山羊卵母细胞体成熟培养条件的研究

从山羊屠宰场收取卵母细胞，置于39％、5％CO2的培养箱中，作24小时体外成熟培养。在含10％犊牛血清(FCS)的成熟培养液里分别添加0％、20％~N卵泡液，试验结果表明，成熟卵母细胞率分别为54．5％、66．7％，差异不显著。在成熟培养液里添加不同血清，即10％犊牛血清(FCS)和羊血清(NGS)，试验结果表明，成熟卵母细胞率分别为54．5％、65.4％，差异不显著。     

黑沙蒿乙醇粗提物对奶山羊体外试验CLA含量及C18不饱和脂肪酸生物氢化率的影响

采用体外试验研究添加不同浓度的菊科黑沙蒿乙醇粗提物对瘤胃微生物体外发酵脂肪酸生物氢化、CLA含量及其前体物trans-11C18:1含量的影响。黑沙蒿乙醇粗提物添加的剂量分别是0(对照组)、3、30、300及3000mg/L。培养时间分别是2、6及24h。在每个采样时间点、每个添加量均设3个重复。试验结果表明,添加黑沙蒿乙醇粗提物有降低C18不饱和脂肪酸生物氢化率的趋势,有增加CLA生成前体物trans-11C18:1脂肪酸含量的趋势,有增加CLA含量的趋势。     

Seasonality and photoperiod influence in vitro production of buffalo embryos

Buffalo is considered short-day breeder in tropical and subtropical part of the world and seasonality and photoperiodism impart major influence on its fertility. However, its impact on in vitro embryo production (IVEP) remains elusive. Therefore, this study investigated the effect of seasonal variations and photoperiodism on morphological and molecular parameters of IVEP in buffalo. For this purpose, we conducted two different experiments on the oocytes obtained by aspirating follicles from abattoir derived ovaries. In Exp. I, retrospective analysis was performed for oocyte recovery, blastocyst and hatching rate, during four consecutive seasonal periods (i.e. January–March, April–June, July–September and October–December). In Exp. II, oocytes from peak breeding and non-breeding seasons were subjected to 24 hr in vitro maturation and evaluated for polar body extrusion to assess maturation rate. Results showed that embryo development was markedly low during second quarter (April–June) and maximum during fourth quarter (October–December) of the year; referred as non-breeding and breeding seasons, respectively. Comparative data analysis demonstrated that poor oocyte quality is major reason for lesser efficiency of embryo production during non-breeding season than peak breeding season as suggested by poor oocyte recovery (2.31 ± 0.10 vs. 3.65 ± 0.27) and maturation rate (33.32 ± 2.1 vs. 63.15 ± 7.31). Subsequently, comparative gene expression analysis of blastocysts during peak breeding season significantly upregulated pluripotency gene (OCT-4) and downregulated heat shock protein 90, as compared to non-breeding season. Therefore, it could be divulged from the present study that seasonal variations and photoperiodism have profound effect on oocyte quality and subsequent embryo development. It is recommended to find suitable additives for in vitro maturation that could mitigate seasonal effects.     

生物频谱对牛胚胎体外生产效率的影响

利用可调式周林生物频谱发生器对牛卵母细胞体外成熟、体外受精和体外培养过程实施辐射,以提高牛胚胎体外生产效率。频谱发生器与培养材料的距离为５ｃｍ,辐射强度根据辐射温度加以调节。结果表明,辐射温度控制在３９℃时,入孵卵母细胞的卵裂率（６３％）与对照组６１（％）无显著差异（Ｐ〉０．０５）,而囊胚发育率（３９％）显著高于对照组（１９％）（Ｐ〈０．０５）;当辐射温度达到４０℃时,试验组的卵裂率仅为１４％,囊     

狗牙根果岭的交播技术

主要介绍狗牙根果岭的交播技术 ,包括草种选择和配比、种子直播、交播前后的管理措施 ,并讨论了狗牙根果岭的春季过渡技术等。     

黄连解毒散固体分散制剂的药效学研究

为了对黄连解毒散固体分散制剂进行药效学研究,采用致病性大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌为试验菌株考察黄连解毒散固体分散制剂的体外抑菌效果,以仔猪为实验动物考察其临床药效。结果显示：黄连解毒散固体分散制剂的体外抑菌效果是普通散剂的2倍,临床治疗效果比普通散剂提高了30％。黄连解毒散固体分散制剂显著提高了黄连解毒散对猪大肠杆菌病的疗效。     

Thromboelastography: a tool for measuring hypercoagulability, hypocoagulability, and fibrinolysis

Objective: To describe the technique of thromboelastography (TEG) and review the applications of this coagulation test in humans and small animals. Data sources: Data sources included scientific reviews and original research publications. Human data synthesis: TEG in humans has been used for documentation of hypercoagulable and hypocoagulable states and has been shown to be beneficial in patient management. Veterinary data synthesis: Clinical evaluation of TEG in veterinary medicine is limited; however, recent reports have documented evidence of hypercoagulability in dogs with parvovirus and protein‐losing nephropathy. Additionally, many of the research models may be relevant to veterinary patients. Conclusions: TEG provides information about coagulation that is not available through routine coagulation tests. The application of TEG monitoring to veterinary patients shows promise; however, prospective clinical studies are needed.     

内蒙古天然草地退化成因的多因素灰色关联分析

选取内蒙古草地典型草原、草甸草原及农牧交错带典型区,通过对区域内影响草地退化的社会、经济和环境等因素进行定性分析,应用灰色系统理论的关联分析方法,以草地退化面积为参考数列,以牧草生长季积温、降水变率和年大风日数等气候因子,草地超载比例、人工种草与围栏草场面积、年割草量、畜棚与畜圈面积和牧民人均收入等人类活动因子作为比较数列,对草地退化进行了多因素关联分析。研究结果客观、定量地揭示了草地退化与各因素间的相互关系,认为草地生态系统的退化受损是气候变化和人类活动共同胁迫的结果,人类对草地的管理方式对草地生态系统具有巨大影响,人类可以通过多种管理措施来减轻牲畜对草场的压力,积极解决人与资源的平衡。     

Treatment of a femoral fracture with a titanium locking compression plate distal femur (LCP‐DF) in a young donkey

A closed complete mid‐diaphyseal spiral fracture of the left femur in a one‐year‐old donkey was treated with a 4.5 mm titanium locking compression plate distal femur (LCP‐DF)¹. This plate was originally manufactured for human orthopaedics, primarily for femoral osteosynthesis. The LCP‐DF¹ has a distal head plate that was advantageous in this case because the distal fragment was smaller. Post operative radiographs showed optimal femoral reconstruction and a callus was present 3 weeks after surgery. The donkey was sound at the walk and trot 2 months after surgery. Radiographs taken 5 months after surgery showed stable implants and complete healing without complications.     

三江源区人工草地中小型土壤动物群落特征及季节变化

为了解三江源区不同建植年限人工草地的中小型土壤动物群落特征及其变化动态,于2012年4-10月以极度退化草地“黑土滩”为对照,利用定位观测方法对其进行了7次调查。结果表明：共捕获各类中小型土壤动物标本4552只,隶属3门、8纲、23目、55科、65属;大类群中蜱螨目（Acarina）占41.39%,线虫类（Nemata）占26.24%,弹尾目（Collembola）占23.77%,其他类群仅占8.60%;中小型土壤动物群落组成与数量均有明显的季节变化,在4-10月均是先上升后下降,在7-8月均达到最高;其Shannon-Wiener指数、Simpson优势度指数和均匀度指数均随着建植年限的增加有显著增加趋势,土壤动物群落结构随着人工草地建植年限的增加愈加稳定,群落稳定性以2000年人工草地最为稳定。