晋麦60号生物学特性及高产栽培技术研究

晋麦 6 0号分蘖力强 ,为两次分蘖高峰型 ;幼穗分化前期慢 ,后期快 ,器官建成期短 ;子粒灌浆进程呈现“慢—快—慢”的特点。栽培技术应以稳定穗数、提高粒数和粒重为中心 ;采用常量精细播种技术 ,创建合理优质群体 ;科学用水 ,平衡施肥 ,实行“三喷” ,防病治虫 ,增加粒重 ,能够实现82 50～ 90 0 0kg/hm2 的产量指标     

龙眼DlWRKY57基因克隆与拟南芥遗传转化

以龙眼成熟叶片为材料,利用实验室构建的龙眼转录组数据库,筛选出DlWRKY57基因cDNA序列,对其开放阅读框(ORF)进行克隆和生物信息学分析.结果表明,DlWRKY57基因ORF长度为894bp,编码297个氨基酸,此蛋白属于WRKY基因家族中的Ⅱa类,存在1个WRKY结合位点.通过生物信息学分析表明,该蛋白属于非...     

The Northern Ireland Phytophthora infestans population 1998–2002 characterized by genotypic and phenotypic markers

A total of 204 isolates of Phytophthora infestans from Northern Ireland, almost all from commercial potato crops, were collected over 5 years (1998–2002). Phenotypic diversity was assessed using mating type and metalaxyl resistance; genotypic diversity was assessed using two allozyme loci (glucose-6-phosphate isomerase, Gpi, and peptidase, Pep ), mitochondrial DNA haplotype and the multilocus RFLP probe RG57. All isolates were A1 mating type and Gpi 100/100 . The majority were Pep 100/100 , but four Pep 83/100 and six Pep 96/100 isolates were identified. Three mtDNA haplotypes were detected; haplotype IIa was the most common, but each year up to 2001 its frequency declined, with a concomitant increase in Ia isolates. Three isolates had the rare haplotype IIb, but this was only detected in 1998. Metalaxyl resistance and mtDNA haplotype were markedly associated: most haplotype Ia isolates were metalaxyl-resistant, whereas haplotype IIa was more commonly associated with metalaxyl sensitivity. Analysis of a subsample of 91 isolates revealed nine RG57 genotypes, three associated exclusively with haplotype IIa and six exclusively with haplotype Ia. The most common RG57 genotype (51% of isolates) comprised both metalaxyl-resistant and -sensitive haplotype IIa isolates. However, of haplotype Ia isolates, all metalaxyl-resistant phenotypes belonged to one of four RG57 types, one of which was the second most frequent overall (29% of isolates), while all metalaxyl-sensitive isolates belonged to one of two other types. The P. infestans population in Northern Ireland appears to consist of a limited number of clones related to, but differentiated from, the populations in mainland Britain and elsewhere in Europe.     

不同茎蘖苗和栽插密度对协优57产量及其主要经济性状的影响

通过三因素的随机区组分析 ,得出组合、密度、不同茎蘖苗、组合×不同茎蘖苗、密度×不同茎蘖苗、组合×密度×不同茎蘖苗之间差异均达极显著水平。且不同茎蘖苗对产量的影响最大。组合以协优 5 7的产量较高 ,密度和秧苗素质以 2 2 .5万穴 /hm2 和 3个茎蘖苗的产量较高 ;组合×不同茎蘖苗以汕优 6 3在茎蘖苗为 3个时产量较高 ,而协优 5 7因其成穗率高 ,穗子大 ,在不同的茎蘖苗下均能获得较高产量 ,说明其适应性强     

Newly developed primers for the detection of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis

Recent publications reported the existence of IS900 like sequences in mycobacteria different from Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (Map). The primers used for IS900 detection of Map have amplified these sequences causing false positive results. In this study, we have developed two new PCR assays for the detection of Map. The first assay is based on the IS900 sequence using primers different from the ones previously reported, the second assay on the f57 sequence. The specificity of the tests was checked by analysis of 190 mycobacterial isolates (74 Map and 116 non-Map isolates). All Map strains were positive and all non-Map strains were negative. Serial dilutions of Map bacteria were used to assess the sensitivity of the assays. We achieved a sensitivity of 1 CFU per PCR for both assays. In addition, a PCR-simulating computer programme was used to evaluate the specificity of the new IS900 primers.

The combination of the two PCR assays has proven to be useful for the identification of Map but validation on a large range of clinical samples still needs to be done.     

春秋兼用蚕品种57A·57B、24·46的育成及其四元杂交种的选配

采用杂交育种方法,在春、夏、秋不同环境下定向培育,经严格的后代选择,育成二个中系限性品种57A、57B和二个日系品种24、46,然后运用杂种强势的原理,选配成四元杂交种57A·57B×24·46.经多次鉴定结果表明,该四元杂交种的产量、产值比对照种提高3—4%;且体质强健,对叶质要求不高,制种较容易,丝质优良,是春秋兼用的优良蚕品种.     

晋麦57号选育研究

晋麦 57号的选育以抗耐旱为主要抗逆保证 ,高稳广适优质中早熟为育种目标 ,性状互补共增为原则组配亲本 ,以稳定穗数 ,提高粒重为模式调整产量结构 ,重视高光效的根茎叶穗理想株型和源流库生理协调的生长发育特性 ,保证综合抗性。采取及早产量测评 ,异地多点适应性鉴定以及在适当稀播的大田密度下选穗 ,全生育期系统观察等选择方法 ,使育成品种晋麦 57号表现高产稳产增幅大 ,抗旱抗青干能力强 ,品质优良 ,综合农艺性状好。     

优质谷新品种‘晋谷57号’的选育及推广应用

本研究旨在选育具有优质、高产、抗病、适应性广、适于优质米开发的谷子新品种,并配套简化栽培技术应用于生产。山西农科院经济作物研究所以‘沁州黄’为母本,以‘晋谷21号’为父本,利用化学杀雄技术进行杂交[1],选育出优质谷子新品种‘晋汾96’,并对其栽培技术进行研究。2013年7月‘晋汾96’通过山西省农作物评审委员会审定,定名为‘晋谷57号’,审定编号为:晋审谷(认)2013003;并研究制定出其高产高效配套栽培技术。‘晋谷57号’具有优质、高产、抗逆性强、适应性广等特性,2014—2015年累计推广面积达40933 hm~2。新品种的育成和推广应用对发展山西省旱作农业生产、推动农村经济发展和农民致富具有重要作用。     

大豆GmHDL57基因的克隆及抗盐功能鉴定

HD-Zip I类转录因子在植物抵御非生物胁迫过程中发挥重要功能, 本研究克隆得到1个大豆HD-Zip I类基因GmHDL57 (Glycine max homeodomain-leucine zipper protein 57)。序列分析表明, GmHDL57基因包含1个1038 bp的开放读码框, 编码345个氨基酸, 具有HD-Zip类家族蛋白典型的保守结构域。基因时空表达分析表明, 大豆GmHDL57基因在大豆植株的各个不同时期及不同器官中均有表达, 在花中表达量最高。采用实时荧光定量PCR技术分析了4种非生物胁迫(脱落酸、NaCl、PEG、冷)对幼苗期大豆根中GmHDL57基因表达的影响。结果表明, 该基因表达量受高盐胁迫诱导显著升高, 在脱落酸及干旱胁迫下上升幅度较小, 但在冷胁迫下呈下降趋势。盐胁迫前后GmHDL57基因在根中的表达量明显高于茎和叶, 在盐胁迫48 h时达到峰值, 72 h和96 h时表达量缓慢下降。此外, 构建GmHDL57基因的植物超表达载体, 利用根癌农杆菌转化法获得转基因百脉根, 200 mmol L ^-1 NaCl处理条件下, 转基因百脉根的株高、根长、叶绿素含量、根系活力以及阳离子K ⁺、Ca ²⁺含量显著高于野生型, 而丙二醛含量、相对质膜透性以及Na ⁺的含量明显低于野生型。以上研究结果表明, GmHDL57基因参与了大豆对非生物胁迫的应答过程, 过量表达GmHDL57基因能够显著提高百脉根的抗盐能力。