考虑混沌成分的混凝土坝混合-混沌预测模型

混凝土坝表现出复杂的非线性动力学特性。考虑混沌成分对测值序列整体数值特征的影响,是提高混凝土坝位移监控模型拟合和预测精度的关键问题之一。在对混凝土坝监测资料混沌分析的基础上,基于混凝土坝系统演化过程中的非线性动力学特性,组合应用最大Lyapunov指数、相空间重构等数值分析手段,探讨了考虑混沌成分的混凝土坝混合-混沌预测模型构建原理与算法。该模型重点依据的是最近一次位移突变后的监测资料,考虑的是突变后形成的相对稳定的混凝土坝动力系统特性,实例证明该模型对混凝土坝位移的实时监测和预警都有重要意义。     

Three-dimensional CFD simulation of inlet structure flow in pumping station based on Eulerian solid- liquid two-phase flow model

Sediment deposition in the pumping station has a huge negative impact on unit operation.The three-dimensional CFD method has been used to simulate inlet structure flow in pumping station based on the Eulerian solid- liquid two-phase flow model. The numerical results of the preliminary scheme show that sediment deposition occurs in the forebay of pumping station because of poor flow pattern therein. In order to improve hydraulic configuration in the forebay,one modified measure reconstructs water diversion weir shape,and another measure sets a water retaining sill in the approach channel. The simulation results of the modified scheme prove that back flow in the forebay has been eliminated and the sediment deposition region has also been reduced.     

旋流泵菜籽-水两相流浓度特性实验与流场数值模拟

为探索旋流泵固液两相流内部流场及变浓度输送特性,分析了旋流泵固液两相流动基本原理及其特点。在32WB8-12型样机上完成输送清水及菜籽体积分数CV分别为6%、10%的外特性实验,得出泵流量-扬程、流量-轴功率、流量-效率和流量-临界汽蚀余量性能曲线。采用Mixture多相流模型及RNG k-ε湍流模型,对旋流泵在清水最优工况流量qv=9. 31 m~3/h下输送菜籽固液两相流流场进行了数值模拟,求解采用SIMPLE算法,得到3个轴面静压、速度矢量和固粒体积分数分布图。通过对比分析,数值模拟准确性得到了验证。综合分析了泵外特性变化与内部流场之间的定性因果关系,并提出了两相流泵优化设计改进措施。     

德援项目森林可持续经营示范区建设成效调查

为了全面掌握德援项目森林可持续经营示范区建设完成情况,评价项目实施以来取得的成效,采用实地抽样调查方法对湖北省2005年以来实施的森林可持续经营示范区建设项目进行了调查。结果表明:林分结构得到明显改善,形成了由乡土树种组成的多树种混交结构和异龄林结构的近自然森林;森林植物种类明显增多,形成比实施前多5种以上的植物;森林质量显著提高,林木平均胸径增长50%以上,平均树高增长10%以上,平均每公顷蓄积增长50%以上;森林郁闭度保持在0.8~0.9,林地土壤腐殖质层厚达到10cm左右。示范区的示范效应突显,为项目区全面开展森林可持续经营提供了技术保障和科学依据。     

高密度二氧化碳对食品中蛋白质结构及其加工特性影响研究进展

非热加工技术已广泛应用于食品加工行业,高密度二氧化碳（dense phase carbon dioxide,DPCD）加工技 术作为一种新型的非热加工技术,因其无毒无害、能耗低、对食品品质影响小等特点,成为国内外食品加工技术研 究的焦点。蛋白质作为食品的重要组成成分,直接影响食品的风味、质构及营养。本文简要介绍DPCD加工技术概 况和特点,总结关于DPCD对蛋白质结构及加工特性影响和DPCD钝酶作用的最新研究进展,展望了DPCD加工技术 的发展前景,为今后非热加工技术应用于食品加工提供重要研究思路。     

超高效液相色谱串联质谱非衍生化法测定土壤中草甘膦及其代谢物氨甲基膦酸含量

为了建立土壤中草甘膦(Glyphosate）及其主要代谢物氨甲基膦酸(AMPA)残留的定量分析方法,采用固相萃取结合液相色谱串联质谱技术,样品以磷酸钠和柠檬酸三钠混合溶液提取,经固相萃取柱净化,采用正向亲水性液相色谱柱(Hilic)梯度洗脱,通过质谱的多反应监测(MRM)负离子模式扫描进行测定,外标法定量。结果表明:草甘膦、氨甲基膦酸的线性范围为0.02~0.2 μg/mL,相关系数(R²)分别为0.9995、0.9998,检出限分别为0.5 μg/kg和0.6 μg/kg,定量限分别为1.6 μg/kg和2.0 μg/kg;3个加标水平草甘膦的回收率在79.67%~96.17%之间,AMPA回收率在77.83%~99.47%之间,RSD值分别为3.95%~7.49%、1.96%~3.89%。与传统的柱前衍生方法相比,具有前处理简单、检出限低、灵敏度高的优点,完全可以适用于土壤中草甘膦的分析。     

SPI凝胶颗粒制备及其Pickering高内相乳液特性研究

制备了大豆分离蛋白（Soy protein isolate,SPI）凝胶颗粒,并使用该颗粒制备了稳定的Pickering高内相乳液。通过粒径和ζ 电位测定、冷冻扫描电镜和光学显微镜观察以及外观分析,以流变特性为指标,对SPI凝胶颗粒和Pickering高内相乳液特性进行研究。结果表明,SPI凝胶颗粒的粒径和ζ 电位随pH值的变化而变化,当SPI凝胶颗粒pH值为4.0～5.0时,临近SPI等电点,ζ 电位的绝对值最小,此时凝胶颗粒相互聚集,不能成功制备稳定的高内相乳液。在pH值为 9.0时,大豆分离蛋白凝胶颗粒紧密结合在一起,呈凝胶网络状结构。在碱性条件下,蛋白质质量分数为1.00%、内相体积分数为78%～82%时,可以制备稳定的Pickering高内相乳液。通过增加内相体积分数,使大豆分离蛋白凝胶颗粒稳定的Pickering乳液体系分布更加均匀,不易发生聚集,形成更加致密稳定的多孔结构,且具有更强的弹性凝胶乳液特性。     

PEG/Activated Carbon Phase Change Materials of Modified Asphalt

Phase change material modified asphalt is prepared by using PEG/activated carbon composite solid-solid phase change materials for asphalt modification. Phase change materials modified asphalt with different ratios are aged and treaded alterably at high or low temperature, and then its appearance is observed. The properties of the modified asphalt, such as ductility, softening point, etc., are tested by using electronic tensile testing machine and thermal mechanical analyzer. Experiments show that when the content of PEG/activated carbon phase change material is 20%, the ductility of modified asphalt is the best; when the content of phase change material is 15% to 20%, the softening point of modified asphalt is obviously improved.     

Water/oil radial flow behavior near well bore zones in oil reservoir

The flow behavior of water and oil near well bore zones in oil reservoir is radial flow. Based on the fluid displacement experiments in radial systems, the equation describing radial flow is investigated and analytical solution about the relationship between relative permeability ratio and saturation is obtained. The analytical solution is used to treat the experiment results and the two phase flow behavior of water and oil is characterized. The results show that the analytical solution can characterize the actual flow of water and oil near well bore zone. According to the radial experiments, the saturation scope in which the relative permeability ratio and saturation is linear is smaller. The flow behavior of water and oil near well bore zones is complex and nonlinear.     

Direct Factor Analysis With Discrete X-Ray Diffraction Patterns

In this paper,we put forward a method of direct factor analysis with discrete X-ray diffraction patterns, which was supported by the experimental measurement with the mixture containing 2,3,4,5 phases respectively. The detailed discussion was also given to its principles,errors and criterion.