1O％阿维·茚虫威（艾酷）防治稻纵卷叶螟效果及应用技术

田间药效试验结果表明：10％阿维·茚虫威水分散粒剂对稻纵卷叶螟具有较好的防治效果,其药效随着用药量的增加而极显著上升,药后9d、16d、25d450g/hm^2的处理对稻纵卷叶螟的综合防效分别为87．5％、95．2％、83．5％,与对照药剂10％阿维·氟酰胺悬浮剂450mL／hm^2的处理防效相当,未达极显著差异。试验药剂综合表现为速效性较好、持效期较长,安全性好,因此在当前生产上有良好的推广应用前景。     

外源茉莉酸和真菌激发子诱导白菜CaMBP10的表达

 Recently,CaMBP10 was identified as a plant lipid transfer protein(LTP).In the study,four leaves old cabbages were treated with exogenous jasmonic acid(JA),JA plus LTP,fungal elicitor,200 mmol/L NaCl and 20% PEG respectively for understanding the functions of CaMBP10 in vivo.The expression of CaMBP10 was determined by using semi-quantitative RT-PCR.The results showed that the expressions of CaMBP10 were dramatically up-regulated in different levels under indicated conditions.It demonstrated that CaMBP10 was involved in biotic and abiotic stress response.     

基于MODIS数据的2001—2016年内蒙古积雪分布及其变化趋势

积雪融水是干旱区重要的水资源之一,积雪分布变化的监测对区域雪冰资源的合理利用及灾害防治至关重要。基于内蒙古地区2001-2016年MOD10A2积雪数据对研究区进行分带提取,分析不同海拔高度积雪年内年际变化特征,结合气温和降水气象因素,分析其分布变化原因。研究表明:积雪面积、积雪覆盖率年内分布呈单峰形,10个海拔带的积雪期为9月到次年5月,峰值出现在冬季,积雪覆盖率增减的临界高度在952~1 114 m;不同高程带的积雪面积在春季、夏季、秋季整体上呈现出"增加-减少-增加-减少"的年际变化规律,冬季整体上表现出"减少-增加-减少"的变化规律;积雪面积受降水量和气温相互的影响,其中海拔高度可能起到间接作用。内蒙古地区春季、冬季积雪覆盖率均与冬季降水量呈显著正相关,各季节积雪覆盖率基本与温度呈负相关关系。     

Steam explosion of crop straws improves the characteristics of biochar as a soil amendment

Five crop straws(wheat, rice, maize, oil-rape, and cotton) were first steam-exploded for 2 min at 210°C, 2.5 MPa and then pyrolyzed at 500°C for 2 h. Steam explosion(SE) induced 47–95% and 5–16% reduction of hemicellulose and cellulose, respectively, in the crop straws. The biochars derived from SE-treated feedstocks had a lower specific surface area(SSA) and pore volume, compared to those from pristine feedstocks, with one exception that SE enhanced SSA of oil-rape straw biochar by approximately 16 times. After SE, biochars had significant higher anion exchange capacity(AEC)(6.88–11.44 cmol kg~(–1)) and point of zero net charges(PZNC)(pH 3.61–5.32) values. It can thus be speculated that these biochars may have higher potential for anions adsorption. In addition, oil-rape straw might be suitable to SE pretreatment for preparing biochar as a soil amendment and sorbent as well. Further work is required for testing its application in soil.     

高产优质玉米杂交种毕单10号的选育

毕单10号是毕节地区农科所于1993年用自选玉米自交系W260作母本、自选玉米自交系411作父本杂交组配而成的杂交玉米新品种, 2000年12月经毕节地区农作物品种审定委员会审定,2003年7月21日经贵州省农作物品种审定委员会审定。该品种高产稳产,品质好,抗逆性强,适应性广。1999～2002年示范推广25733.3hm2,增产玉米1676.21万kg,增值1609.16万元,社会经济效益极为显著。     

Genetic variation in bitter pit and fruit calcium concentrations within a diverse apple germplasm collection

Summary Genetic variability in the apple [Malus] fruit disorder bitter pit and fruit calcium concentrations ([Ca]) was determined in 25 seedling families at each of two sites from 1999 to 2000 and again for one site, in 2001. Most trees were free of pit or had low pit incidence, which could be approximated by an over-dispersed binomial distribution. A genetic component to external and internal pit incidence was found across both sites and all years. This effect was irrespective of the use of several cropping factors, average fruit weight or fruit mineral concentrations as covariates in the analyses. Year and/or site always had substantial effects on pit incidence. Interactions of genetic effects with site or year were also detected with large differences in mean pit incidence between sites or years for some families but not others. No relationship was found between mean family pit incidence and mean family [Ca] or mean family harvest date. However fruit [Ca] and harvest date were usually important predictors of within-family variation in pit incidence. For any one seedling, family had the largest effect on bitter pit incidence followed by site and [Ca] and the smallest effect was that of harvest date. [Ca] showed a strong genetic component and estimated family means of [Ca] were consistent at different sites and years. These results suggest that susceptibility of apple genotypes to bitter pit in breeding programmes may be best assessed through screening across multiple sites and seasons. Fruit [Ca] might be useful as an indirect selection index for bitter pit within, but not among families.     

西藏墨竹工卡积雪时空分布特征分析

利用MODIS10A2积雪产品数据（2001～2013年）对西藏墨竹工卡县积雪的时间变化及其空间分布特征进行分析,结果表明,西藏墨竹工卡地区墨竹工卡98.62％的区域积雪持续日数是不超过180d;积雪随着海拔升高,持续天数也在增加;积雪覆盖率年际变化趋势不明显,但季节性差异大.     

早熟高产优质小花生新品种冀花10号的选育

冀花10号系河北省农林科学院粮油作物研究所以冀9102为母本、87-77为父本,通过人工杂交和改良系谱法选育而成的早熟、高产、油用型小果花生新品种。该品种具有早熟、高产、优质、抗病和适应性强等特性。在河北省区域试验中,平均荚果产量为4128.00 kg/hm2,较对照鲁花12号增产20.71%;在河北省生产试验中,平均荚果产量为3694.20 kg/hm2,较对照鲁花12号增产22.60%。该品种籽仁脂肪含量为56.82%。2012年通过河北省科学技术厅组织的新品种审定。     

10%世高水分散剂在白菜及土壤中的残留分析方法

建立了10%世高水分散剂在白菜及土壤中的残留分析方法。该方法的最小检出量为1.2×10-12g。以0.0100 mg/L,0.1000 mg/L,1.000 mg/L进行添加回收试验,结果表明,白菜植株的平均回收率为90.7%~92.8%,相对标准偏差为1.2%~8.5%;土壤样本的回收率为87.2%~92.9%,相对标准偏差为2.5%~9.1%。该方法的灵敏度、准确度、精密度均符合农药残留技术测定要求。     

冬季家庭居室内PM_(10)浓度的影响因素

[目的]为了探讨家庭居室内PM10污染物的来源,对人体的危害及影响因素。[方法]在丹东市的三个区选择了14个家庭,对其厨房、卧室和客厅进行PM10浓度的测试,并对室内的PM10污染物来源进行了分析。[结果]室内空气PM10浓度主要受吸烟、烹饪时的燃料、不同清洁方式、室外颗粒物浓度、室内人员多少和活动频繁程度、通风量7个因素的影响,被测14户家庭中有7户所有的房间均超标。[结论]丹东市家庭室内PM10浓度超标不容乐观,应引起有关部门的重视。