管道轴向裂纹面内压作用下的J积分计算

在管道的制造、安装和运行期间,不可避免地会产生类似于裂纹的缺陷,轴向理解纹是最常见的裂纹。确定含轴中裂纹管道在各种应力状态下的应力强度因子和Ｊ积分,是评价管道完整性和使用寿命的重要组成部分。根据Ｋａｒｌｓｏｎ和Ｂａｃｋｌｕｎｄ推导的考虑裂纹承载的修正Ｊ积分的表达式,结合帕里斯公式和权函数方法,论述了管道轴向理解纹面在内压作用下的Ｊ积分计算方法,并与其它计算方法进行了比较。     

福建单竹属一新种

本文报道了产于中国福建南部的竹亚科一新种.它是单竹属的有节竹.     

苦丁茶冬青粗多糖的分离表征及其抗氧化活性研究

水提醇沉法分离制备苦丁茶冬青粗多糖样品,对其进行初步分离表征（包括总糖、糖醛酸、蛋白质、氨基酸含量和红外光谱分析）和体外抗氧化活性（清除DPPH·自由基、·OH自由基清除能力和还原能力）研究。结果表明,苦丁茶冬青粗多糖中总糖含量为30.67％、糖醛酸含量为12.72％、蛋白质含量为9.35％;含有16种氨基酸成分,总含量为7.72％,其中含有7种人体必需氨基酸,占氨基酸总量的40.41％;红外光谱显示该粗多糖样品中含有α-吡喃糖环结构;此外,苦丁茶冬青粗多糖具有较强的体外抗氧化活性,且其抗氧化活性与多糖浓度之间存在良好的量效关系。     

Multiple amino acid substitutions are involved in the adaptation of H9N2 avian influenza virus to mice

To explore adaptation of avian influenza virus to mice we previously performed serial lung-to-lung passages of the influenza A/Chicken/Jiangsu/7/2002 (H9N2) strain, resulting in the isolation of a variant influenza strain lethal for mice. We now report that virulence correlates with improved growth characteristics on mammalian cells and extended tissue tropism in vivo. Sequencing of the complete genomes of the wild-type and mouse-adapted viruses revealed 25 amino acid substitutions. Some were found to reiterate known substitutions in human and swine H9N2 influenza isolates. Functions affected include nuclear localization signals and sites of protein and RNA interaction, while others are known determinants of pathogenicity and host specificity such as the viral polymerase PB2 E627K substitution. These observations suggest that enhanced growth characteristics and modified cell tropism may contribute to increased virulence in mice. We conclude that multiple amino acid substitutions are likely to be involved in the adaptation of H9N2 avian influenza virus to mice.     

Immunoadjuvant effects of bacterial genomic DNA and CpG oligodeoxynucleotides on avian influenza virus subtype H5N1 inactivated oil emulsion vaccine in chicken

This study investigated the immunoadjuvant effects of three types of bacterial genomic DNA and CpG oligonucleotides (CpG ODN) on the avian influenza virus (AIV) subtype H5N1 inactivated oil emulsion vaccine under two immunization strategies. The genomic DNA extracted from Escherichia coli O₂, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus faecalis FQ68, and synthetic CpG ODN were used as adjuvants, and their effects on the AIV oil emulsion vaccine were examined in chickens. The results indicated that when administered separately from the vaccine, adjuvants induced lower haemagglutination inhibition (HI) titres and serum IgG titres but resulted in higher concentrations of IFN-γ and IL-10. In contrast, when combined with the oil emulsion vaccine prior to inoculation, CpG ODN induced higher HI, IgG titres and IFN-γ concentration but resulted in lower IL-10 concentration. These data suggest that, depending on the immunization approaches, adjuvants may exert distinct immune effects in chickens receiving AIV H5N1 oil emulsion vaccine: the prior incorporation of CpG ODN into the vaccine may augment both the humoral and Th1 type immune responses, while separate inoculation of adjuvants has not shown better adjuvanticity.     

Anti-obesity activity of diglyceride containing conjugated linoleic acid in C57BL/6J ob/ob mice

This study was to investigate the anti-obesity effects of diglyceride (DG)-conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) containing 22% CLA as fatty acids in C57BL/6J ob/ob male mice. There were four experimental groups including vehicle control, DG, CLA, and DG-CLA. The test solutions of 750 mg/kg dose were orally administered to the mice everyday for 5 weeks. CLA treatments significantly decreased mean body weight in the obese mice throughout the experimental period compared to the control (p < 0.01). All test solutions significantly decreased the levels of triglyceride, glucose and free fatty acids in the serum compared with control (p < 0.05). The levels of total cholesterol were also significantly reduced in DG and DG-CLA groups compared with the control group (p < 0.05). CLA significantly decreased weights of renal and epididymal fats compared with the control (p < 0.05). DG and DG-CLA also significantly decreased the epididymal fat weights compared with the control (p < 0.05). A remarkable decrease in the number of lipid droplets and fat globules was observed in the livers of mice treated with DG, CLA, and DG-CLA compared to control. Treatments of DG and CLA actually increased the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma. These results suggest that DG-CLA containing 22% CLA have a respectable anti-obesity effect by controlling serum lipids and fat metabolism.     

“三农”信息资源整合与服务平台的设计与实现

“三农”信息资源整合与服务共享是现代农业发展的趋势。基于J2EE （Java2 Platform Enterprise Edition）和XML(eXtensible Marked Language)标准技术体系架构的农业信息资源整合与服务平台的研究与应用,为解决我国农业信息化建设工作中存在的“信息孤岛”问题,加快“三农”信息入户工程的进展,推动社会主义新农村的建设都具有重要意义。     

基于J2EE的桉树模型库服务系统及其在桉树经营决策中的应用

采用EJB3技术及Web服务技术,设计并建立了基于J2EE的桉树模型库服务系统。该系统由参数数据库、模型库、模型引擎和模型服务模块组成,实现了桉树生长模型库的管理和远程在线调用等功能,方便用户进行模型的更新和添加。除了可进行本地调用桉树模型外,还提供了桉树模型的跨语言和跨平台Web服务功能,使得用户可以远程以任何支持Web服务的语言在线调用桉树模型,最大化地实现了模型算法的共享。     

基于J2EE的“数字林业”服务平台的构建

针对现代信息技术的飞速发展,和林业企业的信息应用系统变得日益纷繁复杂的现状,从各林业局对现代林业生产实际需求出发,以先进实用为准则,以解决国内现有"数字林业"应用方面松散结构问题为目标,提出建立符合J2EE标准的跨平台、开放的林业局级"数字林业"服务平台的框架设计思想,该平台采用面向对象的软构件及基于XML的异构数据库的集成等关键技术实现异构数据的整合.     

猪流感病毒A/swine/Guangdong/2/2012(H1N1)毒株攻毒BALB/c小鼠细胞因子动态变化的研究

为了测定H1N1亚型猪流感病毒(swine influenza virus,SIV)对小鼠的致病性,本试验对A/swine/Guangdong/2/2012(H1N1)株SIV HA基因进行克隆及遗传分析,并将SIV尿囊液经鼻腔感染6周龄BALB/c小鼠,观察感染后小鼠的一般状况、器官系数和组织病理学变化,在病毒感染后第1、3和7天使用荧光定量PCR测定小鼠肺脏、脾脏、脑组织中7种细胞因子mRNA的表达量,研究其对小鼠的致病特性。结果显示,该病毒属于经典SIV,病毒经鼻腔感染后可引起小鼠活动减少、采食量降低,但无咳嗽和死亡;病理组织学变化为肺间隔较正常组织明显增厚,毛细血管明显扩张充血,周围肺泡腔呈代偿性肺气肿;小鼠肺脏、脾脏组织样本中IFN-α、IFN-β、IP-10、IL-1β、TNF-α、IRF-3和IL-10 mRNA含量在感染后第3天均显著升高(P<0.05),而脑组织样本中IL-1β和IL-10在小鼠攻毒后第3和7天均显著上调(P<0.05)。