基于正交小波系数的阈值降噪法

依据信号与噪声小波变换系数的差异,提出的用阈值法去噪可以很好的使噪声得到抑制,且几乎保留了原始信号所有的特征点.本文详细阐述了小波分析信噪分离的基本原理和方法,通过仿真分析得到良好的效果,为信号去噪提供一条有效的途径.     

中草药大黄小波变换的近红外光谱聚类分析

采用小波变换技术对近红外光谱压缩,减少训练时间,并以聚类法定性,以鉴别不同产地的大黄(Rheum palmatum L.).该方法可有效鉴别不同产地的大黄,与传统鉴别结果基本一致.结果表明,近红外漫反射光谱法作为一种快速简便的分析技术,可用于大黄等中草药的质量控制,为大黄的生药鉴定提供参考.     

基于傅立叶变换的发动机缺缸故障检测

对发动机缺缸故障的诊断进行了研究,通过利用傅立叶变换对正常状态和缺缸状态下发动机的声音信号进行处理和分析,提取出发动机缺缸的故障特征.并用检测实例进行了验证;结果表明缺缸故障可以准确判定,这为分析发动机缺缸故障提供了一种有效的方法.     

同轴异面方法及其应用

用同轴异面方法剖析了函数的复合过程,通过内在变量的等值关系,建立了变量间的直角三棱锥规则,解决了参数方程、等积变换、函数与其导数间的关系等问题。     

Identification of Acceleration Pulses of Near-Fault Earthquake Ground Motion by Wavelet

Acceleration pulses have been found in near-fault earthquake ground motions long ago and attracted lots of researchers, since such pulses, especially low frequency pulses have great impact on engineering structures. Many people previously focused on velocity pulses which result from acceleration pulses, however, recently a few researchers began to directly study acceleration pulses, such as to get high frequency pulses and low frequency pulses with empirical mode decomposition. Wavelet transform was utilized to decompose acceleration records. Subsequently high frequency and low frequency components of the records were obtained and acceleration pulses were identified. By comparisons in response spectra and structural nonlinear responses, it is proved that the decomposition of acceleration records with wavelet is reliable and the identification of acceleration pulses is correct.     

小波神经网络在模拟电路故障诊断中的应用研究

对模拟电路提出了一种基于小波与神经网络辅助式结合的故障诊断方法．该方法用小波变换作为模拟电路故障信号的预处理器，大大减少神经网络的输入数目，简化神经网络结构和减少它的训练时间，提高辨识故障能力．在介绍该故障诊断方法的基本原理后。给出了小波函数及故障特征选择的方法．     

酸催化下苯酚液化木材的制备与表征

在硫酸作用下用苯酚对人工林杨木和杉木进行液化,考察反应时间、反应温度等对液化反应的影响,并对液化产物进行表征分析.结果表明:1)在硫酸催化下,杨木和杉木被苯酚液化的历程相似,但残渣含量稍有不同.酸性催化剂不仅对纤维素和半纤维素起作用,对木质素也起作用.2)反应温度比反应时间对液化效率的影响大,二者均能影响液化产物的分子量和分子量分布.通常杉木液化产物的重均分子量高于杨木.3)液化过程中,木质素和半纤维素首先被液化,最后是纤维素.木材组分的分解、酚化和再缩聚反应主宰整个液化动力学过程及液化产物的结构特征.     

醋酸水溶液处理对杉树材影响

为了研究醋酸水溶液处理给杉树材重量带来的变化,使用醋酸水溶液对杉树材进行了处理。结果发现处理后杉树材重量的减小量大约等于抽出物的重量,而且随着醋酸水溶液浓度的增加而增加。利用傅立叶变换红外光谱法对处理后的杉树材及抽出物进行了光谱分析。从处理后杉树材的光谱图可以观察到3400cm-1附近的OH伸缩振动及1510cm-1附近的木质素中苯环C=C伸缩振动的吸收强度有增加倾向。从醋酸水溶液抽出物光谱图可以发现用浓度30%醋酸水溶液处理时木质素被溶出。图2表2参6。     

Prediction of bending properties for structural glulam using optimized distributions of knot characteristics and laminar MOE

This study established a prediction model for bending properties of glued-laminated timber (glulam) using optimized knot and modulus of elasticity (MOE) distributions of lumber laminate as the main input variables. For this purpose, knot and MOE data were investigated for all pieces of lumber that were prepared for glulam manufacturing, and statistical distributions of knot size, knot number in one lumber, and MOE of each laminate were optimized as distribution functions. These knot and MOE data were used as input variables in the prediction model for bending properties, and were also used in generating virtual glulam using the inverse transform method. Prediction of bending properties for glulam was carried out using the transformed section method, which is partially provided in ASTM D 3737 (Annex A4). Predicted values were compared with those from full-scale four-point bending tests for 60 six-layered glulams with 10 different laminar combinations. Finally, the allowable bending properties of glulam for each specific laminate combination were determined by calculating the fifth percentile of the modulus of rupture and the average modulus of elasticity from virtual test results of more than 1000 virtual glulams. From the results of this study, predicted bending properties for glulam and their distributions could be used for structural design in both allowable stress design and limit state design.     

基于双变量同化和交叉小波变换的冬小麦单产估测

为进一步提高陕西省关中平原冬小麦产量估测的精度,利用集合卡尔曼滤波算法(EnKF)将CERES-Wheat模型模拟的0～20 cm土壤含水率和叶面积指数(LAI)与遥感观测的条件植被温度指数(VTCI)和LAI进行同化,同时利用交叉小波变换分析冬小麦各生育时期同化VTCI和LAI与产量之间的共振周期,通过计算小波互相关度获得各生育时期同化VTCI和LAI的权重,进而构建基于加权VTCI和LAI的冬小麦单产估测模型。结果表明,在样点尺度,经过EnKF同化的VTCI和LAI能够综合表达模型模拟值和遥感观测值的变化趋势;在区域尺度,无论是否同化,经过交叉小波变换的各生育时期VTCI和LAI分别与产量之间存在特定的共振周期,同时发现,同化有助于对关键生育时期的特征提取;相较于未同化构建的估产模型,经过同化构建的估产模型的归一化均方根误差为13.23%,决定系数为0.50,平均相对误差为10.58%,精度略有提升,且估测产量的分布与统计产量的分布更为一致,因此认为将同化与交叉小波相结合构建的双变量单产估测模型精度更高,可为进一步实现高精度的区域产量估测提供研究基础。