种猪场猪支原体肺炎（气喘病）控制与净经技术研究

在一个气喘病流行已有数年的种猪场，结合种猪选育，实施了以免疫、消毒、隔离、淘汰并加速更换种猪建立和新种猪群等为主要技术措施的猪气喘病控制和净化技术后，取得了显著效果，气喘病临床病猪已经少见，肺部有气喘病病变的猪也从试验初期的１０．９％下降至后期的３％左右，仔猪活率和生长速度显著提高。     

犊牛肺炎的过去、现在和未来

时下正值新冠肺炎疫情在全球肆虐时期,同样作为呼吸系统疾病的犊牛肺炎,也长期困扰着牧场生产,造成难以预估的经济损失。经过几十年的不断探索和研究,国内外牧场针对犊牛肺炎的认知及防治均取得长足发展,但当前仍面临尚待解决的诸多问题与不足。因此,本文主要从兽医视角,就犊牛肺炎的发展历史、现状及未来可能的发展方向做简要概述,以供参考。     

Clinical papers

In a commercial swine herd a rise was noted during the summer of 1981 in the number of repeat breeders, mostly four to eight weeks after serving. During the autumn there was a decrease in the litter size at birth and an increase in the number of stillborn and mummified piglets. Several gilts and sows showed a seroconversion against Porcine Parvovirus (PPV), determined by the Haemagglutination Inhibition lest (HI‐test). Characteristic pathological findings were seen in some maturely stillborn and neonatally deceased piglets (up to an age of 28 days); hepatic congestion and necrosis, accummulation of fluid in body cavities, myocarditis, and encephalitis were the most Prominent features. Serological tests for antibodies in blood samples of one sow and body fluids of two stillborn piglets were suggestive of Porcine Parvovirus as the aetiological agent.     

规模化猪场猪支原体肺炎控制及净化技术研究

在四川蒲江某规模化８养猪场 ,对该场的猪支原体肺炎采用以监测、免疫为主,隔离、治 疗、淘汰、消毒等综合防制技术进行控制与净化,对全场有猪支原体肺炎症状的猪及可疑病猪进行隔治疗,治愈后的猪经与易感猪同居感染不发病,分离猪肺炎支原体为阴性,试验表明治愈后的猪不带菌。对全场种猪和后备健康猪群进行猪支原体肺炎疫苗的免疫接种,经抗体监测和攻毒试验,免疫后２４０天猪支原体肺炎的ＩＨＡ抗体仍可达到１：１０,保护率     

Oscillatory measurements,blood gas analysis and clinical observations after intravenous clenbuterol administration in healthy and acutely pneumonic calves

The effects of clenbuterol (Ventipulmin, Boehringer Ingelheim) on respiratory functions were investigated in 6 calves aged 4–6 weeks prior to and after experimental infection withPasteurella haemolytica A1. On days 1–3 (prior to infection) and on days 7–9 (after infection), blood gas analysis, monofrequency forced oscillation techniques and clinical examinations (heart rate, respiratory rate) were conducted for 135 min after the intravenous administration of clenbuterol (0.8 µg/kg body weight). In healthy calves prior toPasteurella infection, intravenous administration of clenbuterol induced a mild tachycardia and a reduction in the mean oscillatory respiratory resistance. Using the same dose of clenbuterol in diseased calves after infection, the statistically significant reduction in oscillatory respiratory resistance was more impressive and it was accompanied by a significant increase in the oxygen pressure of the arterialized blood. Heart rate and respiratory rate did not change significantly after the administration of clenbuterol in infected calves.Abbreviations HR heart rate - IV intravenous - MFOT monofrequency forced oscillation technique - PaO₂ arterial oxygen pressure - R_os oscillatory resistance - RR respiratory rate     

Medical and surgical management of severe barium aspiration in a dog

Objective– To describe the medical and surgical management of a unique case of barium sulfate aspiration pneumonia in a dog. Case Summary– A 5‐year‐old spayed female black Labrador Retriever weighing 33 kg was presented for evaluation of barium aspiration pneumonia. Approximately 200 mL of barium had been instilled into the caudal lung lobes via an improperly placed orogastric tube. Right caudal, right middle, and accessory lung lobectomies were performed, and the dog was managed intensively for 19 days in the hospital. New or Unique Information Provided– This is the first report of a complete diagnostic work‐up including bronchoscopy, bronchoalveolar lavage, culture, thoracotomy, and pulmonary histopathology for severe barium sulfate aspiration in a dog with an excellent outcome.     

猪支原体肺炎的诊断及防制

支原体是引起猪下呼吸道疾病和肺炎的常见病因。在世界范围内,支原体病对每一猪群都造成明显的经济损失。控制支原体病的措施包括改善通风状况、控制温度、全进全出的饲养管理、使用抗生素及疫苗等。对支原体病的诊断和确定可能存在继发性疾病的并发或与原发性疾病的互作是很重要的。     

Bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) pneumonia in beef calf herds despite vaccination.

The present report describes the clinical, pathological, serological and virological findings in calves from 2 larger Danish beef herds experiencing outbreaks of pneumonia. The calves had been vaccinated with an inactivated bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) vaccine 2 months prior to the outbreak. The clinical signs comprised nasal discharge, pyrexia, cough and increased respiratory rates. A total of 28 calves died in the 2 herds. The laboratory investigations revealed that BRSV was involved and probably initiated both outbreaks. Furthermore, the serological results suggested that the vaccine induced only sparse levels of antibodies probably due to the presence of maternally derived antibodies at the time of vaccination. Necropsy findings in 5 calves revealed changes typical for infectious pneumonia with involvement of BRSV. In conclusion, vaccination of calves against BRSV in 2 Danish beef herds failed to protect the calves against severe or even fatal BRSV mediated respiratory disease 2 months later.     

Fatal pandemic (H1N1) 2009 influenza A virus infection in a Pennsylvania domestic cat

We report the earliest recognized fatality associated with laboratory-confirmed pandemic H1N1 (pH1N1) influenza in a domestic cat in the United States. The 12-year old, indoor cat died on 6 November 2009 after exposure to multiple family members who had been ill with influenza-like illness during the peak period of the fall wave of pH1N1 in Pennsylvania during late October 2009. The clinical presentation, history, radiographic, laboratory and necropsy findings are presented to assist veterinary care providers in understanding the features of this disease in cats and the potential for transmission of infection to pets from infected humans.