Soybean Nodule Development and Nitrogenase Activity During the Reproductive Phase: Statistical Modeling Approach

Nitrogenase activity during the reproductive phase of the Hodgson 78 soybean variety was tested in a growth chamber experiment to evaluate its relationships with number, weight and specific nitrogenase activity of the nodules. A multiple regression model is proposed.
The number of nodules did not change, while the total nodule dry weight increased with the increase of the average dry weight.
The regression model adopted showed that the main factors affecting the total nitrogenase activity were the specific activity and the nodule mass, but the former induces the wider variations.
Unlike other crops the counting of the nodules cannot be considered as an indirect predictor for nitrogen fixation.     

黄钩蛱蝶生物学的初步研究

黄钩蛱蝶是药用植物葎草的重要食叶害虫.在南昌一年发生5代为主,部分6代,少数7代,世代重迭,以未交配的成虫过冬.10月初羽化的成虫,当年不再交配和产卵,故越冬成虫即包含了五六七代成虫.受高温干旱的影响,夏季和秋初雌虫的产卵量及卵的孵化率明显低于春季和夏初.因此五六月份为全年发生的为害烈期.     

基于不定芽原位诱导的大豆转基因方法

建立了一种新型农杆菌介导的大豆转基因方法(专利公开号:102181479A),以萌发大豆为外植体,最大限度地保持了大豆植株的完整性,在非无菌环境下进行转化,利用草丁膦筛选阳性植株。该方法不需要组织培养,脱离了传统组培的限制。对16个大豆基因型进行转化,经PCR、RT-PCR、qPCR和GUS染色鉴定转基因株系,平均转化率为23%。获得当代转基因植株接近实生苗,收获种子仅需3～4个月。该方法将有利于促进大豆基因功能研究和规模化转化。     

基肥对中药材广金钱草植株生长的影响及效益分析

为了探讨施基肥对广金钱草植株生长、产量及效益的影响.采用施用鸡粪和鸡粪加复合肥进行广金钱草种植试验.结果表明:施基肥的处理与对照相比,植株主茎平均多长6.2～21.3cm、分枝多3.9～13.5条,药材产量每平方米增产最少为82.7 g,最多达422.4g以每平方米施鸡粪6 kg的处理效果最佳,植株主茎最长、分技最多、产量最高,投入产出比最高(1:5.28).基肥能极大促进广金钱草植株生长和增加分枝,显著提高药材产量及效益.     

海南树仔菜中镉含量测定及质量安全风险评估

用石墨炉原子吸收法测定采自海南几个市县栽培的树仔菜样品中镉含量.结果表明,测定的25个树仔菜样品镉含量均低于食品中污染物限量国家标准(GB 2762-2005)的0.2 mg·kg~(-1),其中有5个样品镉含量低于无公害蔬菜安全标准(GB18406.1-2001)0.05 mg·kg~(-1).依据国家有关标准,结合国内外大量的文献资料报告,按照危害识别、危害描述、暴露评估和风险描述四个步骤进行质量安全风险评估,评估结果为:海南树仔菜中镉的质量安全风险尚不足以造成对人体健康的危害.     

In vitro culture of immature embryos from Koelreuteria bipinnata var. integrifoliola

For the mass production of Koelreuteria bipinnata var. integrifoliola with selected, hybrid or genetically engineered genotypes, one potentially desirable propagation strategy is based on embryo culture. The immature embryo development in vitro from K. bipinnata var. integrifoliola was studied under different conditions of embryo age, basic culture media and plant growth regulators. The results show that: 1) germination rate of grade 3 embryos in immature seeds with 0.6–0.8 cm diameter was 98.9%. The germination rate of grade 2 embryos in immature seeds with 0.4–0.6 cm diameter was 77.8% and the germination rate of grade 1 embryos in immature seeds with 0.4 cm diameter was 15.6%. 2) The amounts of macroelements in MS medium had no clear effect on the germination rate of immature grade 3 embryos and had a modest effect on plantlet growth, where the best medium was MS or 1/2 MS. The rates were all greater than 90%. 3) The germination rate of grade 3 embryos was greater than 87% when the medium contained a low concentration of NAA or no plant growth regulators at all and decreased markedly when BAP alone or BAP and NAA together were added to the media. We suggest that in vitro culture of immature embryos from K. bipinnata var. integrifoliola can be enhanced when a small amount of plant growth regulators is added. The addition of BAP has an adverse reaction to the germination and development of immature embryos.     

中华青牛胆扦插繁育试验研究

[目的]为中华青牛胆的扦插育苗提供理论依据。[方法]以野生中华青牛胆1年生健壮枝为插穗,设置3个因素(扦插基质、激素、插穗粗度)3个水平的正交试验。研究不同处理对中华青牛胆生根率、生根量以及根长度的影响。[结果]不同因素对中华青牛胆扦插生根率的影响依次为ABT 1号生根粉>基质>插穗直径。影响中华青牛胆插穗单株平均根长的主要因素是基质,以黄心土+河沙混合基质为最好;插穗直径的影响最小。影响插穗生根量的主要因素是插穗直径,插穗粗度以15.0 mm最佳,其次是基质和ABT号生根粉。[结论]中华青牛胆的扦插育苗最佳处理组合为(黄心土+河沙)+ABT 1号生根粉200 mg/L+插穗直径15.0 mm;(黄心土+河沙)+ABT1号生根粉100 mg/L+插穗直径15.0 mm。     

大孔吸附树脂分离纯化葎草总黄酮的工艺研究

目的研究大孔吸附树脂纯化葎草总黄酮的工艺.方法采用D101、HPD300、HPD400、AB-8大孔吸附树脂时葎草总黄酮进行吸附纯化.以总黄酮的收率、质量分数为考察指标综合评价.结果AB-8大孔吸附树脂具有最佳的吸附洗脱参数.其动态饱和吸附-洗脱量达42.3mg/g,5倍体积蒸馏水、6倍体积50%乙醇依次洗脱,总黄酮收率为90%,质量分数为85%.结论 AB-8大孔吸附树脂对总黄酮综合性能较好,适合于葎草总黄酮的分离纯化.     

获得转反义PEP基因超高油大豆新材料

利用基因工程技术进行植物高油育种,是当前国际上植物基因工程研究的热点之一.大豆是世界上植物油和植物蛋白质最重要的来源,随着人们生活水平的不断提高和养殖业的迅速发展,我国高油大豆需求量急剧增加.在不增加大豆面积的前提下,提高单位面积含油量的重要手段之一就是培育栽培高油大豆品种.由此,从2000年作者利用农杆菌介导法将反义PEP基因导入大豆的基因组,相继获得了转基因大豆植株,经多代连续筛选、鉴定,获得了稳定的超高油（脂肪25%）大豆品系.本研究首次报道利用基因工程手段大幅度提高大豆含油量.     

大豆菌核病田间快速接种鉴定方法研究

【目的】在大田环境下建立快速有效的大豆菌核病田间接种鉴定方法,为大豆抗菌核病育种服务。【方法】采用收集不同地区和寄主来源的菌核病分离物,经PDA培养基再生培养,再接种麦粒形成麦粒接种体,利用微创结合锡箔纸捆绑麦粒接种体的方法建立大豆菌核病田间接种鉴定方法。【结果】不同大豆种质间的病情指数和病斑长度存在显著差异,不同分离物间的病情指数和病斑长度也存在显著差异,而重复间的病情指数和病斑长度差异不显著,病斑长度与病情指数呈极显著正相关(r=0.8301,P0.0001)。【结论】该大豆菌核病田间接种鉴定方法能够有效地对大豆菌核病分离物的致病性和大豆植株抗性进行鉴定和筛选,可用于大豆抗菌核病育种。