姜花离体再生体系的建立

为建立姜花离体再生体系,对姜花离体培养过程中种子萌发诱导与不定芽增殖培养基的筛选,以及试管苗生根、移栽等关键技术进行了试验。结果表明:诱导外植体萌芽的最适培养基为MS;培养基MS+6-BA 1.0 mg/L+NAA 0.2 mg/L利于诱导丛芽及增殖,芽的增殖系数可达4.76,培养基1/2 MS+IBA 0.5 mg/L适宜再生苗的生根诱导。     

蒿菜面条的研制

以蒿菜粉、面粉为主要原料,在单因素试验的基础上,通过L_9(3~4)正交试验对蒿菜面条加工工艺进行优化,结果表明,蒿菜面条的最佳制作工艺条件为:蒿菜粉添加量1.0%、加水量36%、和面时间3 min、压片后醒发时间30 min,在此工艺条件下制得的蒿菜面条呈浅绿色,表面较光滑,耐咀嚼,口感较爽滑,略有淡淡的苦涩蒿菜味,平均感官品质评分为71.7分。     

大叶茼蒿幼苗对芘胁迫的响应

采用土培方法探讨大叶茼蒿幼苗对芘胁迫的响应。结果表明:芘对大叶茼蒿种子发芽率无影响,对幼苗株高、根长和叶面积有显著抑制;芘处理的大叶茼蒿幼苗叶内叶绿素a、叶绿素b含量显著下降,丙二醛(MDA)含量、细胞质膜透性(CMP)显著增加;在芘浓度大于50 mg/kg时,超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性均受到抑制。     

4种姜花属植物花粉活力和柱头可授性研究

[目的]为姜花属植物种间有性杂交育种提供理论依据。[方法]采用TTC法、联苯胺-过氧化氢法测定4种姜花属植物白姜花、圆瓣姜花、红姜花和金姜花的花粉活力和柱头可授性。[结果]4种植物花粉活力在89.7%~97.8%,其中红姜花的花粉活力最高,然后依次为：白姜花、圆瓣姜花和金姜花;4种植物的柱头可授性在91.3%~98.7%,其大小依次为：白姜花、圆瓣姜花、红姜花和金姜花。[结论]4种姜花属植物都具有较高的花粉活力和柱头可授性,其中白姜花的花粉活力和柱头可授性均最高。     

Exploration of intra- and inter-population genetic diversity in <Emphasis Type="Italic">Hedysarum coronarium</Emphasis> L. by AFLP markers

Amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers were used to characterize the genetic diversity within and among natural populations and cultivars of Hedysarum coronarium. Twelve populations within Tunisia were evaluated with three AFLP primer combinations. A total of 207 reproducible bands was detected of which 178 (86%) were polymorphic. The great discriminative power of AFLP markers and their ability to represent genetic relationships among Hedysarum plants was demonstrated. Genetic diversity within and among populations was assessed through Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis by using the Neighbor-joining clustering algorithm. AFLP technology has provided evidence of a high degree of intra- and inter-population genetic diversity in H. coronarium. AFLP banding patterns provided molecular markers correlated with the plants’ geotropism. In addition, AFLP markers can differentiate wild accessions from cultivars. Moreover, geographical origins did not correspond to population clustering.     

红姜花体细胞胚胎发生及植株再生的研究

以红姜花（Hedychium coccineum）的花丝和花药为外植体,通过体细胞胚胎发生途径建立了植株再生体系。结果表明：外植体在MS + 4 mg ? L-1 2,4-D + 4 mg ? L-1 NAA + 1 mg ? L-1 6-BA + 30 g ? L-1 蔗糖 + 7 g ? L-1 琼脂的培养基上经过120 d诱导出愈伤组织,愈伤组织在MS + 1 mg ? L-1 2,4-D + 0.25 mg ? L-1 NAA + 0.25 mg ? L-1 6-BA + 30 g ? L-1 蔗糖 + 7 g ? L-1琼脂的培养基上经过继代筛选,获得浅黄色松散易碎的胚性愈伤组织。胚性愈伤组织在MS无机盐 + B5维生素+ 100 mg ? L-1谷氨酰胺 + 230 mg ? L-1 脯氨酸 + 100 mg ? L-1麦芽提取物 + 0.02 mg ? L-1 NAA + 0.02 mg ? L-1 TDZ + 0.5 ~ 1.0 mg ? L-1 2,4-D + 45 g ? L-1蔗糖的培养基中通过3个月的悬浮培养,可得到均质稳定的胚性细胞悬浮系（ECS）。胚性悬浮细胞在SH无机盐 + B5维生素 + 100 mg ? L-1谷氨酰胺 + 230 mg ? L-1脯氨酸 + 100 mg ? L-1麦芽提取物 + 0.25 mg ? L-1 NAA + 0 ~ 0.20 mg ? L-1 TDZ + 45 g ? L-1蔗糖 + 7 g ? L-1琼脂的体胚诱导培养基中培养10 d,可见到白色半透明体胚发生,20 d后体胚发育成熟。当TDZ浓度为0.15 mg ? L-1时,体胚诱导率高达4 500个 ? mL-1 PCV ECS（PCV：细胞密实体积）。在SH无机盐 + B5维生素 + 0.20 mg ? L-1 IAA + 0.25 ~ 1.0 mg ? L-1 6-BA + 30 g ? L-1蔗糖 + 7 g ? L-1琼脂的体胚萌发培养基上,体胚萌发率高达100%。将萌发的体胚转移到1/2MS + 1 g ? L-1活性炭成苗培养基中,进一步发育成正常的再生植株,植株室外栽培成活率达90%。     

白姜花施肥的研究

白姜花作为香料植物由南亚热带引种到中亚热带栽种是成功的。为提高花的产量,已找出较为合理的N—P_2O_5—K_2O配比为3.4∶1∶3.1。以追肥方式,每公倾全年施用量N—127kg,P_2O_5—3.8kg,K_2O—117.6kg。栽种密度为5丛/m~2,每公倾鲜花量达36.085t。     

The inclusion of a daisy plant (Chrysanthemum coronarium) in dairy sheep diet. 1: Effect on milk and cheese fatty acid composition with particular reference to C18:2 cis-9, trans-11

An experiment was carried out to evaluate the effect on milk and cheese fatty acid composition of the inclusion of Chrysanthemum coronarium L., (Asteracea) into dairy sheep diet. Plots sown either with a binary mixture consisting of Lolium rigidum Gaudin and Medicago polymorpha (LM) or a ternary mixture including the above species and C. coronarium were (LMC) grazed by groups of Sarda dairy ewes during May. The botanical composition of diet, as measured by n-alkane method, showed that 34% of LMC group diet consisted of Chrysanthemum flowers and leaves. Exposure of sheep to this non-conventional forage did not affect animal performance and milk composition (fat and casein, P > 0.05) but resulted in different milk and cheese fatty acid composition. In particular conjugated linoleic acid, vaccenic acid and linoleic acid were all higher in LMC than LM groups (P < 0.05). The probable main reason was the higher proportion of linoleic acid in Chrysanthemum forage and hence in LMC than LM diet.     

黄姜花组培快繁技术

以黄姜花的笋芽为外植体,研究了外植体的消毒、丛生芽的增殖及生根培养等关键步骤的配方。结果表明:1)利用ρ=1g·L-1的升汞对外植体进行消毒的最佳时间为12min;2)黄姜花丛生芽增殖的较优配方为:3/4MS+6-BA3.5mg·L-1+水解酪蛋白1000mg·L-1+蔗糖30g·L-1,继代周期25d,增殖倍数为5.83;3)1/2MS+NAA0.5mg·L-1的生根培养基效果最好,平均生根数达9.17条,平均根长2.73㎝,植株健壮;4)将试管苗移裁在V河砂︰V表土=1︰1的基质中,25d后成活率可达91.67%,植株生长良好。