适制信阳毛尖茶的优质茶树良种

论述了中国传统名茶信阳毛尖茶对茶树品种的基本要求 ,介绍了信阳 10号、白毫早、福鼎大白茶、舒茶早等 4个适制信阳毛尖茶的优质茶树良种的特征、特性 ,供信阳茶区推广种植参考。     

花香型绿茶的试制

临海大山茶厂利用弃采的夏秋茶鲜叶试制成功花香型绿茶,基本掌握其生产工艺,效益显著,比传统夏秋绿茶生产提高84％。     

田间茶树净光合速率及其生态生理因子的日变化

以铁观音茶树品种为试验材料,研究了茶树净光合速率（ Ｐｎ）及其生态生理因子的日变化．结果表明,不同季节、不同天气和不同叶龄叶片 Ｐｎ 的日变化不同．在春季和秋季的晴天 Ｐｎ 的日变化曲线都是双峰曲线型,一天中１１：００（春季）或１０：００（秋季）和１４：００ 最高,有明显的“午休”现象;秋季多云天“午休”现象不明显,阴天 Ｐｎ 较低,且只有 １ 个高峰;不同叶龄的 Ｐｎ 变化趋势相似, ３０ 天叶龄的叶片 Ｐｎ 大于老叶和嫩叶．茶树叶片光合能力变化受生态生理因子的影响,特别是主导因子的影响．经主成分和通径分析表明,光合有效辐射、叶温和气温是茶园生态系统的主导因子．生理因子中气孔导度对 Ｐｎ 的影响最大     

恩施州藤茶基地土壤质量评价

[目的]评价恩施州藤茶种植基地土壤质量。[方法]选取土壤pH值、有机质、碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾等肥力因子,再将各属性值分级标准化,采用修正的内梅罗公式对采样区域的土壤质量进行评价。[结果]藤茶基地土壤质量总体状况良好,土壤肥力基本达到肥沃水平,宜于藤茶的生长。[结论]藤茶基地土壤肥力肥沃,但土壤有酸化现象出现,需采取相应措施予以解决。     

名茶知名度品牌——试谈磐安茶叶主导品牌建设之路

本文回顾了磐安县茶叶主导品牌建设的三个阶段,名茶、知名度、品牌,分析了茶叶主导品牌建设中的一些误区,指出了今后磐安县茶叶主导品牌建设的努力方向.     

Effect of aluminum on callose synthesis in root tips of tea (Camellia sinensis L.) plants

Aluminum (Al) toxicity is a major factor limiting yield production on acid soils (Foy 1983). The initial symptom of Al toxicity in many plants is manifested by the inhibition of root elongation (Ownby and Popham 1990; Llugany et al. 1994; Sasaki et al. 1994; Horst et al. 1997), which occurs during a very short period of time after exposure to Al (Llugany et al. 1994; Staß and Horst 1995). In a large number of recent reports, it was shown that the root apex plays a major role in the Al-sensitivity and response mechanisms (Zhang et al. 1994; Sasaki et al. 1997; Sivaguru and Horst 1998). However, it is interesting to note that stimulatory effects of Al on the growth of plants have also been reported in some studies (Chenery 1955; Konishi et al. 1985; Huang and Bachelard 1993; Osaki et al. 1997). In tea plant (Camellia sinensis L.) a stimulatory effect of Al on the growth was also demonstrated in some experiments, using intact plant (Chenery 1955; Konishi et al. 1985), cultured roots (Tsuji et al. 1994), and pollen tubes (Yokota et al. 1997). The growth of tea roots was typically more stimulated than that of shoots by Al (Konishi et al. 1985). It was assumed that Al effects might be due to the amelioration of phosphorus absorption (Konishi et al. 1985), secretion of malic acid from roots to dissolve aluminum phosphate in the rhizosphere (Jayman and Sivasubramaniam 1975), stimulation of growth of microorganisms on the root surface (Konishi 1990) or replacement of some functions of boron (Konishi 1992; Yokota et al. 1997). However, the stimulatory effects of Al on tea plant growth have not yet been el ucidated.

The formation of callose (1,3-β-glucan) has been reported as a common plant response to a variety of stresses, as well as mechanical, biophysical, chemical, and biological injury (Jaffe and Leopold 1984; Zhang et al. 1994). Increased synthesis of callose has been observed upon exposure to excess amounts of some elements, such as boron (McNairn and Currier 1965), cobalt, nickel, zinc (Peterson and Rauser 1979), and manganese (Wissemeier and Horst} 1987, 1992). Callose synthesis was also induced by Al in the roots of Triticum aestivum (Zhang et al. 1994) and Zea mays (Horst et al. 1997; Sivaguru and Horst 1998), suspension-cultured cells of Glycine max (Staß and Horst 1995), and protoplasts of Avena sativa (Schaeffer and Walton 1990) and Zea mays (Wagatsuma et al. 1995). Induction of callose synthesis in roots seems to be a very rapid physiological indicator of Al-induced injury or genotypical differences in Al sensitivity (Wissemeier and Horst 1992; Zhang et al. 1994; Horst et al. 1997). Nevertheless, Al-induced callose synthesis in tea plant, whose growth is stimulated by suitable Al concentrations, has not been described yet. Therefore, to elucidate the physiological basic effects of Al on tea plant, callose synthesis affected by Al in the root tips of intact plants was analyzed in the present study.     

氟对茶树生长、叶片生理生化指标与茶叶品质的影响

以2个茶树品种为试验材料,通过土壤盆栽试验,研究了土壤添加氟浓度为0～200 mg/kg对茶树生长、叶片生理生化指标与茶叶品质的影响以及茶树的氟累积特性。结果表明,随氟处理浓度增加,茶树的生长、叶绿素合成和光合作用均受到明显抑制; 福鼎大白茶的SOD、CAT和POD活性均随氟处理浓度的增加呈先升高后降低趋势,名山白毫的3种酶活性则受到明显抑制。2个品种的新梢中游离氨基酸、儿茶素组分和咖啡碱含量也随施氟浓度的增加总体呈下降趋势,茶叶品质降低,表明氟可能抑制茶树儿茶素的合成代谢和氮素代谢。茶树的氟累积量也随着土壤氟水平的增加而增加,且各器官的氟含量(y)与土壤中添加的氟(x)呈显著或极显著线性正相关; 茶树的聚氟能力依次为叶片＞新梢＞枝条＞茎＞根,叶片是氟累积的主要器官。福鼎大白茶耐氟、抗氟的能力明显强于名山白毫,但氟积累能力则低于名山白毫。     

炭疽病胁迫下的茶树叶片高光谱特征分析

试验以茶树不同炭疽病受害程度的叶片及健康叶片为材料, 室内测定其光谱反射率。结果表明, 炭疽病危害后, 茶树叶片的光谱值随发病程度的增加表现出有规律的变化, 740～1 000 nm波段的光谱反射率随病情加重呈现下降趋势; 而1 370～2 500 nm波段却表现出相反趋势。在742～974 nm和1 374～2 500 nm, 炭疽病受害程度与光谱反射率呈极显著相关。对光谱一阶微分特征分析表明, 在680～780 nm范围内处理间变幅最大, 有2个波段的一阶微分值与受害程度表现出极显著相关性, 分别为715～763 nm和776～778 nm波段。建立的炭疽病严重度诊断模型, 均达到极显著水平, 其中利用植被指数(Rg - Rr)/( Rg+ Rr)建立的模型精确度最高。     

出口茶叶生产加工中有害微生物危害分析

阐述我国茶叶的对外贸易、茶叶的消费方式等,对各相关的茶叶有害微生物的危害和危害的程度进行了分析,从茶叶的各工艺过程分析茶叶中有害微生物的污染和危害,提出防治茶叶中有害微生物的措施。     

云南古茶园土壤化学成分研究

通过实地采样和实验室化验分析,研究云南古茶园土壤化学成分含量状况。结果表明,古茶园土壤含有机质4.66%、碱解氮167.48 mg/kg、速效磷13.57 mg/kg和速效钾81.46 mg/kg,有效硼1.07 mg/kg、有效钙292.93 mg/kg、有效镁47.2 mg/kg、有效铁85.99 mg/kg、有效锰20.72 mg/kg、有效铜0.93 mg/kg和有效锌1.33 mg/kg,全铬74.28 mg/kg、全铅96.67 mg/kg和全汞0.13 mg/kg。有机质含量高于中国目前一等土壤生产水平和高产优质高效茶园土壤含量水平,速效磷、速效钾、有效铜和有效锌含量均低于高产优质高效茶园土壤含量水平。