Research and development of a parallel piezoelectric 4-axis force/torque sensor

This paper proposed a novel parallel piezoelectric four-axis force/torque sensor based on the bottleneck contradictions of elastic style multi-axis wrist force sensor, It introduces the sensor's structure and operating principle and discussed the selection and spatial layout of piezoelectric quartz wafer group.Then it derives the mathematic model of the sensor. The finite element model of the sensor is established, and the prototype of the sensor is manufactured. Finally, it obtains the input and output curve, voltage sensitivity, charge sensitivity and the coupling interference.The results indicate that the sensor has advantages of simple and rational structure, correct mathematic model, nice manufacturability, good linearity, good rigidity, and natural frequency greater than 30 kHz, less than 3% of the interference error without decoupling matrix.These can meet the requirements of sensor design.     

Sliding friction test analysis of TiAlN/TiN coatings on 40Cr steel

TiAlN/TiN duplex coating is made on the surface of 40Cr steel by means of multi-arc ion plating technology. Carrying capacity and tribological properties of TiAlN/TiN duplex coating are investigated with a UMT-2 wear tester without lubrication. The surface morphology of wear specimens are observed by scanning electron microscope(SEM). Elements of wear scar center and their content are analyzed by EDS. Tribological properties of TiAlN/TiN coating are evaluated through comparing with 40Cr in friction coefficient and wear volume. The results show that tribological properties of TiAlN/TiN duplex coating is better than 40Cr. The TiAlN/TiN films is superior in reducing friction and wear resistance, and can successfully resist abrasive wear and adhesive wear.     

车用油料的使用与质量管理

车用油料包括汽油，柴油，润滑油，齿轮油和润滑脂等种类，详细介绍了各种车用油料的应用特点及适用性，强调指出，加大车用油料的收，发及使用过程的管理力度，可确保车用油料的质量，提高车辆的运行效能。     

食品工艺中的中国美学思想

中国食品工艺美学不仅受西方美学思想的影响．而且也与中国美学思想范畴和命题有着密切关系。“意境说，韵味说，外师造化，中得心源说”和“意象，神思说”等，都能体现出中国美学思想在食品加工制作中的美学作用，也充分地展示了中国古代及现代文化的博大与精深，使饮食文化从生活领域上升到新的境界。     

果奶稳定性和芒果豆奶生产技术研究

对提高果奶稳定性的方法研究表明，果奶必须含有０．４％－１．２％的油酯，ＰＨ值为３．７－４．０，温度为５０－８０℃，单宁含量低于０．３％，均质压力为１８－２５ＭＰａ，在加酸成果汁前后各均质一次，对果奶的稳定效果好。乳化剂和络合剂须与奶粉同时溶解，并经胶体磨充分乳化后再加入稳定剂。当均质后的料液温度低于４０℃时，剧烈搅拌并缓缓加入稀释的果汁或酸，在６５－７０℃杀菌３０ｍｉｎ。按上述工艺生产的果奶和芒果     

VA菌根菌对茶树矿质营养的效应及其机理研究

对辐照灭菌的酸性黄壤（ＰＨ值５．６）中的茶苗（Ｃａｍｅｌｌｉａ ｓｉｎｅｎｓｉｓ）接种ＶＡ菌根真菌（Ｇｌｏｍｕｓ ｅｐｉｇａｅｕｍ ｇ），并追施＾３２Ｐ－过磷酸钙和＾８６Ｒｂ－氯化铷，（代替＾４０Ｋ－氯化钾），生长２１０天后测定表明，菌根侵染率，真菌＋＾３２Ｐ为５２．９％和真菌＋＾８６Ｒｂ为５１．９％，且与茶树根际土壤微生物再生数量呈正相关。茶树株高分别是对照的２倍和１．９倍，地上、地下部干重分别     

苹果流变特性的研究 Ⅰ.蠕变特性的试验与研究

以秦冠苹果为试材,建立了蠕变现象的流变模型,计算出流变参数。结果表明,苹果的蠕变现象可用四元件的Burgers模型表示,苹果大小、载荷大小、果肉试样的不同对模型参数影响均不显著;当保证应力不变时,果肉试验与整苹果试验的参数很接近。     

8804果实和干红葡萄酒香气成分的GC/MS分析

为进一步明确8804新品系果实和干红葡萄酒的香气特点,采用液-液萃取法提取8804葡萄果实和干红葡萄酒中的香气成分,应用色谱面积归一法测定各成分的相对含量。结果表明,8804葡萄果实中共鉴定出29种挥发性化合物,相对含量排在前5位的分别为邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(17.77%)、邻苯二甲酸二异辛酯(8.25%)、2-呋喃甲醛(7.10%)、2,6-二甲基-3,7-辛二烯-2,6-二醇(5.53%)、油酸(4.50%);干红葡萄酒中共鉴定出31种挥发性化合物,相对含量排在前5位的分别为苯乙醇(26.78%)、2-甲基-四氢噻吩(12.04%)、辛酸乙酯(7.02%)、1,3-丁二醇(5.20%)、己酸乙酯(4.55%)。     

扩展二次规划在电力系统无功优化中的应用

Based on the Simplex and Gradient method, a new algorithm (EBM) is presented for solving the quadratic programming with upper and lower bounds. Firstly the ideas of Beale''s method and extended LP are analysed, and then an extended Beale''s method (EBM) is     

扬麦158小麦籽粒形态发育动态研究

试验于１９９１～１９９３年在江苏农学院实验农牧场进行，以扬麦１５８为研究材料，分析不同粒位籽粒长、宽、厚增长动态及其与体积、粒重的关系表明：籽粒长、宽、厚度的生长动态用二次曲线拟合，粒重的变化动态用Ｒｉｃｈａｒｄｓ方程拟合，决定系数达极显著水平。长度、宽度、厚度分别在花后２４～２５ｄ、２５～２６ｄ和２８～２９ｄ左右达最大值。通径分析表明，在长、宽、厚度三参数中，宽度对体积的影响最大，长度、厚度影响次之；对粒重的影响，厚度影响最大，长度、宽度次之