鸡传染性法氏囊炎病毒的分离与提纯

取接种4周龄雏鸡的法氏囊,经匀浆,高速离心,超速离心,CsCI 密度梯度离心,可获得纯化的鸡法氏囊炎病毒(IBDV)条带。通过电子显微镜观察,说明 IBDV 呈球状,直径约60nm,无囊膜,其浮力密度为1.32g/ml。本试验所分离的病毒粒子的平均含量为957μg/ml,病毒有活力,并具有抗原的特异性。     

鸡传染性支气管炎病毒中国分离株LH2/01/10纤突蛋白基因的遗传变异

 对传染性支气管炎病毒LH2/01/10的S1和S2基因分别进行RT-PCR扩增、克隆和序列测定。结果表明,其S基因由3 495个核苷酸组成,编码的多肽由1 164个氨基酸残基组成。S蛋白的切割识别位点氨基酸组成为组氨酸-精氨酸-精氨酸-精氨酸-精氨酸(HRRRR)。推测其裂解后形成的S1和S2亚单位中,S1由539个氨基酸残基组成,S2由625个氨基酸残基组成。序列分析发现:LH2/01/10与Beau、M41、CU-T2、D1466、DE072、Holte、Gray、Ark99、Conn、H52、KB85     

火鸡传染性法氏囊病病毒YL株VP2基因的克隆和序列比较

参考GenBank发表的传染性法氏囊病毒(IBDV)基因组序列,设计并合成了一对特异扩增IB-DVVP2基因的引物。以广西玉林发病火鸡群分离的IBDV野毒YL株为材料,以其基因组为模板利用RT-PCR技术扩增出了1.5kb的cDNA产物,将VP2基因克隆于PUC119质粒上,得到重组PUC119质粒。并对VP2基因全序列测定、分析和聚类表明,YL株与欧洲超强毒株非常相似,而与经典强毒株、弱毒株和变异株相差较大。     

传染性支气管炎病毒S1基因遗传变异研究

本文利用计算机互联网分析了传染性支气管炎病毒（IBV）Buead株（呼吸型）和Z株（肾病型）S1基因的遗传变异规律。经与Genbank中50余个传染性支气管炎病毒的S1基因序列比较研究表明：Beaud株和Z株均存在着高度变异和相对保守区，两株病毒S1基因含有5－6个插入变异区。本文同时分析了两株病毒S1蛋白氨基酸序列的变异规律，研究表明：各株传染性支气管病毒之间S1蛋白的氨基酸序列有局部变异，其中105－106个氨基酸保持恒定不变。功能位点分析表明：Z株与Buead株抗原位点的位置和组成已发生变异，糖基化位点除Z株出现两个新位点外，其位置没有发生变化，但其组成已发生较多变异。     

抗鸡传染性支气管炎病毒单克隆抗体的制备及其特性的研究

本实验将鸡传染性支气管炎病毒（澳大利亚Ｔ株）进行纯化，制成抗原，应用杂交瘤技术建立了５株分泌抗鸡传染性支气管炎病毒的杂交瘤细胞株，其免疫球蛋白的亚类分别属于ＩｇＧ１、ＩｇＧ３、ＩｇＭ。杂交瘤细胞分泌抗体的能力稳定，长期传代对其抗体分泌能力没有影响。５株单克隆抗体与其它１２株鸡传染性支气管炎病毒标准株之间存在不同程度的交叉反应，但对鸡新城疫病毒、传染性法氏囊病病毒、产蛋下降综合征病毒及禽流感病毒均无交叉反应。用此杂交瘤细胞制备腹水的ＥＬＩＳＡ效价为１０－６～１０－７，抗体对热的稳定性有一定的差别。抗体纯化后，经ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ凝胶电泳表明具有单克隆抗体的特征，经快速蛋白分析鉴定其纯度为８９．４９％。竞争ＥＬＩＳＡ法证明其中４株的单抗与抗原结合位点并不完全相同。采用单抗夹心ＥＬＩＳＡ法，对抗原的检测方法进行了初步探索。     

Cutaneous Mycobacterium avium Infection in a Cat

Abstract— A 6-year-old spayed female domestic shorthair cat with a paranasal cutaneous mass caused by Mycobacterium avium is reported. Recurrence after cryosurgery and nonresponsiveness to dapsone necessitated surgical removal. The cat remained clinically normal for 14 months when the occurrence of multiple facial nodules with acid-fast bacilli present caused the owner to elect euthanasia. Résumé— Le cas d'une chatte européenne castrée de six ans présentant une masse périnasale due àMycobacterium avium est rapporté. La rechute après cryochirurgie et l'absence de réponse à la dapsone a nécessité une ablation chirurgicale. Le chat est resté apparemment sain 14 mois après l'opération, jusqu'à l'appartion de nodules multiples sur la face avec des baciles acid-alcolorésistants. L'animal a été euthanasié. Zusammenfassung— Beschrieben wird eine kurzhaarige Hauskatze, sechs Jahre alt, weiblich, kastriert, mit einer paranasalen kutanen Zubildung, die durch Mycobacterium avium verursacht wurde. Eine Wiederauftreten nach Kryochirurgie und ein Nichtansprechen auf Dapson zwang zu einer chirurgischen Entfernung. Die Katze blieb 14 Monate lang klinisch gesund bis das Auftreten von multiplen fazialen Knoten mit histologisch nachweisbaren säurefesten Bazillen dazu führte, daß der Besitzer sich für die Euthanasié des Tieres entschied. Resumen En este artículo se estudia una gata castrada de seis años de raza moméstica de pelo corto, con una masa cutánea paranasal causada por el Mycobacterium avium. La masa fue removida quirürgicamente después del tratamiento con dapsone y la aplicación de criocirugía con la consiguiente reaparición de la misma. Por un periodo de 14 meses la gata permaneció clínicamente normal, pero después el animal desarrolló nódulos faciales multiples con la aparición de bacilos que podian ser teñidos con tinturas ácidas, ante lo cual el dueño decidió terminar con la vida del animal.     

鸡传染性法氏囊病B_（－2），D_（78），TAD弱毒苗对青海流行野毒的效力试

对鸡传染性法氏囊病弱毒苗Ｂｕｒｓｉｎｅ－２，Ｄ_（７８），ＴＡＤ进行复制，免疫２１日龄雏鸡，１４天后ＡＧＤ抗体阳性率达９０％～１００％，用从本地分离的Ｓ_（－９３０２）强毒１：１０囊乳剂０．２ｍｌ／只滴鼻、点眼、口服攻毒，结果对照组１００％发病，５０％死亡，试验组１００％保护，获得较好的免疫效果。     

应用Dot－ELISA快速检测传染性法氏囊病病毒

本文成功建立了斑点酶联免疫吸附试验（Ｄｏｔ－ＥＬＩＳＡ），应用于传染性法氏囊病病毒（ＩＢＤＶ）的快速检测。该方法操作简便快速、特异性好、灵敏度高。同时对深圳某鸡场发生ＩＢＤ病料进行了病毒分离，用Ｄｏｒ－ＥＬＩＳＡ检测接种鸡胚的绒毛尿囊膜裂解上清呈强阳性反应。     

Further data to the aetiology, pathogenesis and therapy of infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis

Out of a total of 224 bovine eye secretions, 126 Moraxella bovis and 64 Neisseria ovis strains were isolated. The pathogenesis and histological lesions caused by Neisseria ovis have been studied on the eyes of three calves naturally affected with IBK, using electron microscopy.

Neisseria ovis caused in 1–12 weeks old calves acute, transient and mostly benign serous conjunctivitis with only slight affection of the cornea. More rarely erosions and even ulceration of the cornea have been observed.

Moraxella bovis and Neisseria ovis strains proved nearly unanimously sensitive in vitro to chloramphenicol, neomycin, oxytetracyclin, nitrofurantoin, erythromycin and cefoperazone. Other antibiotics and chemotherapeutics inhibited the growth of these agents only partly or were ineffective.

Experimental therapy has been carried out using a single i.m. injection of Terramycin/LA inj. (Pfizer) in a dose of 20 mg/kg body mass, repeated if necessary after 72–96 h. This formulation proved more effective and practical than treatments used earlier.     

Risk factors for outbreaks of infectious salmon anemia in farmed Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar

Infectious salmon anemia (ISA) is a viral disease occurring in farmed Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) that is characterized by lethargy, anorexia, anemia and death. To control the disease in New Brunswick, Canada, 7.5 million fish from outbreak cages have been destroyed since 1997. Despite changes made by farmers, 2002 was the worst year ever for ISA losses in the region.

We evaluated the associations between potential risk factors and ISA outbreaks in the Atlantic-salmon sites in New Brunswick. This was a multilevel study in which the site-level design was a retrospective cohort study while the cage-level design was a modified case-cohort study. The questionnaire was divided into site-level questions, cage-level questions and hatchery information.

The important factors identified by this study can be categorized as environmental, farmer controlled or industry controlled according to the capacity to change or eliminate them. Environmental risk factors such as increasing the depth of the net (if nets were ≤9 m, odds ratio (OR) = 3.34) and decreasing the depth of water underneath the net (if depth of water underneath the net >3 m, OR = 3.34) are for the most part dictated by site location. Wild pollock (Pollachius virens) in the cage reflects the number of wild pollock that live in the site location. If there were ≥1000 pollock in the cage, the odds of disease in the cage increased 4.43-fold. Risk factors that are under farm control include increasing the number of times that the salmon are treated for sea lice (OR = 3.31 if lice treatments are ≤2 times), transferring small smolts into seawater (OR = 2.40 if smolts weighed >99 g) and improving on the adaptation of smolts to seawater to reduce post-transfer mortalities (OR = 4.52 if there was at least one cage with post-transfer mortalities >5%). The industry-controlled factors need to be addressed by the industry as a whole. Organizing boat travel to minimize the time and frequency of boats travelling to or by sites currently is being reviewed. This will be extremely important because the OR = 9.43 if processing boats travel within 1 km of the site and the OR = 4.03 if the site has dry feed delivered by the feed company. Because the hazard ratio increased stepwise from 1 if the nearest neighbor with ISA was ≥5 km up to 5.5 if the nearest site with ISA was within 0.5 km, increasing the distance between sites might be necessary for effective control.