主动蓄热体内部空气热交换系统的传热性能及参数调控

利用日光温室提供主动蓄热体参数研究所需的环境条件,测试了不同风速、空气温度以及空气-土壤温度差对主动蓄热体内空气-土壤热交换系统的管道内部温度、进出口温差以及蓄放热能力的影响规律,以期获得主动蓄热体内部管道通风系统的传热效率及优化调控参数。结果表明:同一风速条件下,进出口温差随室内空气温度增加而增加。放热阶段,当进风口以风速0.5～4.0m·s^-1运行时,系统放热量随着风速增加而增加,平均放热流量为9.8～73.9 W;蓄热阶段,当进风口以风速0.5～2.0m·s^-1运行时,系统蓄热量随风速增加而增加,平均蓄热流量为21.4～70.2 W,当进风口以风速2.0、4.0m·s^-1运行时,平均蓄热流量仅相差2.7 W,性能系数COP相差不大。同一风速条件下,随着室内空气-土壤温度差值不断增大,进出风口温差也不断增加,同时建议白天风机开启蓄热时设定的室内空气温度最少应该比蓄热体内土壤温度高4.5℃。     

英语中的女性语言分析

性别差异是语言学的一个基本特征。语言中的性别差异,是语言使用者出于社会、文化、习俗等方面的考虑所表现出来的一种语言现象。语言和性别相互影响、相互作用,性别差异的客观存在决定了语言对性别差异的反映。通过语言这面镜子,透视一下英语在语音、词汇、句法等层面所表现出来的女性语言特征,并深入分析其产生的根源。并且从女性角度,探索了消除语言上性别差异的策略和途径。     

一类半线性变系数抛物型方程的二阶差分格式

本文对一类半线性变系数抛物型方程初边值问题建立了一个二阶差分格式,证明了差分格式解的存在唯一性、关于初值的无条件稳定性和在L∞范数下阶数为O(2τ+h2)的收敛性,最后给出的数值算例验证了理论结果。     

Effects of N-methyl-D, L-aspartate on secretion of growth hormone-releasing hormone from the boar hypothalamic-preoptic area and median eminence in vitro

N-methyl-D, L-aspartate (NMA) elicited secretion of growth hormone (GH)-releasing hormone from both the hypothalamic-preoptic area and the median eminence that were collected from boars. We suggest that the previously described increase in GH secretion that follows peripheral treatment of swine with NMA is attributable, at least in part, to NMA-stimulated secretion of GH-releasing hormone from the central nervous system.     

甘肃省土地资源可持续利用定量评价

从资源、环境、经济和社会4方面构建土地资源可持续利用评价指标模型,并选择23个参评因子,对甘肃省土地资源可持续利用空间差异进行定量分析,发现甘肃省土地资源可持续利用水平有明显的空间差异,认为各地在资源开发、经济发展、社会进步和环境保护方面有待进一步协调。     

Habitat loss, Fragmentation, and Alteration – Quantifying the Impactof Land-use Changes on a Spanish Dehesa Landscape by Use of Aerial Photography and GIS

Mediterranean agroforestry landscapes, dehesas, experience significant structural changes that affect their ability to support habitats for a rich biodiversity. The goal of this study is to provide quantitative information on loss, fragmentation, and alteration of holm oak (Quercus ilex) stands over a 42-year period, based on two sites in the lowlands of Cáceres province, Spain. Aerial photography and orthoimages from 1956, 1984, and 1998 were processed in a geographic information system (GIS). Important changes in demography and land-use were rural depopulation, abandonment of traditional agricultural activities, and a sharp increase in livestock stocking levels. These were related to intensification and extensification of land-uses determined by national and EU agricultural policies. Results of the land cover analysis indicated that dehesas suffered an annual 0.27% and 0.04% decrease in cover in the two sites. From 1984 loss rate had markedly accelerated (0.83% and 0.30%). Most dehesas were lost by shrub encroachment or conversion to open grassland. Fragmentation through roads increased by 28% and 45%, while rural buildings decreased by 17% and 50% from 1956 to 1998. Mean tree density decreased from 1956 to 1984, but a recovery was found since 1984. Significant factors determining stand densities in most time points were altitude (related with different land-uses and geological substrates), ownership, and proximity to villages. This suggests that stand structure is controlled both by human interventions and ecological settings. The findings support the view that opposite trends of land abandonment and intensification of land-uses arise in most northern Mediterranean countries as an effect of the EU Common Agricultural Policy.     

中国南方竹区4种竹笋夜蛾的形态比较研究

竹笋夜蛾是我国重要的一类竹子笋期害虫,种类多,形态相似,难以区分,为更为准确地识别主要竹笋夜蛾的种类,本研究通过野外取样和室内饲养,对竹笋基夜蛾Kumasia kumaso、竹笋禾夜蛾Oligia vulgaris、笋连秀夜蛾Apamea repetita conjuncta及竹笋秀夜蛾Apamea apameoides 4种竹笋夜蛾卵、幼虫趾钩、臀棘及成虫翅脉和生殖器形态进行了观察和比较。结果表明,竹笋基夜蛾在卵形态、幼虫体色和雌雄生殖器形态上与其他3种竹笋夜蛾形态差异明显,其余3种夜蛾幼虫体表背线和亚背线形态有差异,趾钩、臀棘、翅脉和雌、雄外生殖器形态差异不显著。本研究明确了我国南方竹区4种竹笋夜蛾的形态差异,为竹笋夜蛾的精准防控提供了参考。     

Seasonal variation in pigmentation and anthocyanidin phenetics in commercial Eustoma flowers

The seasonal change in petal color and pigmentation of 29 commercial Eustoma cultivars was studied. The flowers are basically divided into four groups according to the major anthocyanidin phenotype in association with petal coloration, i.e., delphinidin (Dp)-based (purple flower), cyanidin (Cy)-based (reddish purple flower), pelargonidin (Pg)-based (pink flower), and none (white flower) groups. The constitution of petal anthocyanidins was not changed by forcing treatment in most of the flowers. Lightness (L^*) and chroma (C^*, color saturation) showed a change along with the increase/decrease of hue angle difference (ΔH^*), thus simultaneously the chromatic tonalities tended to move to redder and bluer, respectively. Floral pigment clustering described two flower groups in a dendrogram, based on anthocyanidin constitutions as phenetic markers, which are apparently the Dp- and Pg-based phenotypes of anthocyanidin syntheses. The Cy-based flowers made a subcluster with the Pg-based flowers, indicating a close relationship in the biosynthesis of the two anthocyanidins, and suggesting the Dp- and Pg-syntheses complement one another.     

试论美语和英语的差异及其由来与发展

简明而又系统地论述美国英语同英国英语在读音、拼写、用词和语法方面的差异,并从社会和时代发展的观点及美国历史变迁和经济发展的视角,分析了产生这些差异的主要原因,展望了两种英语相互弥补、融为一体、形成一种标准英语的乐观前景.     

比较教学法在焊工工艺学课程教学中的应用

焊工工艺学是培养学生全面掌握中级电焊工工艺技术理论知识的专业课程,其涵盖面广,学生学习吃力,教学难度较大。为使学生全面、彻底地掌握焊工工艺学课程的内容,运用比较教学法授课,收到较好的效果。