低能离子注入后小麦苗期损伤效应研究

以鉴54、豫农118及豫麦18号为材料,研究了不同剂量率、剂量离子注入对小麦幼苗生长的影响。结果表明,随着剂量率和剂量的增加小麦幼苗损伤程度逐渐加剧,具体表现在苗高降低、第一叶长变短。剂量率间差异显著,品种间有辐射敏感性差异。另外苗期还发现了一些变异,主要表现为主叶脉失绿和形态畸形。离子束诱变的合适剂量在6×1017ions/cm2以上。     

空蚀、磨损及其联合作用研究进展

空蚀、磨损及两者联合作用是目前流体机械破坏的重要原因，通过实验及数值模拟研究得到空蚀、磨损及两者联合作用的机理是发展流体机械优化设计方法、提高流体机械抵抗空蚀磨损破坏能力的基础．由于影响空蚀、磨损及两者联合作用行为的因素既有速度、压力等流场参数，又有沙粒和材料特性等，近年来此领域的研究在空蚀磨损及联合作用机理、各因素间的相互影响及高抗破坏材料等方面展开．基于此，本文选择性的分析了相关的报道文献，为进一步开展流体机械过流表面快速破坏机理的研究提供理论支持．     

湿式多盘制动器的研究现状及展望

分别对国内外在湿式多盘制动器摩擦副间对流换热机理、摩擦衬片压力分布规律、摩擦偶件温度场与应力场的分析、摩擦衬盘与对偶钢盘的摩擦机理、制动噪声、制动过程的影响因素、整体散热特性及其试验研究等方面的研究现状进行了综述和评价，并对湿式多盘制动器的某些研究内容提出了新的见解，最后展望了湿式多盘制动器的研究方向及其发展动态。     

玉米芯挥发特性的实验研究

为了更好地控制玉米芯汽化器的产气质量，有必要研究玉米芯的挥发特性。通过实验，研究了玉米芯的挥发份析出过程和特性，提出了在高温下玉米芯的挥发过程满足Ａｒｒｈｅｎｉｕｓ定律的假定，并由实验证是可行的，并且得出了相应的热化学动力学参考。     

混合状态下散体的传热过程研究

根据热力学第一定律，利用集中参数法，导出了混合状态下散体非稳态传热方程：Ｔ－Ｔ０Ｔ∞－Ｔ０＝１－ｅ－τ上述理论与实验结果相当吻合，是研究散体传热理论问题的重要参考     

装载机散热器模块进出口位置匹配试验

为提高车辆冷却系统中多散热器模块匹配的性能，对某装载机散热器模块在风洞测试平台上进行试验研究。试验散热器模块第1排是中冷器和液压油冷却器，第2排为水箱，第3排是变矩器油冷器。在风洞上对模块原型和在原型基础上互换变矩器油冷器进出油口位置的变型进行对比试验。试验结果表明，调整进出油口位置，能提高总的散热量，且对模块中单个散热器的性能影响更大。在设计中可以合理布置散热器进出油口位置，使得模块性能更加优异。     

Hyperbaric oxygen therapy activates CREB/BDNF signaling pathway to reduce synaptic damage in hippocampal neurons of Alzheimer disease mice

AIM To investigate the effect of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) on synaptic damage of hippocampal neurons in APP/PS1 transgenic (TG) mice and its possible mechanism. METHODS The 6-month-old male APP/PS1 TG mice were randomly divided into TG group, HBO group and cAMP response element binding protein (CREB) inhibitor H89 group, with 10 mice in each group. Ten male wild-type (WT) C57BL/6 mice of the same age were used as negative control group (WT group). The mice in HBO and H89 groups were treated with HBO for 6 cycles, while the mice in WT group and TG group were not treated. The learning and memory abilities were observed by Morris water maze. The nesting ability of the mice was detected by nesting test. The Nissl bodies in hippocampal neurons were observed by Nissl staining. The mRNA expression of CREB and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in hippocampus was detected by real-time PCR. The protein levels of synapsin (SYN), postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD95), growth-associated protein 43 (GAP43), CREB, phosphorylated CREB (p-CREB) and BDNF in the hippocampus were determined by Western blot. RESULTS Compared with WT group, the learning and memory abilities of the mice in TG group were signilficantly reduced (P<0.05). In addition, the nesting score, the number of Nissl bodies in the hippocampal neurons, the mRNA expression of CREB and BDNF, and the protein levels of SYN, PSD95, GAP43, p-CREB and BDNF were also decreased significantly (P<0.05). Compared with TG group, the learning and memory abilities of the mice in HBO group were improved (P<0.05). Meanwhile, the nesting scores of the mice were significantly increased (P<0.05), the neurons in the hippocampus were arranged neatly, and the number of Nissl bodies, the relative mRNA expression of CREB and BDNF,and the protein levels of SYN, PSD95, GAP43, p-CREB and BDNF were also increased significantly (P<0.05). Compared with HBO group, the mice in H89 group had poor learning and memory abilities, lowered nesting scores and decreased number of Nissl bodies. Futhermore, the relative mRNA expression of CREB and BDNF, and the protein levels of SYN, PSD95, GAP43, p-CREB and BDNF were also decreased significantly (P<0.05). CONCLUSION HBO improves the learning and memory abilities of APP/PS1 TG mice, and its mechanism may be related to activating the CREB/BDNF signaling pathway to reduce synaptic damage of hippocampal neurons in mice.     

大白菜TPS基因家族鉴定及其在高温胁迫下的表达分析

为明确大白菜TPS(BrTPS)家族成员信息及对高温胁迫信号的响应,本研究利用生物信息学方法,在大白菜基因组数据库中鉴定了BrTPS基因家族成员,并对其理化性质、进化特征、蛋白结构及在高温胁迫下的表达模式进行分析。结果表明,大白菜全基因组含有15个TPS基因家族成员,分布于8条染色体上。除BrTPS14和BrTPS15外,其余成员各含有1个TPS和1个TPP结构域,并且所含motif的排列顺序也完全一致。理化性质分析发现,15个成员的氨基酸长度介于129~1459 aa之间,分子量大小在14.73~165.83 kD之间,大部分BrTPS蛋白为酸性蛋白和亲水蛋白,以无规则卷曲作为二级结构主要构成元件。进化分析表明,大白菜TPS基因家族成员可分为2类,其中ClassⅠ包含5个成员,ClassⅡ包含10个成员。本研究对高温胁迫前后不同组织和持续高温胁迫下叶片中的表达分析,发现大部分的BrTPS基因可对高温胁迫产生响应,但在表达规律上存在差异。这些研究结果为后续研究大白菜TPS基因提供一定参考。     

青鳞鱼鱼肉提取物在加热过程中的性质研究

本文以青鳞鱼鱼肉为原料,采有冷水法和酶水解法制备提取物并对其在加热过程中的性质进行了研究。结果表明：①青鳞鱼鱼肉蛋白含量为68．3-71％且水溶性蛋白与水不溶性蛋白之比约为2：9;②酶水解法提取物非蛋白氮约为其总氮的50％．而冷水法提取物则为41．5％;③酶水解法提取物在50℃、60℃、70℃、80℃和90℃的温度条件下加热2h后．颜色明显加深,同时产生大量的呈香物质。但常规成分基本无变化;而冷水法提取物在同样的温度条件下,其颜色、滋味等感官特性变化不明显,但常规成分变化却明显;④提取物水溶性蛋白的变性温度为60—70℃,70—90℃时提取物总氮大部分是非蛋白氮。青鳞鱼提取物在加热过程中的这些性质为其加工和利用提供了重要的理论依据。