日本樱花褐斑穿孔病的发生和防治

日本樱花褐斑穿孔病主要危害樱花叶片,致使叶片大量提早脱落,严重影响树势。发病期在4～9月,7、8月发病率增加,9月病叶大量脱落。65％代森锌、75％百菌清（科能）、75％百菌清（达科宁）、50％多菌灵4种农药防治樱花褐斑穿孔病,4月底开始喷药,10d左右1次,共喷4次,防治效果分别达95．1％、91．0％、86．3％、76．1％,可以在生产中推广应用。     

H_2O_2在外源GA_4解除果梅季节性休眠中的信号作用

以GA_4处理的果梅休眠芽和转PmRGL2基因杨树叶片为材料,通过测定H_2O_2含量、抗氧化酶类活性及其编码基因和信号转导相关基因表达的变化,分析了H_2O_2在外源GA_4解除果梅休眠中的信号作用。结果表明:GA_4处理的果梅花芽的萌芽率显著高于对照,且H_2O_2含量在休眠解除时达到峰值,信号转导相关基因表达发生规律性变化;‘桃形梅’和‘丰后’的需冷量分别为574 CH(低温小时数Chilling hours)和1 108 CH,休眠解除前后,两品种叶芽中的H_2O_2含量没有显著差异,但需冷量低的‘桃形梅’具有更高的抗氧化酶类活性;转Pm RGL2杨树中NADPHoxi下调表达,有利于使H_2O_2含量维持在较低水平,并对赤霉素合成及信号转导相关基因的表达产生影响,而抗氧化酶类活性及其编码基因的表达量上升。推测GA_4通过调控抗氧化酶类活性而影响H_2O_2含量的变化,并引起上下游多种信号相关基因表达水平的变化,最终对休眠解除起作用。     

Sporadic endemicity of zoonotic Paragonimus in raccoon dogs and Japanese badgers from Miyazaki Prefecture,Japan

Paragonimiasis is a zoonotic trematode infection caused by Paragonimus spp. To determine the recent status of Paragonimus infections in wild animals, this study investigated Paragonimus spp. in 39 raccoon dogs and 54 Japanese badgers from March 2019 to January 2021 in Miyazaki Prefecture, and examined metacercariae in freshwater crabs. Triploid P. westermani was found in one raccoon dog (2.6%), and metacercariae were recovered from Eriocheir japonica captured near the infected animal collected. One Japanese badger (1.9%) harbored P. skrjabini miyazakii; this prevalence was lower than the approximately 30% that was reported in the 1970s. Results indicated that zoonotic Paragonimus was sporadically prevalent in wild animals. Further investigation in various animals is awaited to elucidate current wildlife reservoirs for those Paragonimus.     

GM1 gangliosidosis in a Japanese domestic cat: a new variant identified in Hokkaido,Japan

A male Japanese domestic cat with retarded growth in Hokkaido, Japan, showed progressive motor dysfunction, such as ataxia starting at 3 months of age and tremors, visual disorder and seizure after 4 months of age. Finally, the cat died of neurological deterioration at 9 months of age. Approximately half of the peripheral blood lymphocytes had multiple abnormal vacuoles. Magnetic resonance imaging showed bisymmetrical hyperintensity in the white matter of the parietal and occipital lobes in the forebrain on T2-weighted and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery images, and mild encephalatrophy of the olfactory bulbs and temporal lobes. The activity of lysosomal acid β-galactosidase in leukocytes was negligible, resulting in the biochemical diagnosis of GM1 gangliosidosis. Histologically, swollen neurons characterized by accumulation of pale, slightly granular cytoplasmic materials were observed throughout the central nervous system. Dysmyelination or demyelination and gemistocytic astrocytosis were observed in the white matter. Ultrastructually, membranous cytoplasmic bodies were detected in the lysosomes of neurons. However, genetic analysis did not identify the c.1448G>C mutation, which is the single known mutation of feline GM1 gangliosidosis, suggesting that the cat was affected with a new variant of the feline disease.     

人工林落叶松木材生长轮密度时间序列分析

采用时间序列分析法，分析了人工林落叶松木材生长轮密度的变异规律，并选择建模方法和模型参数估计，建立了变异规律模型和预测模型，经过残差分析表明：短期预测值与实测值非常吻合；长期预测值与实测值存在差异，但实测值仍在可信区间内。     

华北落叶松枯梢病症状特点及病原菌研究

经分离培养、人工接种试验和林内定点观察研究结果证明Ｂｏｔｒｙｏｓｐｈａｅｒｉａｌａｒｉｃｉｎａ（Ｓａｗａｄａ）Ｓｈａｎｇ（落叶松葡萄座腔菌）是山西省华北落叶松人工林内落叶松枯梢病的病原菌。病原菌以子囊座和分生孢子器在枯梢和残留叶片上越冬，７月初开始发病，分生孢子在生长季节中可进行多次重复侵染。对落叶松枯梢病与生理性枯梢作了诊断技术要点     

中国兴安,长白落叶松遗传育种研究进展

经过“六五”至“八五”科技攻关，落叶松的林木改良工作取得了很大进展；（１）利用苹果酸脱氢酶，谷氨酸草酰乙酸转氨酶和酯酶对长白落叶松的１４个小群体进行了分析，表明长白落叶松天然群体不仅遗传变异水平较高，而且仍处于哈代－温伯格平衡状态；（２）在落叶松生长性状地理变异规律，最佳种源选择，种源区划等方面取得很多成果；（３）对开花生物学特性及提高种子园种子产量和遗传品质方法做子大量研究；（４）提出了营建１．     

重组日本乙型脑炎病毒NS1的可溶性表达及抗原性分析

根据日本乙型脑炎病毒(JEV)Whe株非结构蛋白质1(NS1)的基因序列,设计引物,利用反转录PCR从实验室保藏JEV Whe株中克隆NS1全长序列,并将其插入pET28a表达载体,构建重组表达质粒NS1-pET28a,转化大肠杆菌BL21(ED3),经IPTG诱导,得到可溶性表达的融合蛋白质His-NS1。结果表明,该融合蛋白质分子量为46ku,大量表达于上清中。镍离子亲和层析柱进行纯化得到His-NS1蛋白质,经Western-blot检测,证明其具有良好的免疫学活性,这为进一步研究JEV NS1的功能及应用奠定了基础。     

日本乙型脑炎病毒分离株E基因的克隆及序列分析

[目的]对日本乙型脑炎病毒分离株E基因进行克隆及序列分析。[方法]根据乙型脑炎病毒SA14和SA14-14-2株序列,设计并合成一对E基因的特异性引物,用RT-PCR方法扩增出JEV分离株E基因片段,将其与pMD19-T载体连接,应用DNAStar、Clustal_1.81和Mega序列分析软件进行同源性比较。[结果]分离株E基因的cDNA长1 500 bp,可编码500个氨基酸;分离株E基因与VN50/Viet Nam/1989/Hu-man brain株、SA14株、Whe株、Benjing 1株、P3株、KV1889株J、aGAr01株和SA14-14-2株的核苷酸同源性为88.0%～99.1%,氨基酸同源性为97.8%～99.8%;分离株为乙型脑炎病毒强毒株。[结论]该研究为乙脑病毒基因工程疫苗的研发奠定了一定的基础。     

应用日本和牛改良本地黄牛效果的研究

为了提高我国本地黄牛生长性能和胴体品质,引进日本和牛冷冻精液,采用级进杂交的方法,实现和牛与本地黄牛杂交,产生第一代杂交牛.再用日本和牛冷冻精液给第一代杂交母牛人工输精,得到第二代杂交牛.对第一代和第二代杂交牛的生长性能和胴体品质进行了测定.结果显示第一代和第二代杂交牛的初生重、体尺、体重要高于本地黄牛(P＜0.05)...