阳泉地区油松食叶害虫松阿扁叶蜂的研究

为了明确在山西阳泉地区庄头和黄统岭林场油松林内逐渐暴发成灾的食叶害虫危害的具体情况,控制该害虫的危害。在该害虫发生严重的林地对其形态特征、生物学特性及危害特点进行定时、定点观察和记录;并采用3种生物制剂对其2~3龄的幼虫进行了林间防治试验。研究结果表明,在阳泉地区严重发生的油松食叶害虫种名为松阿扁叶蜂,该害虫在该地区危害与在别的地区危害在树种、树龄及生活史有差异。采用目前市场上的无公害农药防治该害虫以1.2%森得保可湿性粉剂500~1 500倍的防治效果达78.7%~83.5%;40%苦参烟碱烟剂防治效果达83.4%~84.5%;1.2%苦参烟碱乳油防效为84.8%~86.4%。     

Matrine attenuates bleomycin-induced pulmonary injury partially via modulating mononuclear phagocyte phenotype switching in mice

AIM: To investigate the influence of matrine (MA) on the phenotype switching of mouse monocytes and alveolar macrophages induced by bleomycin (BLM).METHODS: All mice were randomly divided into normal saline (NS) group, BLM group, BLM+NS group and BLM+MA group. The mice were administered with BLM at 2.5 mg/kg via oropharyngeal instillation. The mice in BLM+MA group were treated with MA (15 mg·kg^-1·d^-1) by oral gavage following BLM administration. The mice were sacrificed on days 3, 7, 14, and 21. The lungs were removed for pathological analysis. The circulating monocyte subsets and polarization state of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF)-derived alveolar macrophages were analyzed by flow cytometry.RESULTS: The results of HE and Masson trichrome staining in BLM and BLM+NS groups exhibited classical pathological stages of lung fibrosis, including acute inflammation phase and later fibrosis phase. Compared with BLM+NS group, MA treatment alleviated the inflammatory response and the degree of fibrosis induced by BLM (P<0.05). There was a rapid change of circulating Ly6C^hi monocytes and its magnitude was positively associated with the pulmonary inflammatory response. An expansion of M2-like alveolar macrophages was positively correlated with the magnitude of lung fibrosis. Moreover, MA treatment partially normalized the phenotype switching of monocytes and alveolar macrophages.CONCLUSION: Matrine treatment attenuates BLM-induced pulmonary injury partially via modulating the phenotype switching of monocytes and alveolar mocrophages.     

Effects of matrine on apoptosis and related protein expression in human medulloblastoma D341 cells

AIM: To investigate matrine-induced apoptosis of human medulloblastoma D341 cells and the expression of Bax, Bcl-2, serine/threonine kinase Akt and phosphorylated Akt (p-Akt) in vitro. METHODS: D341 cells were divided into experimental groups (added with matrine at different concentrations) and control group (under the same conditions without matrine). The proliferation of D341 cells was analyzed by CCK-8 assay. Apoptosis was detected by Annexin V-FITC/PI double staining and the expression of Bax, Bcl-2, Akt and p-Akt was detected by Western blotting. RESULTS: Matrine significantly inhibited the proliferation of D341 cells and increased the apoptosis in a dose- and time-dependent manner. The cell apoptosis was characterized by chromatin condensation with margination of chromatin to the nuclear membrane, increased when and larger cytoplasmic vacuoles, and formation of apoptotic body after treatment with matrine. The expression of Bax increased, while the expression of Bcl-2 and p-Akt decreased when the drug concentration gradually increased. CONCLUSION: Matrine induces the apoptosis of human medulloblastoma D341 cells in vitro by activation of Bax, down-regulation of Bcl-2 and reduction of p-Akt expression level in the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.     

10.5％苦参碱水剂的研制及田间药效研究

[目的]研究0.5%苦参碱水剂的配方和田间药效。[方法]在室内生测验证具有明显增效的基础上,按照水剂的制备工艺和技术指标控制试验要求,进行配方筛选试验。[结果]确定了0.5%苦参碱水剂的配方：0.5%苦参碱,4.0%KHL,0.3%山梨酸钾,水补至100%。田间药效结果显示,0.5%苦参碱水剂4.0 g/hm2喷施后1、3、10、14 d的防治效果分别达到71.08%、82.13%、81.97%和77.83%,优于对照药剂0.5%苦参碱水剂3.6 g/hm2的同期防治效果;0.5%苦参碱水剂3.5 g/hm2喷施后3、14 d的防治效果分别为72.74%和67.80%,与对照药剂百草一号3.6 g/hm2的同期防治效果相当。[结论]0.5%苦参碱水剂的各项指标均能达到质量技术标准。田间使用0.5%苦参碱水剂以3.5～4.0 g/hm2对水喷雾为宜。     

贵州栽培苦参中苦参碱的含量测定

为建立贵州栽培苦参药材中有效成分苦参碱含星的测定方法,采用HPLC法DiamonsiITM(钻石)C18色谱柱,以乙睛、3%磷酸(70:30)为流动相,流速为1.0 mL/min,柱温25℃,检测波长210 nm.结果显示方法线性关系良好,平均加样回收率98.01%,RSD=1.15%,表明该法简便快速,结果准确,可以作为控制栽培苦参药材质量的方法.     

MTT法探讨苦参碱对人肺癌细胞LTEP-a-2的抑制作用

体外培养人肺癌细胞LTEP-a-2,设计两组药物作用浓度分别为0.3、0.5、0.8、1.0、1.5、2.0、2.5、3.0、3.5mg·mL^-1和0.1、0.15、0.2、0.25、0.3、0.35、0.4、0.45、0.5mg·mL^-1,各组分别在培养24、48、72、96h后采用MTT法分析苦参碱对肺癌细胞增殖的抑制作用。结果表明,低浓度苦参碱（0.1～0.2mg·mL^-1）对肺癌细胞呈负抑制作用,当浓度达到0.25mg·mL^-1时开始表现出抑制作用,且随着苦参碱浓度的增加和作用时间的延长,抑制作用逐渐增强。在苦参碱的安全用药范围内（0.1～0.5mg·mL^-1）,其96h抑制率可达到27.39%。     

Antifungal activities of matrine and oxymatrine and their synergetic effects with chlorthalonil

Introduction There has been a tendency towards the utilization of alternatives for controlling pest and disease. Natural products including plant extracts might substitute for pesticides and contribute to the development of new agents (Addor 1995). Matrin…     

苦参碱质量分数种内变异规律

以吉林松花湖山地5个优良家系的5年生苦参为研究对象,利用高效液相色谱仪检测了苦参5个家系的苦参碱质量分数。结果表明,苦参碱质量分数在家系间差异极显著,单株间差异亦极显著。苦参碱质量分数变异来源于群体间与群体内个体间,在总变异中群体间变异为81.7%,个体间变异为18.3%。苦参碱质量分数的广义遗传力较高(H2=93.4%)。苦参碱质量分数与苦参总碱质量分数呈显著正相关(r=0.747 17);苦参碱质量分数与苦参根质量呈负相关趋势(r=-0.264 19)。由于苦参碱质量分数与根质量的负相关不显著,在苦参碱质量分数差异较大的单株之间,根质量差异不大。     

兽用苦豆子总碱注射液中槐定碱、苦参碱和槐果碱的含量测定

为提供苦豆子总碱制剂在奶牛疾病治疗方面的质量控制依据,特建立兽用苦豆子总碱注射液中槐定碱、苦参碱和槐果碱的含量测定方法。采用RP-HPLC法,色谱柱为YMC-packed ODS-A柱(150mm×4.6mm,5μm),流动相为V1(乙腈)∶V2(0.05mol/LKH2PO3)∶V3(三乙胺)=8∶92∶0.18,检测波长220nm,流速1.0mL/min。在确定的色谱条件下,兽用苦豆子总碱注射液中的槐定碱、苦参碱和槐果碱可以被很好地分离,槐定碱、苦参碱、槐果碱分别在10.0～160.0μg/mL、5.0～80.0μg/mL、5.0～80.0μg/mL浓度范围内呈良好的线性关系,r分别为0.9997、0.9992、0.9990,平均回收率分别为(n=5)99.54%、100.21%、99.99%,RSD分别为5.3%、1.9%、1.4%。结果表明,本法简便、准确,可用于兽用苦豆子总碱注射液中槐定碱、苦参碱、槐果碱的含量测定。     

植物源农药烟·参碱防治园林害虫

对城市园林害虫黄褐天幕毛虫 Malacosoma neustria testacea Motsch.槐庶尺蛾 Semiothisacinerearia Bremer et Grey.美国白蛾 Hyphantria cunea( Drury)的毒效试验结果表明 ,用 1. 2 %烟·参碱乳油 10 0 0倍液喷洒树木 ,30分钟后害虫击倒率 98% ,2 0 0 0倍液 2小时后击倒率 95% ,超低量喷雾 2天后击倒率 95% ,证实了烟·参碱的毒力效果及安全性能 ,是城市中开展无公害防治的理想药物之一。