中浙优8号在平和县种植表现及高产栽培技术

中浙优8号系中国水稻研究所与浙江省种子公司合作育成的优质杂交稻新品种。在平和县试种及省级万亩粮油高产创建晚稻示范种植中,表现分蘖强、长势好、抗性强、产量高、米质优等特点。主要介绍中浙优8号在平和县的种植表现及高产栽培技术。     

茶黄素与EGCG抑制体内外β-淀粉样蛋白1-42水平及其诱导的神经细胞氧化损伤

通过模拟生理条件体外实验,将β-淀粉样蛋白1-42(Aβ42)与EGCG和4种茶黄素单体分别按照1︰1和1︰5比例进行孵育,采用硫黄素T荧光检测β-折叠结构的生成量,结果表明,EGCG与茶黄素均能明显降低β-折叠结构生成,从而抑制Aβ42聚集;此外,通过建立20μmol·L~(-1) Aβ42诱导人神经母细胞瘤SH-SY5Y细胞损伤模型,将不同浓度的EGCG或茶黄素(10、50、100μmol·L~(-1))处理后,MTT法检测细胞存活率,同时,检测细胞内活性氧(ROS)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)及丙二醛(MDA)等抗氧化指标,结果表明,EGCG与茶黄素可抑制因Aβ42诱导SH-SY5Y细胞活力下降及氧化损伤。体内实验中,通过10mg·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)的EGCG或茶黄素处理快速老化模型小鼠(SAMP8),10周后检测小鼠血清Aβ42及晚期糖基化终末产物(AGEs)含量,结果表明,EGCG和茶黄素可显著降低SAMP8小鼠血清中Aβ42及AGEs含量。本研究表明了茶黄素和EGCG可抑制Aβ42聚集纤维化及Aβ42导致的神经氧化损伤,从而对阿尔茨海默病具有一定保护作用。     

Comparative efficiency of chemical compounds for in vitro and in vivo activity against Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis, the causal agent of tomato bacterial canker

Bacterial canker of tomato caused by Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis produces considerable economic losses in many countries because effective control measures are lacking. The extent to which bactericides control this disease effectively is low and has not yet been well documented for Southern European conditions. In this study the bactericidal effect of several products on this pathogen was assessed in vitro and in vivo in tomato plants under greenhouse conditions. Seven antibacterial substances (bronopol, copper sulphate, kasugamycin, oxolinic acid, oxytetracycline, streptomycin and 8-hydroxy-quinoline), three commercial formulates (Antibak RZ, an oligoelements mixture containing copper plus zinc; Orthopol, a potassium soap; and Param, a resistance inductor) and combinations thereof were tested. In vitro assessment showed that minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of antibacterial substances was between 4–8 μg ml⁻¹, except for copper sulphate with a MIC value of 150 μg ml⁻¹ and kasugamycin, which was not active at 500 μg ml⁻¹. MIC values of commercial formulates ranged between 5 and 40 μl ml⁻¹. Furthermore, combinations of 8-hydroxy-quinoline+copper sulphate, 8-hydroxy-quinoline+Antibak RZ, streptomycin+Antibak RZ and streptomycin+Orthopol showed a synergistic effect at sub-inhibitory concentrations. Treatments containing copper sulphate greatly reduced disease symptoms on plants sprayed with the bacteria, whereas streptomycin was less effective. In two independent trials, the percentage of leaves showing symptoms was significantly lower (2.4% and 11.9%) after treatment with copper sulphate combined with 8-hydroxy-quinoline at half-dose, than in inoculated controls (75.1% and 59.6%). These results were better than copper sulphate alone. However, plants inoculated by pricking rapidly developed systemic infection, which no product managed to control significantly, although several treatments did reduce symptoms. We conclude that copper sulphate combined with 8-hydroxy-quinoline may be useful in controlling external symptoms of this disease in greenhouses, and is environmentally friendly, reducing the amount of copper applied to crops.     

强抗寒冬油菜新品种天油8号选育报告

冬油菜新品种天油8号是天水市农业科学研究所以甘蓝型油菜品种郑油杂1号为母本、当地白菜型冬油菜品种天油1号为父本杂交选育而成。在2006—2009年甘肃省冬油菜山旱地区域试验中,折合平均产量2 612.55 kg/hm2,较对照品种天油4号平均增产11.61%。该品种抗寒耐旱、丰产性好、适应性广,籽粒含油率41.17%,油酸17.22%、亚油酸16.04%、芥酸43.43%、硫甙46.49μmol/g。适宜在甘肃省东部和中部干旱、半干旱、二阴山区及部分西部地区同类型生态区域大面积推广种植,也可在山西、河北、辽宁、内蒙古等地示范种植。     

基因枪介导的转 TaGAPDH8基因小麦的获得与鉴定

甘油醛-3-磷酸脱氢酶(glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase,GAPDH)是参与糖酵解和糖异生途径的关键酶之一,在维持细胞能量供应和植物抗逆性方面具有重要作用。本研究以耐旱型小麦品种长武134及干旱敏感型小麦品种郑引1号为材料,利用基因枪法将 TaGAPDH8基因分别转化这两种小麦的幼胚愈伤组织,经潮霉素筛选和PCR鉴定,最终得到4个下调表达的长武134株系(CW134-3、CW134-6、CW134-12、CW134-13)和8个上调表达的郑引1号株系(ZY1-1、ZY1-3、ZY1-4、ZY1-9、ZY1-10、ZY1-14、ZY1-15、ZY1-17)。对生长于大田的T_2代转基因植株在乳熟期的生长状况进行了测定,获得了与对照相比有明显表型差异的植株。用实时荧光定量PCR(qRT-PCR)技术测定了T_3代小麦株系中 TaGAPDH8的表达量,结果表明,4个长武134株系中 TaGAPDH8基因的表达量分别为对照的0.53、0.75、0.21和0.78倍,而8个郑引1号株系中目的基因的表达量分别为对照的3.02、1.22、2.15、1.36、4.02、1.87、1.48和1.97倍。本研究获得了与对照存在明显表型差异的T_2代及稳定遗传目的基因的T_3代小麦株系,为后续的试验提供了研究材料和基础。     

橡胶树优良品种热研8—333的选育

热研８－３３３是一个早熟高产、干胶含量较高,并有一定抗寒力的橡胶树优良新品种。在高比区,其干胶产量在第３割年就高达 ５．８２ｋｇ／株和 ２ ６２７ ｋｇ／ｈｍ２,第 １～７割年平均年产干胶４．９９ ｋｇ／株和 ２ １７２ ｋｇ／ｈｍ２,分别比对照 ＲＲＩＭ６００增产 ５７．９％和 ７２．２％。在海南农垦１９９８年橡胶树优良品种汇评中被评为中规模推广级,可在海南中西部中风区推广种植。      

Oat β-glucan-amylodextrins: Preliminary preparations and biological properties

Amylodextrins with soluble -glucan contents from 1 to 10% were prepared from oats and the hypocholesterolemic properties of the latter were evaluated. The products are called OATRIM and can lower blood cholesterol by replacing animal fats rich in cholesterol in food products and, possibly, by the action of -glucan in the body after consumption. In the chick model, decreased total blood cholesterol also resulted in increases of HDL cholesterol and decreases of LDL cholesterol. Processing conditions were found that gave the maximum amount of -glucan and desirable fat-replacement qualities with the least amount of color and flavor.The mention of firm names or trade products does not imply that they are endorsed or recommended by the US Department of Agriculture over other firms or similar products not mentioned.     

双低三系杂交油菜秦优8号选育

秦优8号为甘蓝型油菜细胞质雄性不育三系中早熟杂交种。陕西省区试平均产量为3036．5kg／hm^2,生产试验平均产量为2845．7kg／hm^2,比对照秦油2号增产4．20％。2002年参加黄淮区油菜区试平均产量2542．0kg／hm^2,比对照秦油2号增产3．02％。品质优良,芥酸含量0．27％～0．44％,硫甙含量21．41～24．64μmol／g,含油率39．9％～40．9％。     

中浙优8号在武夷山种植表现及高产栽培技术

中浙优8号是中国水稻研究所与浙江勿忘农种业股份有限公司合作,用优质不育系中浙A与恢复系T-8配组选育的优质三系杂交稻新品种。2010年引进武夷山市种植,表现株型挺拔、穗大粒多、产量高、米质优。介绍了该品种在武夷山市的种植表现及高产栽培技术。     

木薯新品种华南8号在琼中县的应用推广

海南省琼中县2007～2008年的木薯新品种区域试验,以及2008～2011年的示范推广结果表明,华南8号的鲜薯产量、鲜薯淀粉含量和淀粉产量优于新近推广品种华南5号(CK2),而华南5号又优于传统老品种华南205(CK1),华南8号广受农民和企业的欢迎。目前,华南8号已占琼中县木薯收获总面积的15.4%。