略论我国自然资源和环境法制建设

本文探讨了我国环境问题各种成因的特性,并研究了我国自然资源和环境法制工作的现状,分析了目前存在的缺陷和空白,并以可持续发展战略和坚持科学的发展观为基本价值取向,结合我国的基本国情对当今的自然资源和环境法制建设提出了一些合理化的建议。     

论"三农"问题与农民权益

在我国渐进式改革和市场转型过程中,"三农"问题已经突破经济层面,成为一个综合性的社会问题.解决三农问题,必须按照社会主义的本质要求,站在市场经济的最高处,站在"最广大人民"利益的最高处,用发展的全局的眼光和思维,制定设计出符合农民长远利益的系统性战略性策略措施和改革方案.标本兼治,循序渐进,逐步实现农民的权益.     

The methods to consolidate scattered tenanted lots into large rice paddy lots by the land consolidation projects in Japan

Today in Japan, agricultural productivity of rice cropping farmers is low. In order to get sufficient agricultural productivity, Japanese government is encouraging enlarging core farmers' farm sizes to 10–20 ha by borrowing farm lots from retiring farmers of small farms and carrying out the land consolidation projects to construct large rice paddy lots. In order to realize large rice paddy lots of more than several hectares, it is necessary to consolidate small scattered leased farm lots of core tenant farmers, but it is supposed to be very difficult. In order to clarify how to consolidate those leased lots into large rice paddy lots, I investigated five land consolidation project areas in which large rice paddy lots of more than several hectares were constructed for core tenant farmers. The result shows that (1) large rice paddy lots for core tenant farmers were settled in relatively inferior areas of the project areas, for instance, far from the land owners' residence area. (2) Basically land lenders do not accept their substitute lots settled into large rice paddy lots in such inferior areas, (3) but some land lenders who were eager to lend their farmland to core farmers accepted their substitute lots in such inferior areas. (4) Even in cases that tenant farmers could not consolidate substitute lots of their tenant land into large rice paddy lots, they could consolidate their cultivating lots by adjusting user rights, that is, exchange of user rights of lots between land lenders whose substitute lots were located outside of a large rice paddy lot area and owner farmers whose substitute lots were located in the area. (5) Owner farmers accepted this adjustment on their farmland as they could cultivate superior lots, consolidate their scattered cultivating lots into one place and so on.     

农林院校参与农村法律援助的思考

农民是法律援助的主要对象,对法律援助的需求量越来越大,需求的内容和形式呈现出多元化的趋势．为农林院校提供了新的契机和挑战。农林院校参与农村法律援助有利于缓解援助资源的刚性需求与供给不足之间的矛盾。有利于缓解援助范围的有限性与需求多样化之间的矛盾,有利于缓解援助方式的普遍性与需求特殊性之间的矛盾。农林院校要把法律援助作为新的历史使命,在实践中凝练法学专业人才培养的特色,提高学科建设水平。农林院校参与法律援助需要政府健全保障体系．学校内部构建科学高效的管理机制．建立相应的法学人才培养模式。     

基于农民权益视角的农村林权制度改革实践与启示——以安徽为例

从改革开放以来安徽省2次针对森林、林木、林地为对象的土地产权制度变革实践进程入手,从农民权益的视角回顾了林权制度改革的背景、所取得的成效及存在的问题,对其中一些特点和规律进行了总结和思考,以期对当下的林权制度深化改革提供有益借鉴。笔者认为成功林权制度改革的根本在于满足农民的根本权益,权益保障是深化农村林权制度改革的出发点和落脚点。     

非正式制度与新农村法制建设问题研究

分析了非正式制度的内涵及价值,并对其在新农村法制建设中的影响做了阐释,提出了积极整合非正式制度为新农村法制建设服务的路径。     

论我国紧急需要下土地征用的立法缺陷与完善

紧急需要下的土地征用在我国实践中大量存在,我国相关法律也对此进行了规定,但仍存在诸多缺陷。我国应从立法和相关制度方面对其予以完善,以有效应对紧急需要和保护公民的合法权益。     

我国农地产权法律制度存在的问题及对策研究

在对我国农地产权法律制度问题进行分析的基础上,建议通过农地产权股权化这一路径弥补农地产权制度的不足。     

农民工法律援助现状分析及对策——以南京市为例

采用随机抽样、整体抽样和典型抽样相结合的方法,对南京市各城区农民工进行问卷调查,针对当前南京市农民工法律援助工作存在的法律援助机构职能混乱、部门间缺乏协调性、政府支持力度不足、专业人才队伍建设滞后等问题,提出完善法律援助规章制度、明确机构职责,健全"部门联动"机制,强化政府扶持与保障的同时扩大援助经费来源,大力培养专业人才的建议,旨在探索具有南京市特色的法律援助模式。     

林权抵押贷款法律问题研究

林权抵押贷款为资源资产开辟了一条新的融资渠道,是当前金融机构的一项新兴业务。但是,相关法律规范和具体实践中的抵押贷款政策对林权抵押贷款有诸多限制。因此,针对林权抵押贷款制度存在的法律困境,结合我国现实的立法情况进行探讨,提出完善林权抵押贷款制度的对策,旨在促进林权流转市场稳定发展。