1-MCP对大果水晶梨冷藏效果的影响

通过对1-甲基环丙烯(1-MCP)处理大果水晶梨冷藏期间主要生理指标变化规律的分析,研究了1-MCP处理对大果水晶梨果实冷藏保鲜效果的影响。结果表明:浓度为2.5μL/L的1-MCP处理能明显减缓大果水晶梨的可溶性固形物的升高和硬度、可滴定酸含量的下降,延缓呼吸和乙烯高峰,降低峰值;其中5μL/L 1-MCP的处理对推迟大果水晶梨乙烯释放高峰和降低峰值尤为明显;不同浓度的1-MCP处理对大果水晶梨VC的保护效果不明显,贮藏后期果实腐烂率明显增加。     

Effects of isorhapontigenin on cell cycle arrest and down-regulation of cyclin D1 expression in bladder cancer cells

AIM：To explore the inhibitory mechanism of isorhapontigenin (ISO) on the proliferation, migration and invasion of UMUC3 bladder cancer cells. METHODS：Human UMUC3 bladder cancer cells were pretreated with ISO, and the proliferation of the cells was observed under phase-contrast microscope and by ATPase assay. The expression of cyclin D1 was determined by RT-PCR and Western blotting. The cell cycle alteration was detected by flow cytometry, and the cell migration was examined by wound-healing assay. RESULTS：Over 20 μmol/L of ISO significantly inhibited the proliferation of UMUC3 cells with the IC50 of (22.5±2.8) μmol/L. The mRNA and protein levels of cyclin D1 in UMUC3 cells were markedly decreased after treatment with ISO. Exposure of UMUC3 cells to low dose (5 μmol/L) of ISO led to significant induction of G0/G1 growth arrest at both 12 h (58.82%) and 24 h (63.94%), compared with the negative control cells (47.33%) without inducing obvious apoptosis. ISO at dose of 5 μmol/L also markedly inhibited the cell migration. CONCLUSION：ISO significantly exhibits inhibitory effects on the proliferation and migration of human bladder cancer cells by down-regulation of cyclin D1 expression accompanying with G0/G1 cell cycle arrest.     

Expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α and vascular density in mammary adenomas and adenocarcinomas in bitches

Background

The study aimed at examining hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)1α expression in adenocarcinomas and adenomas in bitches in regard to tumour malignancy grade, proliferation, apoptosis and vascularisation. Therefore, paraffin sections of 15 adenomas and 64 adenocarcinomas sampled from 79 dogs aged 6 to 16 years were analysed.

Results

A significantly higher HIF-1α expression was noted in adenocarcinomas in comparison to adenomas (P < 0.0004). Moreover, HIF-1α expression in adenocarcinomas correlated positively with tumour malignancy grade (r = 0.59, P < 0.05), Ki-67 antigen expression (r = 0.43; P < 0.0005), TUNEL-positive cells (r = 0.62, P < 0001) and tumour vascularity measured by quantification of vessels characterized by the expression of von Willebrand Factor (r = 0.57, P < 0.05).

Conclusion

Results of this study indicate a similar biological role of HIF-1α in dogs and in humans, which may confirm suitability of the animal model in investigations on progression of tumours in humans.     

ACVR1基因对京海黄鸡生长和繁殖性状的遗传效应研究

以京海黄鸡为材料,采用PCR-SSCP和DNA测序技术对ACVR1基因外显子多态性进行研究。结果表明,ACVR1基因20190 bp处发生G→A突变,检测到AA、AB和BB 3种基因型。A等位基因频率为0.9075,B等位基因频率为0.0925。基因型与生长和繁殖性状的关联性分析发现,BB基因型鸡的开产体重极显著高于AA基因型鸡(P<0.01),AA基因型鸡300日龄体重显著高于BB基因型鸡(P<0.05)。由此初步推断,ACVR1基因可能对京海黄鸡的产蛋和发育有一定的影响,A为体重的优势基因,B为产蛋的优势基因。     

马疱疹病毒1型主要毒力基因分析及TK基因缺失载体的构建

为了解新疆马疱疹病毒1型（EHV-1）主要毒力基因遗传进化情况并构建TK基因缺失株,本研究以EHV-1 XJ2015株DNA为模板,对其主要毒力基因TK、gI和gE全长进行克隆、测序及生物信息学分析,并扩增TK基因左右重组臂TKL和TKR,构建质粒pUC-TKLR,将扩增后的增强绿色荧光蛋白（EGFP,含有CMV+polyA）插入pUC-TKLR质粒,构建TK基因缺失打靶质粒。TK、gI和gE基因同源性分析结果显示,XJ2015株与国外EHV-1分离株TK、gI和gE基因同源性均较高,分别为99.8%~100.0%、99.6%~100.0%和99.9%~100.0%;与EHV-3分离株同源性均最低,分别为72.9%、59.4%和62.1%;遗传进化分析显示,3个基因均与国外EHV-1同属于一个遗传进化分支,与EHV-9和EHV-4进化关系较近,但与EHV-3进化关系较远,表明XJ2015毒株与国外EHV-1毒株TK、gI、gE基因核苷酸上差异不明显,没有明显的地域性特征,功能基因保守且进化缓慢,同源基因功能相同或相近;经PCR扩增、酶切、测序及转染鉴定,本试验成功构建了用于TK基因缺失的打靶质粒pUC-TKLR-EGFP。通过对EHV-1主要毒力基因的分析及TK基因缺失打靶载体的构建,为新疆地区马鼻肺炎流行病学调查分析、TK基因缺失株的构建提供理论依据。     

The T allele at the g.1471620G>T in the EDG1 gene associated with high marbling in Japanese Black cattle is at a low frequency in breeds not selected for marbling

Our previous study detected a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), g.1471620G > T , in the 5' flanking region of the endothelial differentiation sphingolipid G-protein-coupled receptor 1 ( EDG1 ) gene, which has been considered as a positional functional candidate for the gene responsible for marbling, and showed association of the g.1471620G > T SNP with marbling in Japanese Black beef cattle. In the present study, we investigated the allele frequency distribution of the g.1471620G > T SNP among the 5 cattle breeds, Japanese Black, Japanese Brown, Japanese Short Horn, Holstein, and Brown Swiss breeds. The T allele at the g.1471620G > T SNP associated with high marbling was found at high frequency in Japanese Black breed that has been subjected to a strong selection for high marbling, while the allele was absent or at very low frequencies in the other breeds that have not been strongly selected for high marbling. Based on this finding, we hypothesized that the pressure of the strong selection for high marbling in Japanese Black breed has increased the frequency of the T allele at the g.1471620G > T SNP in the EDG1 .     

冷刺激下AA肉鸡FBP1基因表达量的研究

为了解冷刺激条件下果糖-1,6-二磷酸酶1(FBP1)基因在肉鸡组织中的表达情况,试验选择75只AA肉鸡随机分成了对照组(正常饲养温度)和4个处理组(比正常饲养温度低3 ℃),从雏鸡8日龄开始每天分别进行1、3、5和24 h的冷刺激,在21日龄时结束冷刺激,并于22日龄屠宰测定FBP1基因在AA肉鸡各组织中的表达情况。结果表明,在冷刺激条件下,FBP1基因表达量存在组织特异性,在1 h处理组中FBP1基因在肝脏中的表达量显著高于其他各组织(P< 0.05),在3 h处理组中FBP1基因在肺脏中表达量显著高于除肝脏外的其他各组织(P< 0.05),在5 h处理组中FBP1基因在肝脏中的表达量显著高于其他各组织(P< 0.05),在24 h处理组中FBP1基因在胸腺中的表达量明显高于其他各组织(P< 0.05)。在相同组织不同处理组中,心脏FBP1基因的表达量除3 h组明显降低外,其余处理组随冷刺激时间延长呈下降趋势,肝脏中FBP1基因表达量在5 h组中显著高于其他各处理组(P< 0.05),脾脏中FBP1基因的表达量除在1 h组中明显降低外,其余各处理组随冷刺激时间延长呈下降趋势,肺脏中FBP1基因的表达量呈先上升后下降的趋势,肾脏中FBP1基因表达量除在24 h组中明显降低外,其余各组没有明显变化,胸腺中24 h组FBP1基因表达量显著高于其他处理组(P< 0.05),且其他处理组与对照组差异不显著(P >0.05)。     

Methyl donors dietary supplementation to gestating sows diet improves the growth rate of offspring and is associating with changes in expression and DNA methylation of insulin‐like growth factor‐1 gene

The study aimed to investigate the effects of maternal dietary methyl donors on the performance of sows and their offspring, and the associated hepatic insulin‐like growth factor‐1 (IGF‐1) expression of the offspring. A total of 24 multiparous sows were randomly fed the control (CON) or the CON diet supplemented with methyl donors (MD) at 3 g/kg betaine, 15 mg/kg folic acid, 400 mg/kg choline and 150 μg/kg VB₁₂, from mating until delivery. After farrowing, sows were fed a common lactation diet through a 28‐days lactation period and six litters per treatment were selected to be fed until at approximately 110 kg BW. Maternal MD supplementation resulted in greater birthweight (p < 0.05) and increased the piglet weights (p < 0.01) and litter weights (p < 0.05) at the age of day 28, compared with that in CON group. The offspring pigs in the MD group had greater ADG (p < 0.05) and tended to lower F:G ratio (p = 0.07) compared with that of CON group from day 28 to 180 of age. The offspring pigs from MD group had greater serum IGF‐1 concentrations and expressions of hepatic IGF‐1 gene and muscular IGF‐1 receptor (IGF‐1r) protein at birth (p < 0.05), and greater hepatic IGF‐1 protein (p = 0.03) and muscular IGF‐1r gene expressions (p < 0.05) at slaughter, than that from the CON group. Moreover, the methylation at the promoter of IGF‐1 gene in the liver of newborn piglets and finishing pigs was greater in the MD group than that of the CON group (p < 0.05). In conclusion, maternal MD supplementation throughout gestation could enhance the birthweight and postnatal growth rate of offspring, associated with an increased expression of the IGF‐1 gene and IGF‐1r, as well as the altered DNA methylation of IGF‐1 gene promotor.     

耐贮运番茄品种奥林618的选育

奥林618是用耐贮硬肉型番茄自交系61-3-18-15为母本,68-5-3-1为父本配制成的耐贮型番茄一代杂种。早熟性好,始花节位第8节左右。坐果率高,定植后60～65 d（天）收获,可连续采收7～14穗果实,以留7穗果计算,平均露地产量7 000～8 000 kg·（667 m²）^-1,保护地可达10 000 kg·（667 m²）^-1以上;果面光滑,大红色,亮度好,平均单果质量200 g左右,果形指数0.78,果肉厚0.9 cm,无绿肩,转色快且均匀;耐低温弱光、耐高湿;高抗晚疫病,中抗青枯病;耐贮运,常温下货架期达20～25 d（天）。适宜北方地区日光温室春提前、秋延后栽培以及南方地区露地越冬栽培和部分地区高山越夏栽培。     

茄子新品种冀茄2号（茄杂1号）的选育

冀茄２号（茄杂１号）是以Ｅ－９０１为母本，Ｅ－９０２为父本育成的一代杂种。生长势强，具有早熟、高产、优质等特点，果实高圆形，紫黑发亮，果面光滑，果肉细嫩，味甜，平均单果重５９２．９ｇ，一般每６６７ｍ２产量达４２００～５０００ｋｇ，适于我国喜食圆茄的地区进行保护地或露地栽培。至１９９５年底已在河北、山东、山西、江苏等地示范推广２５０ｈｍ２以上