肺炎支原体P1蛋白羧基端基因片段的克隆及原核表达

根据GenBank公布的肺炎支原体(Mycoplasma pneumoniae,Mp)P1蛋白羧基端序列(AF290001.1),设计合成2对特异性引物,采取套式PCR方法,以肺炎支原体培养物中提取的DNA为模板,扩增肺炎支原体P1蛋白羧基端基因序列,将其克隆至pET32a表达载体,构建重组质粒pET32a/P1(3 802～4 695),转化大肠埃希菌BL21-gold,测序验证后IPTG诱导表达,经SDS-PAGE表明重组蛋白表观分子质量与预期一致,可溶性表达产物经Western blot证实重组蛋白具有免疫反应性。     

Bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) pneumonia in beef calf herds despite vaccination.

The present report describes the clinical, pathological, serological and virological findings in calves from 2 larger Danish beef herds experiencing outbreaks of pneumonia. The calves had been vaccinated with an inactivated bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) vaccine 2 months prior to the outbreak. The clinical signs comprised nasal discharge, pyrexia, cough and increased respiratory rates. A total of 28 calves died in the 2 herds. The laboratory investigations revealed that BRSV was involved and probably initiated both outbreaks. Furthermore, the serological results suggested that the vaccine induced only sparse levels of antibodies probably due to the presence of maternally derived antibodies at the time of vaccination. Necropsy findings in 5 calves revealed changes typical for infectious pneumonia with involvement of BRSV. In conclusion, vaccination of calves against BRSV in 2 Danish beef herds failed to protect the calves against severe or even fatal BRSV mediated respiratory disease 2 months later.     

IMAGING DIAGNOSIS—SPONTANEOUS PNEUMOMEDIASTINUM SECONDARY TO PRIMARY PULMONARY PATHOLOGY IN A DALMATIAN DOG

A 1.5‐year‐old, 23 kg intact male Dalmatian dog was evaluated for acute respiratory insufficiency without a previous history of trauma or toxic exposition. Imaging revealed pneumomediastinum, pneumothorax, diffuse unstructured interstitial pulmonary pattern, pulmonary interstitial emphysema, and pneumoretroperitoneum. Histopathological evaluation of the lungs revealed perivascular and peribronchial emphysema, mild lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia with atypical proliferation of type II pneumocytes in bronchioles and alveoli. A lung disease resembling fibrosing interstitial pneumonia in man and cats has been previously reported in Dalmatians and should be included as a differential diagnosis for Dalmatians with this combination of clinical and imaging characteristics.     

Experimental studies of chronic pneumonia of sheep

Strains of Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae and Pasteurella haemolytica isolated from sheep affected with chronic pneumonia were inoculated by endobronchial route to conventionally-reared and SPF (Specific Pathogen-Free) lambs. Changes resembling those of the naturally-occurring disease were produced in most lambs given the organisms in combination and in some given M. ovipneumoniae alone. Similar but less extensive changes were seen in SPF lambs and fewer animals were affected. Different strains of M. ovipneumoniae did not affect the extent of changes produced in SPF lambs. M. ovipneumoniae became established in the lungs of both types of sheep; P. haemolytica did so less readily.

It was concluded that chronic pneumonia may be reproduced in conventional animals by combined inoculation of M. ovipneumoniae and P. haemolytica. Age and status of immunity to mycoplasmas may account for the different responses of conventional and SPF lambs.     

新冠肺炎防控形势下湖北奶业生存现状及其对策

“封城”是抗击新冠肺炎疫情的重要举措,但也对奶业发展影响明显,主要表现在乳品市场紧缩、乳品加工和流通不能正常进行、牛场日常管理困难、“倒奶”现象频发。针对奶业运行自动化程度高、从业人员较分散等特点,建议确定科学的新冠肺炎疫情防控措施,允许开工复产。此外,由于奶类是营养价值最高、最节省粮食的动物源食品,所以建议政府在疫情过后,调整农业产业结构和乳制品内部结构,抓大奶业发展力度,重视鲜奶和奶酪生产。     

犊牛肺炎的过去、现在和未来

时下正值新冠肺炎疫情在全球肆虐时期,同样作为呼吸系统疾病的犊牛肺炎,也长期困扰着牧场生产,造成难以预估的经济损失。经过几十年的不断探索和研究,国内外牧场针对犊牛肺炎的认知及防治均取得长足发展,但当前仍面临尚待解决的诸多问题与不足。因此,本文主要从兽医视角,就犊牛肺炎的发展历史、现状及未来可能的发展方向做简要概述,以供参考。     

Fungal pneumonia in a captive black rhinoceros

A captive black rhinoceros (Diceros bicornis) with a hoof abscess was treated with long-term antibiotic therapy. After 9 months of treatment, there was rapid deterioration, marked weight loss and reluctance to stand. Profuse, bilateral epistaxis developed accompanied by collapse and the animal was euthanased. Necropsy revealed pulmonary aspergillosis with concurrent Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection. Though a well-recognized disease of black rhinoceros, fungal pneumonia has not been reported in this species in Australia. The cost and efficacy of treatment have been questioned, however, prophylactic antifungal drug administration will be considered in any further cases of chronic, debilitating illness in black rhinoceros at Western Plains Zoo.