采用主成分分析和隶属函数法综合评价14份青贮玉米品种的生产性能

为筛选出适宜湖北地区种植的全株青贮玉米品种,采用随机区组设计,对14个青贮玉米品种的适应性、抗逆性、生物学产量和粗蛋白等指标进行研究。结果表明,明饲1号和花单1号生育期相对较长,其余品种在92~95 d。大部分品种的株高在200 cm以上;除华丰3号倒伏率较高外,其余品种几无倒伏;收获时,雅玉8号保绿度较其它品种相对较高。参试材料中,8493的鲜草和干物质产量分别为81 177.85 kg/hm2和20 044.37 kg/hm2,均显著高于其它品种(P0.05),而粗蛋白含量最高的是雅玉8号,达9.56%。对主要农艺性状、产量和品质指标进行主成分分析提取了3个主成分,累计贡献率达86.765%。结合各指标的相关性分析,选择单穗质量、干物质产量和株高3指标采用模糊数学隶属函数法进行综合评价,结果发现雅玉8号的隶属函数值最高,为0.78,其次为华玉5号,农大86表现最差。     

A NEW METHOD OF RESEARCHINE THE SITE DUPLE FACE DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINE RIGID ROTATOR BASE DON AMPLITUDE MEASUREMENT

In this paper, a new method of researching; the site dupleface dynamic balance of machine rigid rotator, namely duple test weightmethod is presented. Weight the new method against the existing method,namely single test weight method [1], both the efficiency increasing and theenergy-consumming dicreasing would be forty percent and over, with thebasic points of vibration theory, the formula of calculating weight andposition of the duple face dynamic unbalance of a rotator by means ofapplying the duple test weight is developed in detail. The method in handll-ing distinct bearing form is also discussed. Rightness of the new method isproved out by the living example of the simulant contrast testing carried outn the dynamic balance test machine and the site balance for a rotatorsystem of motor.     

SPF理论及其在捕捞能力计算中的应用

随机生产边界法是一种基于Cobb-Douglas生产函数的线性规划方法。在得到待定系数的估计值后，可求得理论产出，进而可以求得各投入单元的技术效率。以年渔获产量为产出，海洋捕捞专业劳动力和渔船数为投入，应用该方法计算浙江省1996—2004年的海洋捕捞能力。结果表明2000年浙江省捕捞技术效率最高，达到99．9％。在与DEA法进行比较后得出结论：两者计算结果相近，都能较准确的反映捕捞能力水平；在使用SPF法分析捕捞能力时，要注意技术无效率投入的剔除。此外，在用SPF法计算捕捞能力时，应将除去劳动力外的投入因子全部货币化，以提高计算的准确性。     

微波消解-恒pH滴定法快速测定粮食中的粗蛋白

为建立一种快速测定食品中粗蛋白质的新型分析方法,选择小麦为样品,用硫酸一过氧化氢混合溶液为消解剂,利用微波压力程序加热技术快速消解样品,用甲醛法将NH4 转化为H ,以KOH为标准溶液,用恒pH滴定法进行测定.结果表明:小麦干基粗蛋白的含量在14%～17%之间,RSD1.2%～2.1%(n=6或12).与经典方法对照测定,经F检验和t检验表明两者之间无显著性差异(置信度95%).该法操作简单、快速,试剂用量少,空白值低,工作效率大大提高,结果令人满意.     

日文图书编目方法研究

图书编目是图书馆工作的重要部分。为提高日文图书编目质量,本文依据日语语言的独特性与编目系统要求,从文字要求、字段规范、内容准确程度、分类标准、种次号的给出、检索手段等角度入手,阐述了日文编目过程中应该掌握的基本方法。并从日文当用汉字、假名以及特殊符号书写方法等5个方面,详细探讨了日文图书的编目原则。同时,指出了日文编目中工具书的重要性以及采访内容的局限性。     

UPLC法同时测定玉米中不同类型除草剂残留的方法

[目的]建立玉米中4种不同类型的9种除草剂残留量的超高效液相色谱(UPLC)检测方法。[方法]样品前处理采用QuEChERS方法,以ACQUITY UPLC BHE C18(2.1 mm×50.0 mm,1.7μm)为色谱柱,以水(含0.05%H3PO4)、乙腈(含0.05%H3PO4)为流动相。[结果]在优化的条件下,9种除草剂在4.5 min内实现基线分离;检测限和定量限分别为15～30和30～60μg/kg;在各自的浓度范围内,线性关系良好,相关系数(r)均大于0.999;在高、中、低3个水平的加标回收率为79.5%～98.8%,方法的标准偏差(RSD,n=5)为2.0%～9.6%。[结论]该方法简便、高效、准确,为除草剂残留的常规检测提供了一种省时、可行的新方法。     

基于微根管技术的玉米根系生长监测

为了研究玉米根系生长规律,该文利用固城农业气象试验站内设置的大型根剖面系统,采用微根管观测法,对试验地上玉米主要生育期的根系生长动态进行定期直接跟踪监测,并以方形整段标本法作为参照标准,对试验数据采用MATLAB软件辅助图像处理和现代统计方法进行分析。结果表明：微根管法与方形整段标本法对得出的根长密度随深度增加呈递减型有较好的一致性,两者相关系数达到0.83以上,通过0.05的显著性检验;由观测数据建立的回归方程能较好地反映土壤中玉米根系生长规律,进一步表明微根管法是一种破坏性较小、可准确定位跟踪植物根系在土壤中生长动态变化的先进技术,对植物根系生长研究有较好的推广应用价值。     

茄子种子外源激素预处理最优方法的研究

观察了由8种化学物质、2种溶剂、4～8种浓度和4种处理时间组成的数百个预处理方法的实际效果认为,赤霉索(GA_3)是打破茄子种子休眠促进萌发效果最佳的外源激素;丙酮是赤霉素渗入种子的最佳载体;播前用100～200mg/L 赤霉素丙酮溶液浸种24～48小时,是茄子种子尤其是休眠种子预处理的最优方法,可使发芽率由81%提高到96%～100%。发芽势由68%提高到95%～99%.     

Relationship between Olsen P and Ammonium Lactate–Extractable P in Portuguese Acid Soils

The soil phosphorus (P) test in Portugal is based on extraction with ammonium lactate (AL) at acidic pH. Because this test is rarely used in other countries, it is desirable to see whether the AL-P values correlate with the more commonly used P tests. In this work, we compared AL-P with bicarbonate-extractable P (Olsen's method) for a group of 48 samples from Portuguese acidic soils differing widely in P status. Despite their contrasting composition, both reagents extracted phosphate from the same sources, albeit in different proportions. Both Olsen P and AL-P were strongly correlated with resin-extractable and dilute electrolyte-desorbable P, which are respectively related to the soil contents in phytoavailable P and P that can be released to runoff or drainage water. Olsen P and AL-P were strongly correlated (R² = 0.870), the correlation became stronger when three overfertilized soils were excluded (Olsen P = 2.35 + 0.45 AL-P; R² = 0.908; P ≤ 0.001, n = 45). No correlation was observed for a group of soils recently fertilized with Gafsa phosphate probably because the acidic AL reagent dissolved residual calcium phosphate, thus overestimating the soil content in desorbable P. On the basis of the present results and the AL-P-based fertility classes used for fertilizer recommendation purposes, Olsen P–based fertility classes were tentatively proposed for Portuguese acidic soils.