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61.
基于目前中国农业经营模式的基础上,分析了松溪县农业产业化的现状.对该县农业产业化发展的优势与劣势进行了探讨,并针对松溪县的农业产业化发展困境,提出了促进该县农业产业化快速发展的战略措施。 相似文献
62.
In high-income countries depression and cardiovascular diseases were predicted to be the two leading causes of DALYs in the year 2030. Private-life stress fosters both kinds of diseases. Scientific findings already show that forest exposure has stress-reducing effects. Particularly in Japan, people have practiced forest bathing to improve their health. The German population also has a strong connection to its forests, and forest law allows forest access, regardless of ownership structure. Hence, the question arises of whether forest exposure could be used in Germany as a kind of stress-coping strategy. To a certain degree, the success of such a strategy in Germany would require the participation of the stakeholders that are active in both the health and the forestry sectors. Therefore, it seems necessary to gain insight into German forest and health professionals' understanding and attitude concerning forest-related health benefits. For this reason, in this pilot study, guideline interviews with professionals of both sectors and with professionals standing in between these professions were conducted, recorded and transcribed. On the one hand, each professional’s presumptions regarding the health-fostering effects of forests were investigated, derived from their subjective certainty that forest exposure has health-fostering effects. In addition, a thought experiment was used to estimate the level of willingness to cooperate with each other in order to motivate people to be physically active in forests. For analysis, Mayring’s qualitative content analysis and a frequency analysis (MaxQDA) were applied. Findings show that most of the interviewed professionals presume forests to have health-fostering effects. Furthermore, something derived from the statements within the context of the thought experiment was that most professionals seem to be willing to cooperate with the other sector. Hence, it might be conceivable that forest exposure may be part of a German stress-coping strategy. 相似文献
63.
针对农产品质量安全事件的特点,利用粗糙集方法,通过对10个样本案例进行属性分析与约简,确定了危害源毒性、影响范围、死亡人数、伤害人数和人口密度5个农产品质量安全事件等级综合评价指标,通过重要度分析得到各指标的权重分别为0.2、0.2、0.1、0.3和0.2.在此基础上构建了农产品质量安全事件等级评价模型;将模型计算语言化,以WebGIS为工具,设计与实现了农产品质量安全应急管理系统;通过模拟某次农产品质量安全事件表明,该系统能提高对事件的处置能力,也便于直观看到处置过程,为进行农产品质量安全应急管理提供参考. 相似文献
64.
65.
W. De Boer M. P. J. Hundscheid J. M. T. Schotman S. R. Troelstra H. J. Laanbroek 《Biology and Fertility of Soils》1993,15(2):120-126
Summary The effect of liming on in-situ N transformations was studied in two stands of different ages of each of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.), Douglas fir [Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco], and common oak (Quercus robur L.). The stands were located on acid sandy soils in an area with high atmospheric N input. The organic matter of the upper 10-cm layer of the soil, including the forest floor, had a relatively high N content (C: N ratio <25) in all stands. Using a sequential core technique, N transformations were measured in both control plots and plots that had been limed 3 years previously with 3 t ha-1 of dolomitic lime. Limed plots had a higher net NO
inf3
sup-
production and a higher potential for NO
inf3
sup-
leaching than the controls in all stands except that of the younger oak. Net N mineralization did not differ significantly between limed and control plots in oak stands and younger coniferous stands but was significantly lower in the limed plots of the older coniferous stands. It is concluded that long-term measurements of net N mineralization in limed forest soils are needed to evaluate the effect of liming with respect to the risk of groundwater pollution. 相似文献
66.
农机工业必须依靠科技创新走新型工业化道路 总被引:8,自引:1,他引:8
分析了农机工业在新形势下不能适应我国农业发展和全面建设小康社会要求的现状,指出走新型工业化道路势在必行;系统论述了农机工业走新型工业化道路必须依靠科技创新,提高农机企业的管理水平和农机产品的科技含量,提升市场综合竞争力,开发新型农机技术和产品,保持农机工业和现代农业的可持续发展,发展先进技术装备和劳动力资源相结合的组合技术等主要方向和任务;提出了建设农机科技创新体系、支持农机创新活动等政策性措施和建议。 相似文献
67.
Summary Microbial biomass in the upper 7 cm of soil and needle decomposition on the forest floor were measured seasonally for 10 months in a mountain hemlock (Tsuga mertensiana) old-growth forest and in a regrowth forest after Phellinus weirii, a root-rot pathogen infection, had caused disturbance. The microbial biomass was higher in the old-growth forest soil than in the regrowth forest soil. However, T. mertensiana needle decomposition rates were higher in the regrowth than in the old-growth forest. Total N, Ca, Fe, Cu, and Zn concentrations in needles increased during the 1st year of decomposition in both the old and the regrowth forests, but P, K, Mg, Mn, and B concentrations decreased. N, P, K, Mg, Cu, and Zn concentrations were lower in regrowth than in old-growth decomposing needles. During mineralization, needles in the regrowth forests released more N, P, and K as a result of higher needle decomposition rates. Our results suggest that higher needle decomposition rates increased the mineralization of N, P, and K, which may lead to increased soil fertility and faster tree growth rates in the regrowth forest. 相似文献
68.
利用层次分析与Fuzzy数学相结合方法,对辽宁省东部山区5种森林植被类型水源涵养能力进行了多目标综合评判。首先利用层次分析法确定了评价因子林冠截留、林冠蒸散、枯落物蓄水、土壤容重、非毛管孔隙度、初渗速率、稳渗速率、土壤总蓄水和土壤有效水的权重集为C=(0.0245,0.0051,0.1993,0.0109,0.0762,0.0565,0.2827,0.0573,0.2866),然后利用最大模糊熵原则确定了评价因子的隶属函数,最后利用Fuzzy综合评判得出油松、落叶松、红松、柞木林、杂木林评价结果模糊子集为B=(0.4686,0.3784,0.4145,0.6128,0.4808),结果表明阔叶林水源涵养效益高于针叶林,其中柞木林效益最佳。 相似文献
69.
Stephanie A. Boyle Peter J. Bottomley Kermit Cromack Jr. 《Soil biology & biochemistry》2006,38(5):870-878
In order to examine the effects of disturbance, vegetation type, and microclimate on denitrification and denitrifier community composition, experimental plots were established at the H. J. Andrews Experimental Forest in the Cascade Mountains of Oregon. Soil cores were reciprocally transplanted between meadow and forest and samples were collected after 1 and 2 years. Denitrifying enzyme activity (DEA) was measured using the acetylene block assay and terminal restriction length polymorphism profiles were generated with nosZ primers that target the gene coding for nitrous oxide reductase. Nitrate concentrations, C mineralization, and water content were measured to gain additional insights into soil properties controlling DEA. Meadow soils were significantly higher in DEA than forest soils, and the highest DEA levels were observed in cores transferred from the meadow into the forest. Nitrate concentrations were also different between forest and meadow soils, but did not correlate to DEA. DEA was higher in open versus closed cores, suggesting an association between denitrification and the rhizosphere. Denitrifier communities of undisturbed forest and meadow soils shifted through a 4-year period but remained distinct from each other. Similarly, denitrifier communities clustered by vegetation type of origin regardless of manipulation, suggesting that the overall denitrifier communities are well buffered against environmental changes. 相似文献
70.
Robert L. Deal 《Biological conservation》2007,137(4):520-532
Coastal rainforests of southeast Alaska have relatively simple species composition but complex structures with high diversity of tree ages, sizes and forest canopy layers, and an abundant understory plant community. Wildlife and fisheries resources also play an important role in the ecological functioning of forest and aquatic systems. Clearcutting has greatly altered these forest ecosystems with significant decreases in structural diversity of forest stands and greatly reduced wildlife habitat. This paper synthesizes information on management options in older forests that have never been actively managed, and in younger forests to increase diversity of stand structures and their associated effects on biodiversity. Light to moderate levels of partial cutting in old-growth forests can maintain the original diversity of overstory stand structures and understory plant communities. In younger forests that develop after clearcutting, mixed alder-conifer stands provide more heterogeneous structures and significantly higher understory biomass than in pure conifer forests. Research has shown that red alder increases diversity and abundance of understory plants, and provides forage for deer and small mammals. Results also show a clear linkage between alder and improved invertebrate diversity in aquatic systems. A combination of light partial cutting in older forests along with inclusion of red alder in conifer-dominated forests could provide the greatest amount of diversity and maintain the complex stand structures that are an important component of these forest ecosystems. 相似文献