二嗪农在猪组织中的残留消除规律

选用27头约35日龄的健康仔猪,用250mg/L^-1二嗪农药浴2min。按药浴前(0)及药浴后0．5,1．0,2．0,4．0,7．0,14．0,21．0,27．0d捕杀,采集血液、肌肉、肝脏、肾脏和脂肪,研究二嗪农的组织残留消除规律。结果表明：二嗪农在血浆浓度低、消除快,而在各组织浓度高、消除缓慢。肝脏可以作为二嗪农残留检测的代表性组织器官,肌肉为必须检测组织,脂肪和肾脏为参考检测组织。     

沙棘保健浴液的研制

以沙棘萃取液为特色原料,选择优质基料、添加剂,经正交实验设计,制成了沙棘保健浴液.该浴液具有良好的营养、保健和洁肤功效,是一种新型的洁肤护肤品.     

Effects of Buzhong Yiqi decoction-medicated serum on drug resistance of human lung adenocarcinoma cell line A549/DDP to cisplatin

AIM:To investigate the effects of Buzhong Yiqi decoction-medicated serum on the drug resistance of human lung adenocarcinoma cell line A549/DDP to cisplatin. METHODS:Medicated serum containing Buzhong Yiqi decoction was prepared. The optimal dose of the medicated serum was selected by MTT assay. The A549 cells and A549/DDP cells were treated with the optimal medicated serum and cisplatin at different concentrations. The IC 50, resistance index and reversal index were determined. The cells were divided into control serum group, optimal medicated serum group, LY294002 group, LY294002 + optimal medicated serum group (combination group) and negative group. The expression of PI3K and Akt at mRNA and protein levels was detected by the methods of immunocytochemistry, Western blotting and real-time PCR. RESULTS:Treatment with 10% middle dose of medicated serum for 48 h was the optimal dose and time for medicated serum. The sensitivity of A549/DDP cells to cisplatin was obviously enhanced when the cells were exposed to the optimal medicated serum with the reversal index of 2.46. The expression of PI3K and Akt at mRNA and protein levels in optimal medicated serum group and combination group was significantly decreased. CONCLUSION:Buzhong Yiqi decoction decreases the resistance index by reducing the expression of PI3K in A549/DDP cells, thus increasing the sensitivity of A549/DDP cells to cisplatin.     

AN ANALYSIS OF STIRRING ENERGY OF BOTTOM BLOWN O_2 AND CH, IN THE COMBINED-BLOWN CONVERTER

A calculation formula of stirring energy in liquid steel is set up for bottom-blown O2 and CH,| in the combined blown converter, and the main factors which have an effect on stirring energy and the variation law of stirring energy in steel-making process are discussed.     

响应面法优化水浴提取太白贝母粗多糖工艺

对太白贝母(Fritillaries taipaiensis)粗多糖提取工艺进行研究,采用水浴提取太白贝母粗多糖,在单因素试验基础上以提取时间、提取温度、料液比为试验因素,采用3因素3水平响应面分析方法进行试验。结果表明,3个因素对太白贝母粗多糖提取率的影响从大到小顺序为提取时间、提取温度、料液比,通过典型性分析得出最优工艺条件为提取温度84.2℃,提取时间为1.6 h,料液比为1∶16.3(g∶m L),得到的粗多糖提取率为1.267%。响应面法对太白贝母粗多糖提取条件的优化是可行的,可用于实际预测。     

Immersion challenge with low and highly virulent infectious salmon anaemia virus reveals different pathogenesis in Atlantic salmon,Salmo salar L.

The salmonid orthomyxovirus infectious salmon anaemia virus (ISAV) causes disease of varying severity in farmed Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L. Field observations suggest that host factors, the environment and differences between ISAV strains attribute to the large variation in disease progression. Variation in host mortality and dissemination of ISAV isolates with high and low virulence (based on a previously published injection challenge) were investigated using immersion challenge. Virus dissemination was determined using real‐time PCR and immunohistochemistry in several organs, including blood. Surprisingly, the low virulent virus (LVI) replicated and produced nucleoprotein at earlier time points post‐infection compared to the virus of high virulence (HVI). This was particularly noticeable in the gills as indicated by different viral load profiles. However, the HVI reached a higher maximum viral load in all tested organs and full blood. This was associated with a higher mortality of 100% as compared to 20% in the LVI group by day 23 post‐infection. Immersion challenge represented a more natural infection method and suggested that specific entry routes into the fish may be of key importance between ISAV strains. The results suggest that a difference in virulence is important for variations in virus dissemination and pathogenesis (disease development).     

Immune responses and gut morphology in Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis) fed dietary probiotic supplementation and following exposure to Photobacterium damselae subsp. piscicida

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of a dietary multi‐species probiotic on growth, gut morphology and immune parameters in Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis). Fish were fed with two experimental diets, a control diet and the same diet supplemented with the probiotic for 72 days. A sub‐lethal bath challenge with Photobacterium damselae subsp. piscicida was performed after the growth trial. Intestine and blood samples were collected to study gut structure and plasmatic immune parameters. No significant differences were found in growth performance. The analysis of gut morphology showed a significant increase in intestinal villi height of Senegalese sole fed the probiotic. Regarding circulating leucocytes, dietary probiotic supplementation increased thrombocytes levels whereas a decrease in the proportion of lymphocytes was observed. No significant differences were observed in humoural immune parameters. Bath challenge differentially affected leucocyte counts and increased peroxidase activity. This study presents the possibility of using dietary probiotic supplementation to increase Senegalese sole welfare since gut morphology was positively affected. Although the immune response after a bacterial challenge was not modulated by dietary treatment, further studies would be instrumental to unravel eventual dietary benefits on immune mechanisms.