基于SWOT分析的土地复垦模式研究——以克俄露天采矿区土地复垦模式为例

简要介绍了SWOT方法,然后将之应用于克俄露天矿区土地复垦模式的评价中,通过对比分析,将较为复杂的关系通过矩阵形式清晰地表现出来,指明了该复垦模式未来发展的战略方向。研究表明,SWOT方法在土地复垦模式发展方向的表达上是非常直观有效的,在逻辑上也是严密合理的。     

农民土地利用偏好与地域性认同的相关性

从农民土地利用偏好以及居民地域性认同出发,将农民土地利用偏好分为农业生产功能偏好和经济生产功能偏好2类;并运用数学方法求取居民地域性认同综合指数,建立Logistic二项回归模型,研究农民土地利用偏好和居民地域性认同的相关性。结果表明,地域性认同程度高的农民更偏好于土地的经济生产功能。地方在开展土地整理或制定土地利用计划时,可根据当地居民地域性认同程度选择增大农地面积或是商铺、工厂的面积,提高人民的满意度。     

Efficiency of Land Utilizationand Urbanization Progress of China

Urbanization is a process that is undergoing all over the world, which will speed up in the forthcoming years, especially in China as the boom of economy. On average, urbanization level is not only depended on the speed, but theefficiency, particularly efficiency of using land resource which affects urbanization directly. This paper provided status quo of land resource utilization efficiency, indictors, methods and factors, and illustrated the reference of well land utilization, aiming at fostering urbanization in China.     

简析土地行政公益诉讼制度的设立

分析了土地行政公益诉讼制度的内涵与特征,阐释了设立土地行政公益诉讼制度的法律依据,明确设立土地行政公益诉讼制度的意义。     

Hydraulic conductivity and porosity under conventional and no-tillage and the effect of three species of cover crop in northern France

We studied soil hydraulic conductivity (K) and porosity in five combinations of soil tillage and cover crop management systems. Treatments were winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) grown on a conventionally tilled soil (CT), on a no‐till soil (NT), and on an NT with three different cover crops: red fescue (Festuca rubra L.; Fr), bird's‐foot‐trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.; Lc) and alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.; Ms). Measurements were made on a loamy soil in Grignon, France, in November 2004, May 2005 and October 2005. K and mean size of hydraulically active pores were measured in situ at three water potentials (?0.6, ?0.2 and ?0.05 kPa) at the soil surface and at 10 cm depth. In November 2004 and May 2005, pore space was described using 2D image analysis of pores on undisturbed soil samples in the 0–10 cm layer and in the 10–20 cm layer. The major differences were caused by soil tillage that created two heterogeneous soil layers and increased K in the 0–10 cm layer relative to NT. The effects of cover crop on K and porosity were not affected by the root type: there were no major differences between the grass cover crop (fibrous‐root type) and the leguminous ones (tap‐root type). However, we recorded larger functional pores and more tubules in the no‐till treatments with a cover crop, compared with the no‐till treatment without cover crop; this was probably the result of root activity. Although these changes generally did not result in larger values of K, they participated in the maintenance of soil structure and K over time.     

土地征收中公共利益界定研究综述

从公共利益的概念界定现状、界定中存在的问题和界定的完善探索等3个方面对土地征收中的公共利益界定进行深入的探讨,对相关文献进行综述,为土地征收中公共利益界定提供参考。     

北方城市地被植物应用质量评价方法探讨

根据地被植物固有的特征和北方城市配置应用特点,将地被植物分为基础型地被、骨干型地被和点缀型地被3类。运用频数统计法选择株高、生育期、观赏价值、绿色期、覆盖力、生长势、适应性、养护频度8项指标,构建了地被植物外观质量、生态质量和使用质量3大指标体系。制定评价标准,采用综合指数评价法,验证地被植物的质量等级。通过实例分析验证,该质量评价指标体系和评价方法具有较强的科学性和可操作性,评价结果符合客观实际,对于北方城市地被植物的评价选择应用,具有普遍的适应性和推广价值。     

Spatial variability and change in soil organic carbon stocks in response to recovery following land abandonment and erosion in mountainous drylands

This research investigates the impact of human activities on carbon (C) dynamics in a mountainous and semi‐arid environment. Despite the low C status of drylands, soil organic carbon (SOC) is the largest C pool in these systems and therefore may offer significant C sequestration potential in systems recovering from degradation. Nevertheless, quantification of this potential is limited by lack of knowledge concerning the magnitude of and controls on regional SOC stocks. Therefore, this study aimed to (i) investigate the variability of soil organic carbon in relation to recovery period and key soil and topographical variables, and (ii) quantify the effects of recovery period following abandonment on SOC stocks. Soil profiles were sampled in the Sierra de los Filabres (southeast Spain) in different land units along geomorphic and degradation gradients. SOC contents were modelled using recovery period and soil and topographical variables. Sample depth, topographic position, altitude, recovery period and stone content were identified as the main factors for predicting SOC concentrations. SOC stocks in 1 m depth of soil varied between 3.16 and 76.44 t/ha. Recovery period (years since abandonment), topographic position and altitude were used to predict and map SOC stocks in the top 0.2 m. The results show that C accumulates rapidly during the first 10–50 yr following abandonment; thereafter, the stocks evolve towards a steady‐state level. The erosion zones in the study area demonstrate greater potential to increase their SOC stocks when abandoned. Deposition zones have greater SOC values, although their C accumulation rate is lower compared with erosional landscapes in the first 10–50 yr following abandonment. Therefore, full understanding of the C sequestration potential of land use change in areas of complex topography requires knowledge of spatial variability in soil properties and in particular SOC.     

The influence of instream cover and predation risk on microhabitat selection of stone loach Barbatula barbatula (L.)

Abstract— The microhabitat selection of stone loach ( Barbatula barbatula ) in relation to instream cover and predation risk was investigated in artificial streams. In one experiment, stone loach were presented different combinations of shelter structures, two at a time, that provided visual isolation, flow refuge, both, or none. In all cases, visual isolation shelters were selected by the fish, with little use of clear shelters and no apparent selection of flow refuges. In a second experiment, diel activity patterns and habitat selection of stone loach were measured when visual isolation structures were placed in the riffle only, pool only, both riffle and pool or in no habitat. Stone loach were marked with passive integrated transponder tags and a sensor plate was placed between the riffle and pool habitats to measure diel activity patterns. Habitat use was measured by releasing drop gates between the two habitats at the end of each trial. More stone loach used the pool than the riffle in all treatments, but use of the riffle increased when cover was present only there. Furthermore, stone loach were most active between 2100 and 0300. To determine the effect of predation threat on habitat use by stone loach, one adult brown trout ( Salmo trutta ) was added to each pool. The presence of trout caused stone loach to move into the riffle, especially the smaller loach. Overall, the study showed that stone loach used cover in a visual isolation context, preferring deeper water when there was no predation risk, but made more use of shallower water in the presence of brown trout.     

玉米生长与地面覆盖栽培试验

在广州秋播玉米采用稻草覆盖与地膜覆盖和无覆盖相比，稻草覆盖的玉米产量和穗行数性状明显优越，穗长，行粒数，穗粗，千料重等性状也有较好的趋势。稻草和黑色地膜覆盖，均可减少杂草萌发，稻草覆盖处理中萌发的杂草，仍然会不断生长，但个体数量已大大减少。