正交试验方法在铺地百里香扦插繁殖中的应用研究

应用正交试验方法,对园林芳香草坪新种--铺地百里香Thymus serpyllum进行了扦插繁殖试验研究.结果表明,扦插基质是影响铺地百里香扦插繁殖的主要因素,其次为插穗、NAA浓度、插穗在NAA中的浸泡时间;四因素的最佳水平组合为A2B2C2D2,即剪取上部枝条4～5 cm,去顶芽后,用珍珠岩做扦插基质,在浓度为100 mg/L的NAA中浸泡5 min,铺地百里香的扦插效果最为理想.     

An initial survey of the cattle grub Dermatobia hominis (L. Jr.) in Nicaragua

After the civil war and the Hurricane-Mitch disaster, cattlemen in Nicaragua were forced to transport their cattle from lowland areas to higher, dryer areas of the country. These areas are natural ecological niches for the cattle grub Dermatobia hominis (L. Jr.) (Diptera: Cuterebridae). To determine the importance of this infestation, the Agricultural and Livestock-Forestry Ministry selected a central area of Nicaragua to run a pioneer survey program to acquire information about hosts involved, number of cases, treatments applied and general knowledge of 42 farmers about the life cycle of the parasite. The subjects were either farm owners or farm managers. Ninety-five percentage of the farms indicated cases of D. hominis infestation in their animals, with cattle being the most affected host (100% of the affected farms). There was poor understanding of the D. hominis life cycle, vectors and control methods. A misuse of insecticides for the treatment of larval infestation by D. hominis was indicated.     

基于响应式Web的农业网站设计方法研究

响应式Web由于其适应全设备的特点,已成为当今网站设计的主流。该研究从对响应式Web的介绍和关键技术的分析入手,结合国内外响应式Web应用的现状,提出了农业网站响应式Web的设计流程,并对页面布局作出了多种方案分析,为农业网站建设提供参考。     

甘薯膳食纤维提取工艺的研究

试验模拟甘薯淀粉提取过程获得甘薯渣,通过单因素与正交试验研究了各种酶添加量对膳食纤维提取率的影响,确定糖化酶为主要酶,并且通过正交试验确定了糖化酶酶解条件(温度、时间、pH值)的最优组合。试验结果表明,各种酶的最适添加量分别为:α-淀粉酶1.4mL/g、胰蛋白酶0.5mL/g、糖化酶为5.0mL/g,其中,糖化酶是影响提取率的主要酶。糖化酶酶解的最佳工艺条件为:温度60℃,时间40min,pH值4.5。在最优工艺条件下制备甘薯渣膳食纤维产品,对产品进行分析表明,总膳食纤维提取率为81.6%,其中可溶性膳食纤维提取率可达25.7%,甘薯渣膳食纤维的膨胀力和持水力分别达到3.42mL/g和665%。     

均匀设计法优化金银花水煎液絮凝提取工艺的研究

用均匀设计法优化金银花水煎液絮凝提取工艺。考察了絮凝剂浓度、絮凝时间、pH、温度4个因素对金银花水煎液提取率的影响，得到金银花水煎液絮凝提取工艺的优化条件为絮凝剂浓度2．0％、絮凝时间20min、pH5．0、温度50℃，并对絮凝后的金银花水煎液进行了絮凝效果检验。此工艺较好地去除了蛋白质、鞣质、淀粉等杂质，保留了有效成分绿原酸。选用絮凝法提取效果好，安全度高，可替代传统水提醇沉法。     

云南海峰自然保护区景观资源评价

文章介绍了海峰自然保护区的基本概况、景观资源特点,并对其景观资源作了综合评价,提出了开发建设海峰自然保护区景观资源的建议。       

Monitoring distances travelled by horses using GPS tracking collars

Objective The aims of this work were to (1) develop a low-cost equine movement tracking collar based on readily available components, (2) conduct preliminary studies assessing the effects of both paddock size and internal fence design on the movements of domestic horses, with and without foals at foot, and (3) describe distances moved by mares and their foals. Additional monitoring of free-ranging feral horses was conducted to allow preliminary comparisons with the movement of confined domestic horses. Procedures A lightweight global positioning system (GPS) data logger modified from a personal/vehicle tracker and mounted on a collar was used to monitor the movement of domestic horses in a range of paddock sizes and internal fence designs for 6.5-day periods. Results In the paddocks used (0.8–16 ha), groups of domestic horses exhibited a logarithmic response in mean daily distance travelled as a function of increasing paddock size, tending asymptotically towards approximately 7.5 km/day. The distance moved by newborn foals was similar to their dams, with total distance travelled also dependent on paddock size. Without altering available paddock area, paddock design, with the exception of a spiral design, did not significantly affect mean daily distance travelled. Feral horses (17.9 km/day) travelled substantially greater mean daily distances than domestic horses (7.2 km/day in 16-ha paddock), even when allowing for larger paddock size. Conclusions Horses kept in stables or small yards and paddocks are quite sedentary in comparison with their feral relatives. For a given paddock area, most designs did not significantly affect mean daily distance travelled.     

坝上地区紫花苜蓿氮、磷、钾肥料效应与推荐施肥量

采用"3414"试验设计,进行田间试验,研究了坝上地区紫花苜蓿氮、磷、钾肥料效应及推荐施肥量。结果表明:在偏干旱条件下,施氮提高紫花苜蓿产量8%～25%,施磷增产率在122%～172%之间,施钾降低紫花苜蓿产量0～12%;与无肥处理相比,缺磷处理减产38.24%,其余处理增产26%～68%,高磷处理增产率最高(67.94%);氮钾互作效应降低紫花苜蓿产草量,而磷钾和磷氮互作效应为提高;缺氮、缺磷和缺钾处理的相对产量分别为75.02%、36.78%和91.60%,土壤速效氮、速效磷和速效钾的丰缺状况依次为中等、极缺和丰富。结合肥料效应函数法和养分丰缺指标法,得出坝上地区旱作条件下紫花苜蓿推荐年施氮(N)、磷(P2O5)和钾(K2O)量分别为80、50和60kg/hm2。     

新建与复养规模化猪场中生物安全工艺设计与改造

生物安全是猪场生产管理的关键,也是猪场搞好生产的基本保障。猪场生物安全贯穿于生产管理的各个环节,包括人员、物资、猪只、饲料、粪污等流转运输等。近两年的非洲猪瘟疫情使得很多生物安全设施和管理不健全的养殖场遭受灭顶之灾。为协助众多在疫情中遭受打击的规模养殖企业恢复生产,文章从更严格的生物安全角度出发,在传统猪场工艺设计的基础上,对猪场功能区设置、人员物料流线规划、进出场洗消设施配置等提出了一套较为完整的工艺技术方案,供养猪从业者在新建和改造猪场复养过程中参考。     

柱花草高产栽培综合农艺措施的研究

试验采用５因素二交正交旋转组合回归设计,对柱花草高产栽培的综合农艺措施进行研究,并建立了千物质产量与种植密度,收割次数、施过磷酸钙量、施复合肥量、喷施钼酸铵浓度先进５项农艺措施之间的数学模型,通过模型解析和寻优,得出在试验条件下,５项农艺措施对热研２号柱花草产量影响的程度依次为：收缩次数〉种植密度〉复合肥量〉施过磷酸钙量〉喷施钼酸铵浓度,并得出高产栽培组合方案。