南海8种低值小杂鱼脂肪含量和脂肪酸组成分析

采用氯仿-甲醇法提取南海盛产的8种低值小杂鱼肌肉、鱼头、内脏中的粗脂肪,利用气相色谱分析其脂肪酸的组成。结果表明,低值小杂鱼头部粗脂肪含量为2.7%～9.7%,内脏粗脂肪含量为2.9%～6.2%,肌肉部分粗脂肪含量为2.0%～8.5%;不同低值小杂鱼的脂肪酸组成基本相同,但其含量有所差异,饱和脂肪酸含量最高,都在40%以上,内脏粗脂肪中的饱和脂肪酸含量较头部和肌肉中的含量高;多不饱和脂肪酸含量差异较大,粗脂肪含量较高的鱼中多不饱和脂肪酸的含量较低;不同鱼种不同部位的粗脂肪中EPA、DHA含量有所差异。蓝圆鲹的头部粗脂肪中DHA和EPA最高,含量达到28.4%,而双带海鲱鲤内脏粗脂肪中的EPA和DHA含量仅为7.26%。     

气相色谱-嗅觉测量法鉴定蒌蒿中的香气化合物

 采用顶空固相微萃取法提取了蒌蒿样品中的挥发性成分, 利用气相色谱-嗅觉测量法(GC-O)并结合气相色谱质谱联用分析(GC - MS) , 鉴定了萎蒿中的香气化合物。共检出21个呈香化合物, 基于其嗅感强度, 反式- 2 - 己烯醛、水芹烯、顺式- 罗勒烯、3 - 崖柏酮、樟脑, 黄瓜醛、( - ) - 龙脑和( - ) - 乙酸龙脑酯被认定为形成蒌蒿香气的重要化合物。     

Antioxidant properties of blackberry and blueberry fruits grown in the Black Sea Region of Turkey

Seven wild and ten cultivated blackberries (Arapaho, Bartin, Black Satin, Bursa 1, Bursa 2, Cherokee, Chester, Jumbo, Navaho, and Ness), and six lowbush (Vaccinium arctostaphylos) and four highbush (Vaccinium corymbosum) blueberries fruits (Ivanhoe, Jersey, Northland, and Rekord) were analyzed for total anthocyanins, total phenolics, and antioxidant activity as ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) in this study. The respective ranges of total anthocyanin and total phenolic contents of the tested samples were: blackberries, 0.95–1.97 and 1.73–3.79 mg g⁻¹ and blueberries, 0.18–2.94 and 0.77–5.42 mg g⁻¹. FRAP values varied from 35.05 to 70.41 μmol g⁻¹ for blackberries, 7.41 to 57.92 μmol g⁻¹ for blueberries. Wild blackberries had the highest FRAP values while wild blueberries had the highest total phenolic and total anthocyanin contents. A linear relationship was observed between FRAP values and total phenolics for blueberries (r = 0.981). The anthocyanin pigments in samples were isolated and characterized by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with UV–visible detection. Cyn-3-glu was the predominant anthocyanin in all blackberry fruits.     

香菇液体菌种固化技术研究

食用菌液体菌种由于具有不耐贮藏和不便于运输等缺点,极大地限制了液体菌种的推广应用。研究报道了一种食用菌液体菌种固化技术,可有效解决液体菌种的上述缺点。在优选的蔗糖、豆饼粉液体培养基中摇瓶培养香菇856,将得到的菌丝球与优选的主要成分是棉籽壳的固化载体基质按1∶6的比例混合,制成固化菌种,室温保藏30d,与保藏0d的固化菌种相比,呼吸强度低,纤维素酶活力明显升高,萌发力强,菌丝生长快。     

不同碳源、氮源对香魏菇菌丝体生长的影响测定

以菌丝体生物量为指标,对香魏菇液体培养基中碳氮营养源进行了优化。结果表明香魏菇菌株能利用多种碳源、氮源,其中碳源以葡萄糖较好;有机氮源优于无机氮源,牛肉膏为较佳氮源。     

针板电极荷电液体射流不稳定性分析

基于荷电液体射流的模型和广义坐标下的Lagrange方程,建立了静电场作用下无粘性液体射流的色散方程,并对该方程进行了数值求解,分析了若干因素对荷电液体射流的轴对称模型和非轴对称模型的影响.研究结果表明:随着电场强度的增大,荷电液体射流的最大扰动增长率增大.低电压时静电场对轴对称射流的不稳定性有显著作用,电压逐渐升高时非轴对称模型逐渐占据主导地位,最终导致液滴的破碎;随着射流半径的减小,荷电液体射流的不稳定性增加,轴对称模型下射流半径的改变对射流不稳定性的影响比非轴对称模型小;不同的液体介质对荷电液体射流不稳定性的影响在非轴对称模型下表现得更为显著.     

DME发动机非常规排放物的检测与分析

用气相色谱仪和傅立叶红外光谱仪对燃用DME的ZS195柴油机的排气中的甲醛(HCHO)、甲酸甲酯(CHCOOCH3)、甲酸(HCOOH)非常规排放物进行了检测和分析。结果表明,DME发动机的尾气排放中,均检测到HCHO,HCOOCH3,HCOOH排放物,且甲醛是非常规排放物中的主要成分,甲醛、甲酸甲酯的排放量随转速上升而略有上升,随负荷增加而不同程度的减少,而甲酸排放量变化则不甚明显。     

超声提取-离子色谱法测定芹菜中氯量

研究了超声提取-离子色谱法测定芹菜中氯含量的方法。芹菜经超声提取20 min后,以浓度4.5 mmol/L Na₂CO₃和0.8 mmol/L NaHCO₃为淋洗液,经IonPacAG23分离测定。本方法具有快速、灵敏、准确度高,适合于芹菜中氯量的测定。     

福建绿衣枳实生药醇提取物的反相HPLC指纹图谱

用RP-HPLC法获得不同绿衣枳实生药的HPLC色谱图,并确定其共有峰,用夹角余弦、相关系数、欧氏距离等不同数理统计方法进行分析。建立福建绿衣枳实生药以33个共有峰为指纹特征信息的对照指纹图谱和质量鉴定分析方法。该方法准确可靠、简便、重现性好,可用于评价不同绿衣枳实生药内在质量。     

The effects of (S)-(+)-carvone treatments on seed potato tuber dormancy and sprouting

Summary Potato seed tubers may suffer from premature sprouting during storage, thus limiting their suitability for cultivation. Commonly used sprout suppressant treatments negatively affect but viability and therefore a reliable method to inhibit bud development must still be found for seed tubers. The monoterpene carvone ((S)-(+)-carvone) was tested in small scale experiments. The vapour of this compound fully inhibited bud growth of tubers cv. Monalisa stored at 23°C without affecting bud viability throughout 6 months of treatment. The most effective range of carvone vapour concentrations was between 0.34 and 1.06 μmol mol⁻¹. With these qualities we can expect carvone to become a suitable sprout suppressant for seed tubers.