城市土地集约利用评价及障碍因子诊断——基于生态健康与低碳发展视角

[目的]揭示京津冀地区城市土地集约利用状况,为生态健康与低碳发展视域下的城市土地集约利用提供理论基础。[方法]相对熵组合赋权法、多因素综合评价法、协调度测算法和障碍因子诊断法。[结果](1)京津冀地区城市土地集约利用水平呈现出以京津为核心的“十字形”扩散态势。(2)系统协调度与土地集约利用水平之间显著相关,但不同城市间存在相对差异。(3)高度集约区的北京市和天津市,主要障碍因子集中在与生态健康和低碳环保有关的指标上;中度集约区的秦皇岛市和唐山市,主要障碍因子集中在与土地利用程度和布局相关的指标上,石家庄、邯郸和保定地区则集中在与生态健康相关的指标上;低度集约区的沧州、廊坊和邢台地区的主要障碍因子集中在与生态环境和低碳投入相关的指标上,承德和衡水地区集中在与经济发展和土地投入相关的指标上;粗放利用区的张家口,主要障碍因子集中在与经济发展和生态保护相关的指标上。[结论]将生态健康与低碳发展理念纳入城市土地集约利用研究中,可以较为科学全面地刻画出城市土地集约利用状况,为今后城市土地的科学利用提供决策支持。     

火龙果的营养保健功能与加工利用

介绍了火龙果的养营成分、保健功能,以及其制品的加工工艺。     

莴笋的营养保健价值及其加工开发

阐述了莴笋的起源及其营养保健价值,着重介绍莴笋酱菜、莴笋腌菜、莴苣薹干、莴苣饮料,以及贮藏保鲜及提取工艺等的加工开发,为更好开发利用我国特有的蔬菜资源起到抛砖引玉的作用。     

何首乌的功能成分与保健功效

何首乌含有二苯乙烯苷、蒽醌和磷脂等多种有效成分。阐述了何首乌的功能成分和保健功效,并指出今后的研究方向,以促进何首乌保健食品和药品的健康快速发展。     

浅谈疲劳与保健

近年来,越来越多的人因为对更高的物质生活追求而承受着巨大的工作压力,从而忽视了健康.大多数人都处于亚健康的状态.从日常生活出发,分析了健康对人类的重要性,以期有助于处于亚健康的人群.     

浅谈疲劳与保健

近年来,越来越多的人因为对更高的物质生活追求而承受着巨大的工作压力,从而忽视了健康。大多数人都处于亚健康的状态。从日常生活出发,分析了健康对人类的重要性,以期有助于处于亚健康的人群。     

影响池养鳜健康的关键水生态因子

池塘生态系统是一个动态、多因素、非典型的复杂系统,用单因素统计法难以研究池塘养殖中的生态问题.在16口鳜养殖塘进行试验(总面积为4.7 hm2),每两周采样一次,获取鳜健康指标和pH、铵氮、硝酸盐氮、二氧化碳、总碱度、镁和细菌总数等17项水生态因子的87组监测数据,并对数据进行数理统计,研究探讨用权重因子、偏回归平方和、F检验值和相关系数等统计量优化进入鳜健康模型的因子.在满足一定准确度条件下,优选出用pH、铵氮、硝酸盐氮、二氧化碳、总碱度、镁浓度和细菌总数等7项因子为自变量,利用回归技术,求出它们与鳜健康指标(y)的关系模型为的非线性模型,模型的预报准确率为92.4%.借助所得模型进一步推导出对鳜健康指标影响由大到小的因子是细菌总数、二氧化碳、pH、铵氮,他们的最佳取值范围依次为(13～27)×104 cfu·L-1、小于3 mL·L-1、7.5～8.0、0.5 mL·L-1.     

Miang茶(一种泰国发酵型茶)及其饮食

Miang茶是泰国北部地区居民一类传统日常食用的腌茶,是一种将茶树鲜叶通过腌制发酵的方法制得的食品.文章回顾了该茶的历史,论述了该茶的采摘与加工工艺,简述了亚洲相关国家如中国、日本、老挝、缅甸等地的腌茶,论述了Miang茶在泰国北部悠久的历史和重要的经济价值.探讨了这种天然的发酵类茶的化学成分和微生物种类及相关菌群对人体健康的益处.最后论述了该茶所面临的挑战,以期为Miang茶的进一步深入研究提供指导.     

Do forest and health professionals presume that forests offer health benefits,and is cross-sectional cooperation conceivable?

In high-income countries depression and cardiovascular diseases were predicted to be the two leading causes of DALYs in the year 2030. Private-life stress fosters both kinds of diseases. Scientific findings already show that forest exposure has stress-reducing effects. Particularly in Japan, people have practiced forest bathing to improve their health. The German population also has a strong connection to its forests, and forest law allows forest access, regardless of ownership structure. Hence, the question arises of whether forest exposure could be used in Germany as a kind of stress-coping strategy. To a certain degree, the success of such a strategy in Germany would require the participation of the stakeholders that are active in both the health and the forestry sectors. Therefore, it seems necessary to gain insight into German forest and health professionals' understanding and attitude concerning forest-related health benefits. For this reason, in this pilot study, guideline interviews with professionals of both sectors and with professionals standing in between these professions were conducted, recorded and transcribed. On the one hand, each professional’s presumptions regarding the health-fostering effects of forests were investigated, derived from their subjective certainty that forest exposure has health-fostering effects. In addition, a thought experiment was used to estimate the level of willingness to cooperate with each other in order to motivate people to be physically active in forests. For analysis, Mayring’s qualitative content analysis and a frequency analysis (MaxQDA) were applied. Findings show that most of the interviewed professionals presume forests to have health-fostering effects. Furthermore, something derived from the statements within the context of the thought experiment was that most professionals seem to be willing to cooperate with the other sector. Hence, it might be conceivable that forest exposure may be part of a German stress-coping strategy.     

案例式教学在《兽医公共卫生学》课程中的探索与实践

《兽医公共卫生学》是动物医学专业的核心课程之一。为了提高教学质量,提升学生的学习兴趣,适应新型兽医人才培养要求。以《兽医公共卫生学》课程为例,对云南农业大学2届学生进行案例教学的实践与探索。结果表明,案例教学能显著地提高期末卷面成绩,学生对案例教学满意度较高,案例式教学能激发学生学习兴趣、增强学生现场认知感,提高学生综合能力,有利于提升《兽医公共卫生学》教学效果,为课程案例库建设提供依据。