Numerical Simulation of Fluid Flow in Converter Combined Blown Bath

The fluid flow mathematic models in converter combined blown are set up.It is simulated for flow state and velocity distribution of gas and stir action in different behaviours of bottom blown,top blown and combined blown by software PHOENICS(Parabolic Hyperbolic or Elliptic Numerical Integration Codes Series).In normal operation condition of ejection guns,the fluid flow in bath is axisymmetric three-dimensions flow.The results reveal out dynamic main area and slowness cyclone zones,also asked dead zone abating or erasing in practice.These shows that bottom blown gun ought to 0.5~0.7 circumference diameter of fused bath using top-bottom combined blown process.     

有机-无机复混肥中有机质测定方法的比较研究

采用稀释热法、沸水浴法和油浴法分别测定有机-无机复混肥的有机质含量,并比较了3种方法的精度与准确度。结果表明:沸水浴法和油浴法测定复混肥有机质的相对标准偏差(RSD)和回收率均符合实验要求,值得推广应用;而稀释热法的相对标准偏差(RSD)随着复混肥有机质含量的增加呈上升趋势,为0.55%~6.24%,且单个样品回收率有时超出100%±5%范围。与沸水浴法和油浴法相比,稀释热法的稳定性和准确性相对较差。同时,本研究以灼烧法为参照方法得出稀释热法、沸水浴法、油浴法测定有机-无机复混肥有机质含量的氧化校正系数分别为1.63、1.49、1.24,高于用此3种方法测定土壤有机质含量时的氧化校正系数。     

茶枝柑皮提取物血清药物化学的初步研究

[目的]对茶枝柑皮提取物进行血清药物化学研究。[方法]采用HPLC方法测定分析茶枝柑皮提取物给药后的含药血清,鉴定茶枝柑皮提取物灌胃后大鼠血中移行成分。[结果]在茶枝柑皮提取物含药血清中发现了17个入血成分,其中5个为原型成分,其余几个可能为代谢产物。[结论]入血原型成分主要为多甲氧基黄酮川陈皮素和桔皮素等成分,深入研究其血清药物化学的表征,将有助于探索茶枝柑皮提取物的功效物质基础,探明其中的功能因子。     

微波辅助处理提取啤酒花多酚工艺的研究

对微波辅助处理水浴回流提取啤酒花多酚的工艺条件进行了研究,在单因素试验的基础上,采用正交设计进行参数优化筛选.结果表明:正交试验确定的影响酒花多酚提取率的主次因素顺序为料液比＞微波时间＞乙醇体积分数＞水浴温度＞微波功率＞水浴时间;最佳提取条件为微波功率为213 W,微波时间为3.5 min,乙醇体积分数为63％,料液比...     

Differences of behavior, use of resources and physical conditions between dominant and subordinate hens in furnished cages

The objective of the present study was to search for differences in the behavior, use of resources and the physical condition between dominant and subordinate birds in furnished cages. In total, 60 commercial White Leghorn layers were used. At the age of 54 weeks, these birds were divided into two groups. Each group consisted of six cages with four birds per cage and six cages with six birds per cage. The dominance hierarchy was measured, to identify the highest dominant bird and the lowest subordinate bird in the hierarchy of each furnished cage. Behavioral observations using scanning techniques at 10 min intervals were conducted on the birds at 57 and 67 weeks of age for 3 days, respectively. Their physical condition (bodyweight and claw length) was also measured. Dominant birds used the dust bath more (P < 0.1) and nest box less (P < 0.01) than subordinate birds did. The use of the nest box decreased for subordinate birds from 57 to 67 weeks of age (P < 0.05). The dominant birds performed aggression and exploring more frequently than the subordinate birds (P < 0.001 and P < 0.05, respectively). In the comfort behaviors, the dominant birds performed dust‐bathing, as well as the using the dust bath, more than subordinate birds did (P < 0.1). In their exploring behavior, including scratching and litter pecking, dominant birds performed both behaviors more frequently, as well as using the dust bath and dust‐bathing in it, than subordinate birds did (P < 0.1 and P < 0.05, respectively). Aggression decreased for dominant birds from 57 to 67 weeks of age. In contrast, eating (P < 0.1) as well as drinking (P < 0.1) and other comfort behaviors (P < 0.1) increased for subordinate birds from 57 to 67 weeks of age. There was no significant difference between dominant and subordinate birds in their physical conditions. In conclusion, dominant birds had priority to use the dust box compared with the subordinate birds in the furnished cages. Conversely, the subordinate birds stayed in the nest box more than the dominant birds did. In the furnished cages, equipping the nest box was important not only for the birds to perform nesting behavior, but also for the subordinate birds to use the facility as a refuge especially just after introduction to the cage.     

Treatment of vibriosis in European sea bass larvae, Dicentrarchus labrax L., with oxolinic acid administered by bath or through medicated nauplii of Artemia franciscana (Kellogg): efficacy and residual kinetics

European sea bass larvae were challenged by bath with Listonella anguillarum strain 332A, 2.5×10(7) CFUmL(-1) for 1h. Fish either received no treatment or oral treatment with Artemia franciscana (Kellog) nauplii enriched with oxolinic acid, or bath treatments with oxolinic acid. Medication commenced 1day following challenge and was performed on days 1, 3 and 5 post-challenge at a dosage of 20mgL(-1) for 2h for bath treatments, while two doses each of 750 nauplii per fish were administered daily for five consecutive days in oral treatments. Cumulative mortality reached 96% for the unmedicated challenged group, 32% in the group receiving bath treatments and 17% in the group receiving medicated nauplii. Pharmacokinetic parameters of oxolinic acid were calculated in sea bass larvae, for both treatments. Steady-state concentrations of oxolinic acid of 48.0 and 75.2μgg(-1) were achieved for bath treatment and oral treatment, respectively, while the elimination half-life was calculated to be 25.1h for bath treatment and 21.7h for oral treatment.     

点穴疗法及中药足浴护理改善脑卒中后失眠的临床观察

目的 探讨点穴疗法及中药足浴护理对脑卒中后失眠的改善情况。方法 将80例脑卒中后失眠患者随机分为观察组和对照组,每组40例。对照组给予病房常规护理,观察组在常规护理的基础上,加用中医点穴疗法、中药足浴进行干预,于出院前评价两组患者的睡眠改善情况。结果 两组干预后失眠情况的比较,入睡时间、觉醒次数、总睡眠时间差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 点穴疗法及足浴护理可以有效改善脑卒中后失眠患者的睡眠情况。     

Effect of ozone bath on pathological changes and expression of cytokines in rats with deep second-degree burns

AIM: To investigate the effect of ozone bath on the pathological changes and the expression of cytokines, platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), transforming growth factor-β₃ (TGF-β₃), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), in the wounds of deep second-degree burns in rats. METHODS: Male clean-grade SD rats (n=80) were randomly divided into 2 groups, ozone bath group and routine dressing group (control group), with 40 rats in each group. Deep second-degree burn wound was established on the back of the rats, and then the examinations were conducted at 3 d, 7 d, 14 d and 21 d after burn. For the routine dressing group, the wound was cleaned by normal saline and covered with iodophor vaseline gauze every 2 d. For the ozone bath group, before the dressing, the rats were put into the clean foam box to accept ozone fumigation for 20 min (50 mg/L), and then accepted dressing change as the same as that in control group every 2 d. At each time point, the tissue specimens from these rat wounds (at wound center) were taken. The rats in ozone bath group received cleaning by saline cotton and then the ozone bath fumigation, while the rats in control group only received cleaning by saline. After that, the tissue specimens were taken again for HE staining, immunohistochemical staining and semiquantitative observation combined with image data analysis. The concentrations of the cytokines PDGF, TGF-β₃ and TNF-α in the wound were measured by double-antibody sandwich ELISA. RESULTS: In ozone bath group, the wounds were smooth with clear edge and slight inflammatory reaction, swelling and exudation were weaker, and the wound healing rate was higher than that in control group with significant difference. Under microscopic observation with HE staining, slighter inflammatory reaction in ozone bath group was observed than that in control group at each time point, and the numbers of fresh capillaries, fibroblasts and epithelial cells were significantly larger than those in control group. The expression levels of PDGF and TGF-β₃ in the wound tissue homogenate in ozone bath group were higher, and the expression level of TNF-α was significantly lower than those in control group at each time point with significant difference. CONCLUSION: The ozone bath therapy improves the local pathological changes and promotes the expression of cytokines PDGF and TGF-β₃, which are associated with wound healing, as well as reduces the expression of inflammatory mediator TNF-α in the rats with deep second-degree burns, thus promoting the wound healing and anti-inflammatory responses.     

Growth performance of bath sponge (Spongia officinalis Linnaeus, 1759) farmed on suspended ropes in the Dardanelles (Turkey)

Commercial bath sponge population in the Mediterranean has been recently reduced due to diseases and the depletion of natural banks. The commercial supply is far below the demand on the last 10–15 years. In this study, we aimed to investigate the farming performance of Spongia officinalis in the Dardanelles. Sponges collected from the Dardanelles cut into pieces of different weight. They were divided into two groups depending on the wet weight ranging from 50 to 150 g (mean weight 102.6 ± 4.81 g) and from 160 to 360 g (mean weight 235.8 ± 8.56 g). Three rope systems located parallel to each other with 6–7 m inter‐distance were constructed for the cultivation of sponges. At the end of the study, while small‐sized sponges could reach mean wet weight of 120.7 ± 14.8 g, large‐sized sponges reached mean wet weight of 247.6 ± 22.4 g. Growth rates were estimated 5–17% at 21st month. The survival rates were found 82% and 88%.