贵州省退耕还林与农村经济发展研究

通过对贵州省贞丰、桐梓、锦屏等若干县市林业生态建设监理、检查、造林实绩核查等工作的实践和研究，认为退耕还林工程与农村经济发展相结合，目前应加强以下工作：选择林业主导产业；林产业时间、空间的合理布局；树种、林种的结构优化；林业体制创新；实施相关配套工程。     

基于灰色关联分析方法的区域土地利用变化研究

通过分析其土地利用现状特点、土地利用中存在的问题,采用灰色关联分析方法,找出区域土地利用变化的主要因素,并对土地资源可持续利用提出建议。     

以鄠邑区为例的基数转换要点研究

随着各级国土空间总体规划工作的推进,明确各地现状数据的工作日渐紧迫。以三调为基础的现状数据不能满足和符合国土空间总体规划的工作要求,所以在三调基础上科学准确的衔接规划编制所需的空间关联信息和现状数据,形成科学、准确的现状底图是保证空间规划编制科学有效的基础。因三调数据与其他关联数据在坐标、分类等方面存在差异,因此需要对其进行分类转换。本文在梳理三调工作分类和规划用途分类对应关系的基础上,以鄠邑区为例,对具体实践中遇到的主要问题提出相关建议。     

Temporal trends in reproductive performance in Irish dairy herds and associated risk factors

: Irish dairy herd fertility has been declining since the 1980s. The extent, nature and causes of this decline in fertility and the current status of Irish dairy herd fertility were described. An increase in calving interval of approximately one day per year has been recorded. The principal components of this trend have been an increased incidence of postpartum endocrinopathies, reduced expression of oestrus and a fall in conception rate. Both submission rate and calving-to-service interval have increased slightly over time. Significant risk factors associated with these trends have been strain substitution within the Holstein-Friesian breed and single trait selection for milk production. Critically, these changes have been reflected in loss of body condition. Contributory factors included increased herd size and possibly increased use of DIYAI. The most recent Irish study showed that 48% of cows conceived to first service and 14% of cows were not pregnant at the end of the industry-average 15-week spring breeding season. However, the top quartile of herds achieved a first-service conception rate of 59%, illustrating the wide variation between herds. These phenotypic trends were attributed to both genetic and environmental factors and their interactions. Recent Irish dairy herd fertility performance falls short of the targets set for seasonal compact calving.     

石河子市土地利用结构评价

对石河子市土地利用结构进行了评价。结果表明,石河子市正处于经济发展的加速阶段,城市化进程还在加快,土地利用结构也处于不断变化之中。同时分析了石河子市土地利用结构存在的问题。     

人工种草与科尔沁沙地农业发展前景

本研究以7年制粮草轮作形式,自1985－1991年,在科尔沁沙地中南部风沙土地区,探讨了种草养地,养畜,提高农业,发展牧业的关系,结果表明,在一个轮作周期中,人工种草年hm^2鲜草13350．15kg,粮食平均每hm^2产5827．35kg,可饲用牧草和秸秆量2513．5kg,分别比对照增产123．97％,109．5％和103．76％,载畜量可提高一倍,同时,饲草和粮食生产成本下降50％。试验表明,种植豆科牧草是一项养地,兴农,促牧的生物养地措施,也是符合高产,高效,低成本现代农业的要求,是科尔沁沙地值得提倡和推广,并具有发展潜力的好办法。     

行比对不同豆禾间作模式产量与品质的影响

豆禾间作是有效提高土地利用率的方式,有利于缓解江淮地区草地面积不足的情况。本研究在2017-2018年,通过对五个播种比例下的金花菜（Medicago polymorpha L.）+燕麦（Avena sativa L.）间作与箭筈豌豆（Vicia sativa L.）+燕麦间作进行比较;通过其产量及营养价值等数据评价其优劣。结果表明,箭筈豌豆与燕麦比例3.3：8的间作具有最高总干草产量,为1 595.72 g·m^-2。金花菜与燕麦比例6.6：4的间作具有最高的土地当量比和土地利用率,分别为1.36和132.58%,且总干草产量第二。竞争力指数表明金花菜的种群竞争力要高于箭筈豌豆。在营养价值方面,金花菜+燕麦间作更具优势;燕麦与金花菜间作后的粗蛋白含量达到13.88%~14.09%,高于箭筈豌豆间作中的13.19%~13.44%。综合来看,两种间作模式各有优劣,以燕麦产量为导向时,箭筈豌豆+燕麦比例为6.6：4和3.3：8的间作模式更优;而若是只考虑最高的土地利用率,则金花菜+燕麦比例为6.6：4的间作模式更优。     

浅谈油气管道完整性管理模式

本文基于国内外油气管道完整性管理(PIM)成果的基础,从数据收集和研究、高后果区分析、完整性评估、管道检测与执行、管道维护修复、效能分析等方面进行具体PIM描述,从体系文件、标准规范、系统平台、支持技术、实施应用五个层面构建PIM管理体系框架。     

Plant Species Composition and Forage Production 14 Yr After Biosolids Application and Grazing Exclusion

This paper examines the effects of a single surface application of biosolids (at 20 dry Mg ha^{? 1}) on plant species composition, forage quality and quantity, and C stocks after 14 yr of rest in rangelands of the Central Interior of British Columbia. More than two times the aboveground biomass of grasses and the percent cover of plant litter were found in the biosolids treatment relative to the control, along with reductions in bare soil and microbiotic crust cover. Significantly greater plant uptake of all macronutrients (C, N, P, K, S, Ca, and Mg); most micronutrients (B, Cu, Mn, Mo, and Zn); and Al occurred in the biosolids treatment. P and Cu were the only two nutrients to be more concentrated in the biosolids-treated forage relative to the control forage, while N, Mg, and protein were more concentrated in the control forage. No significant difference in forage digestibility was found between biosolids and control treatments. Bluebunch wheatgrass, the late-seral native grass species, had significantly increased cover and aboveground biomass in the biosolids treatment relative to the control; however, between 2006 and 2016, non-native Kentucky bluegrass had reached > 25% cover in the biosolids plots, perhaps restricting the full recovery of bluebunch wheatgrass. Our findings indicate that biosolids application to ungrazed rangeland can increase long-term forage production and reduce bare soil. However, at our study site biosolids application also led to a long-term shift in the plant community composition away from the late-seral (i.e., bluebunch wheatgrass) trajectory, and the effects of this shift on rangeland health and productivity require further investigation.     

陕西省动物研究所馆藏标本现状及分析

陕西省动物研究所现有馆藏标本5万余份,是秦岭地区野生动物保护及研究的重要参考资料。为加强标本管理,提高标本使用效率,我们在2008年4月至2009年6月对所内馆藏标本进行了系统分类整理,分析总结了馆藏标本的现实状况并就存在的问题进行了探讨,为标本数字化共享平台建设奠定了基础,并为今后科研院校在动物学研究领域的交流与合作奠定基础。