV净化及防控提供一定的参考依据。