基于运动恢复结构算法的油菜NDVI三维分布

植物形态伴随着植物生长过程而发生变化,植物的三维重建对研究植物形态对植物生物量估测、植物病害虫害、基因型表达等有着很重要的意义。目前三维重建方法重建出的三维点云多包含植物的形态、颜色等特征,无法反应植物营养状况（如叶绿素含量）、病虫害胁迫等原因造成有机质空间三维分布改变,同时以往手段都需要专门仪器,携带和作业都受到很大限制。多光谱图像能够反应有机质含量等化学值的分布,在近地面遥感、农产品质量无损检测等发面取得了广泛的应用。该文通过采集31张4叶龄油菜的多光谱图像,使用运动恢复结构算法（structure from motion）方法对其进行空间三维重建,得到油菜的三维点云,并对点云中噪声点进行滤除。以控制点和控制长度对所得模型进行评价,得到长度最大偏差在0.1023 cm,RMSE=0.052599,证明该方法重建所得模型具有较好的空间均匀性与准确性,最后计算NDVI指数空间分布。证明所得模型对将来研究植物营养与病虫害胁迫空间分布有着重要意义。     

瓜类蔬菜嫁接砧木生长点去除机构设计与试验

针对现有瓜科嫁接机砧木生长点去除不干净,以及生长点去除过程中砧木苗易损伤的缺点,该文以葫芦苗为试验对象,通过瓜科蔬菜砧木苗生长点去除理论运动轨迹分析和对生长点去除机构的动力学分析,设计开发了一种应用于瓜科蔬菜嫁接的生长点去除机构,该机构利用模仿人工方法通过手指去除生长点的原理,采用曲柄连杆机构外加柔性手指,实现生长点的去除。试验结果表明,砧木苗在13~17 d培育期间内,所设计的机构能较好地去除砧木苗生长点,去除成功率达90%以上,伤苗率小于5%,所研发的瓜科蔬菜嫁接砧木生长点去除机构是可行的。该研究可为解决蔬菜嫁接砧木苗生长点去除困难提供参考。     

一维波动理论在SPT杆长修正机理研究中的应用

首先应用弹性体中波的传递．简单分析杆件受冲击后应力和能量变化，然后，再用圣维南原理进行详细的理论推导．得出了ＳＰＴ杆长修正的理论结果．由于采用波动理论更接近ＳＰＴ实际工作过程，对ＳＰＴ杆长修正的结果具有较强的说服力，结论在另文的实验中得到了证实．     

变质量力学系统相对运动的万有Kane方程

本文给出变质量力学系统相对运动的万有 Kane 方程,并由此导出变质量高阶非完整系统相对运动的若干运动微分方程。     

舍饲1～7日龄公骡驹行为的观察

对舍饲1～7日龄公骡驹的吸乳、偷乳、站立、运动、睡眠、采食、吃粪、踢、恋群、嬉耍、鸣叫、嗅舐等行为进行了观察,初步探讨了这些行为的产生原因和如何利用这些行为制定科学的骡驹培育措施。     

塔克拉玛干沙漠北缘荒漠过渡带风沙流结构特征分析

利用多种集沙仪,通过野外实时输沙观测,对塔克拉玛干沙漠北缘荒漠过渡带的地表风沙流特征进行了分析,结果表明：① 100 cm高度范围内,总输沙量的47.3%分布在30 cm高度内,这一比例小于前人的研究结果;输沙量随高度的变化比较符合幂函数分布。② 风沙流输沙的粒径以细砂、极细砂与粉砂为主,各高度层所占比例均达99%以上;风沙流输沙平均粒径随高度增加而减小,沙尘的含量随高度增加呈现“象鼻”状分布。③ 风沙流中贴地层风速廓线受风沙相互作用的影响,不再符合对数分布,更加符合幂函数u=az^b分布。     

MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING OF THE CANINE ABDOMEN: EFFECT OF PULSE SEQUENCE ON DIAGNOSTIC QUALITY

Motion artifact is an important limiting factor for abdominal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in veterinary patients. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of pulse sequence on abdominal MRI diagnostic quality in dogs. Ten normal dogs were each scanned using 16 MRI pulse sequences. Sequences included breath‐holding sequences, respiratory navigation sequences, and traditional spin‐echo sequences. Four observers independently scored diagnostic quality for each sequence based on the appearance of specific organs, overall diagnostic quality, and degree of artifactual interference. Signal‐to‐noise ratio and contrast‐to‐noise ratio were also calculated for each sequence. The sequence with the highest overall mean diagnostic quality score was the dorsal T2 turbo spin echo (TSE) with fat saturation and breath‐holding. The sequence with the lowest mean diagnostic quality score was the dorsal T2 fast spin echo. The sequence with the highest signal‐to‐noise ratio for all evaluated organs was the sagittal T1 spin echo. Signal‐to‐noise and contrast‐to‐noise ratios did not correlate with subjective assessment of overall diagnostic quality for the majority of the sequences evaluated (P < 0.05). The three sequences considered to have the highest diagnostic quality for the cranial abdomen were the dorsal T2 TSE with fat saturation and breath‐hold, transverse T1 turbo fast low‐angle shot gradient echo with breath‐hold, and dorsal T2 half‐Fourier acquisition single shot TSE with respiratory navigation. These sequences had short acquisition times, yielded studies of similar diagnostic quality, provided complementary information, and are therefore recommended for routine canine abdominal MRI protocols.     

零耦合度且部分解耦的3T1R并联机构设计与运动分析

零耦合度(κ=0)且运动解耦的三平移一转动(3T1R)并联操作手机构,不仅其运动学和动力学分析简单且能得到解析解,实时控制也较容易。根据基于方位特征(POC)方程的并联机构拓扑设计理论和冗余支链消除奇异位置原理,设计了一种含冗余支链的3T1R并联操作手机构,对其进行拓扑结构分析,主要包括POC集、自由度、运动解耦性以及耦合度分析,表明其耦合度为零且具有部分运动解耦性;根据提出的基于序单开链法的运动学建模原理,方便地求解出机构的位置正解解析解;基于导出的位置逆解公式,分析了机构的工作空间、转动能力及其奇异性条件;推导出机构动平台的速度、加速度变化规律。     

采摘机械手运动控制及避障研究——基于PLC和物联网远程控制

近年来,无线通信技术发展迅猛,无线通信数据传输速度越来越快,远程控制的延时大幅降低,几乎可以忽略不计,因此远程控制逐渐被广泛应用于各个领域。为此,结合物联网远程控制技术和PLC实时控制系统优势,实现了采摘机械手的运动控制及避障系统。实验表明:所设计研究的采摘机械手运动控制及避障系统避障能力强,路径优化平滑,具有很高的可靠性和稳定性。     

Assessing the effects of site factors on the productivity of a feller buncher:a time and motion analysis

We evaluated,for the first time in Turkey,the productivity of a feller buncher during clear-cut operations of two Brutian pine stands located in Canakkale,northwestern Turkey with different diameter classes and terrain conditions.In the first stand with 24.6 cm average DBH,the feller buncher cut full trees and moved them to roadside.In the second stand with 34.3 cm average DBH,the feller buncher cut trees in two stages due to their larger diameters and the relatively steep and rough terrain conditions of the site.The effects of specific stand features,DBH and tree height measurements were assessed through statistical analysis in relation to productivity.The results indicate that the average productivity for the first stand was about 118 m^3h^-1,while it was about 80 m3h-1 in the second stand.Even though tree diameter and volume were higher in the second stand,productivity decreased by32.3%due to extra time spent on the two-stage cutting operation.The results revealed that harvesting operations should be planned carefully and the right equipment selected by accounting for different tree sizes,terrain conditions and machine specifications in order to better understand their effects on production.