鸡传染性喉气管炎病毒姻台株gB基因的序列测定及其结构功能分析

研究以鸡传染性喉气管炎病毒（ILTV）烟台株为模板，PCIK扩增出1条约2．7的gB基因片段，并将其克隆到pMD18-T载体中。序列测定显示，gB基因长2622bp，包含完的阅读框架。序列比较分析发现，烟台株和王岗株、河北株的班基因核苷酸序列与SA2株的比均在第89位上缺失1个碱基G，而在第102位核苷酸处插入1个碱基A，从而引起氨基酸序中第29-32位5个氨基酸的移码突变。烟台株还有另外7个碱基发生突变，使得其班基因与北株、王岗株、SA2疫苗株的gB基因核苷酸同源性分别为99．8％、99．7％和99．6％，氨基酸的同性分别为99．4％、99．4％、98．9％，表明不同ILTV毒株之间gB基因是非常保守的。划型相列河源     

Counter current line absorption immunoelectrophoresis in an alternative diagnostic screening test to counter current immunoelectrophoresis in Aleutian disease (AD) eradication programs

Counter current immunoelectrophoresis (CCIE) is the diagnostic method used in the ongoing Aleutian disease virus eradication program on Danish mink farms. There has been an increasing demand for an alternative diagnostic test especially to evaluate suspected false positive CCIE reactions. We compared test results of a number of negative and positive mink sera in indirect counter current immunoelectrophoresis (ICCIE), counter current line absorption immunoelectrophoresis (CCLAIE) and radio immuno assay (RIA) with test results from counter current immunoelectrophoresis and found that counter current line absorption immunoelectrophoresis is the best alternative diagnostic screening test to counter current immunoelectrophoresis for Aleutian disease eradication programs. Not only proved the CCLAIE test to be useful for evaluation of doubtfully positive CCIE reactions, but it was found to have a higher sensitivity than the CCIE test.     

番鸭小鹅瘟病胶乳凝集试验与病毒分离的比较研究

应用GPV胶乳凝集方法（LPA）和病毒分离（VI）检测人工感染病例9份、健康对照6份,临床疑似送检病鸭28份。其中人工感染样品检测LPA和VI符合率为93.3%（14/15）;临床疑似样品检测LPA和VI符合率为89.3%（25/28）;两者总符合率达90.7%（39/43）。LPA方法具有简便（肉眼可判定,不需仪器）、快速（检测抗原20min内）、特异、准确等优点,比VI更适合临床使用。     

Isolation and biological properties of virulent subpopulations from lentogenic Newcastle disease virus strains

From each of two lentogenic Newcastle disease virus (NDV) strains of the type LaSota and Hitchner B1 a virulent subpopulation could be obtained. The two subpopulations were—in comparison to the two parent viruses—more resistant to the lipid solvent chloroform and more stable against thermal degradation. Also, the glycoproteins haemagglutinin and F (fusion) were more stable against thermal inactivation. Electron microscopic observations revealed in terms of size and morphology all of the characteristics of NDV. Both subpopulations possessed, however, the same elution kinetics as their respective parent strains. The intracerebral and intravenous pathogenicity indices as well as the mean death times of the two subpopulations allow to classify these viruses as virulent Newcastle disease viruses.     

小熊猫源犬瘟热病毒全基因序列的克隆及序列分析

本研究对军事兽医研究所病毒二室分离驯化后的小熊猫源犬瘟热病毒(canine distemper virus,CDV)基因组进行全序列测定,并对其基因组特征及H基因遗传稳定性进行比较分析。根据GenBank公布的犬瘟热病毒全长基因组序列设计合成17对特异性引物,以小熊猫源犬瘟热病毒总RNA为模板,RT-PCR进行分段扩增,并克隆到pEASY-Blunt Simple载体中,经测序、拼接获得全长cDNA序列。结果显示,小熊猫源犬瘟热病毒全基因序列与GenBank登录号分别为AF014953、AY445077、AY542312、AY466011、AY386316、AF164967、EU716337、EU726268、AY443350、AB474397、GU138403和AY649446的12个不同毒株全基因序列的同源性分别为86.6%、92.4%、92.5%、92.5%、94.3%、96.3%、95.9%、87.1%、94.5%、92.3%、87.4%和94.6%,与标准强毒株A75/17株(AF164967)的亲缘关系最近,全基因同源性达96.3%,但与疫苗株Onderstepoort(AF014953)亲缘关系相对较远,同源性为86.6%。小熊猫源犬瘟热病毒H基因与其他不同地区具有代表性的30株CDV进化树分析显示,小熊猫源犬瘟热病毒属于Asia Ⅰ型,H蛋白中309－311位氨基酸残基所形成的潜在糖基化位点,为疫苗株没有而野毒株所共有的,并且可能与病毒的免疫原性有关。因此,致弱的小熊猫源CDV在预防免疫的针对性上可能强于已有的疫苗株。     

脂质体介导抗猪瘟病毒基因转染小鼠胚胎成纤维细胞的研究

本研究旨在探索脂质体介导抗猪瘟病毒基因重组质粒PGPUG/GFP/Neo转染小鼠胚胎成纤维细胞的条件,为构建疾病模型动物及抗猪瘟病毒转基因猪提供技术平台。本研究比较了不同的小鼠胚胎成纤维细胞分离培养方法,将培养至3~5代的胚胎儿成纤维细胞,通过脂质体(LiPofectamine^TM 2000)介导转染抗猪瘟病毒基因重组质粒PGPUG/GFP/Neo。结果显示,在所选用的不同浓度脂质体和重组质粒,以及不同转染时间的组合中,2 μL脂质体介导1.5 μg重组质粒,转染6 h时可获得19%的转染效率,极显著高于其他剂量和时间组合(P＜0.01)。这些结果表明,脂质体、重组质粒及转染时间的优化组合,能有效介导抗猪瘟病毒基因重组质粒PGPUG/GFP/Neo转染小鼠胚胎成纤维细胞。     

鸡新城疫-禽流感(H9亚型)二联灭活疫苗(La Sota株+HP株)的灭活试验

为了研究鸡新城疫-禽流感(H9亚型)二联灭活疫苗(La Sota株+HP株)中两种病毒的最佳甲醛灭活浓度和灭活时间,试验选取四种甲醛最终浓度0.1%、0.2%、0.4%、0.8%,分别对两种抗原进行灭活,在灭活10 h、12 h、14 h、16 h、18 h、24 h、30 h、36h、42 h分别取样,对每个样品进行灭活检验和血凝价测定。从试验结果得出,新城疫病毒(La Sota株)最适合的甲醛浓度为0.1%,灭活时间为16 h;禽流感病毒(H9亚型HP株)最适合甲醛浓度为0.1%,灭活时间为18 h。     

DNA vaccine encoding avian influenza virus H5 and Esat-6 of Mycobacterium tuberculosis improved antibody responses against AIV in chickens

The H5 gene of avian influenza virus (AIV) strain A/chicken/Malaysia/5744/2004(H5N1) was cloned into pcDNA3.1 vector, and Esat-6 gene of Mycobacterium tuberculosis was fused into downstream of the H5 gene as a genetic adjuvant for DNA vaccine candidates. The antibody level against AIV was measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and haemagglutination inhibition (HI) test. Sera obtained from specific-pathogen-free chickens immunized with pcDNA3.1/H5 and pcDNA3.1/H5/Esat-6 demonstrated antibody responses as early as 2 weeks after the first immunization. Furthermore, the overall HI antibody titer in chickens immunized with pcDNA3.1/H5/Esat-6 was higher compared to the chickens immunized with pcDNA3.1/H5 (p < 0.05). The results suggested that Esat-6 gene of M. tuberculosis is a potential genetic adjuvant for the development of effective H5 DNA vaccine in chickens.     

禽流感H9亚型病毒WD株毒种的纯化研究

采用鸡胚终点稀释法并结合ND抗血清中和法对禽流感H9亚型病毒WD株毒种进行了纯化。将纯化的WD株毒种在SPF鸡胚连续传12代，对各代次毒种进行了毒价测定，选择一定代次的毒种进行了免疫原性试验及外源病毒检验。结果表明，WD株在鸡胚中连续传12代，其HA价稳定在1：512—1：1024，毒价在10^7.0-10^8.3 EID50／0．1mL；不同代次毒种不含外源病毒，免疫原性均符合要求。由此可见，毒种的纯化方法是有效的，将WD株毒种限制在12代内是可行的，并建立了该毒种的种子批。     

1株高致病性血凝性脑脊髓炎病毒的分离与鉴定

利用细胞培养方法从临床表现神经症状的死亡仔猪脑组织内分离获得1株病毒,同时对该病毒进行电镜负染观察、昆明种小鼠致病性试验、RT-PCR检测和部分基因测序分析。电镜观察可见细胞培养物中有大量的直径约115 nm的冠状病毒样粒子;接种病毒的小鼠均出现典型的神经症状,死亡率100%;血凝性脑脊髓炎病毒(HEV)特异性引物RT-PCR扩增结果阳性;其S基因序列与GenBank中登录的HEV-67 N相应基因序列的同源性高达99.6%。结果表明,分离的病毒为猪血凝性脑脊髓炎病毒,分离株暂命名为HEV-CC-2007。