猪捷申病毒与猪圆环病毒2型双重PCR检测方法的建立及初步应用

为建立可同时检测猪捷申病毒（PTV）与猪圆环病毒2型（PCV2）的双重PCR方法,本研究根据GenBank登录的相关病毒基因序列,选择保守区域设计引物,经过反应条件的优化,建立了可同时检测以上2种病毒的PCR诊断方法,扩增片段长度分别为187bp（PTV）、120bp（PCV2）。通过实验证明该方法具有良好的特异性和较高的敏感性,对PTV、PCV2核酸检测最低浓度分别为2．8×10^-2ng和6．6×10^-3ng。应用该方法对43份临床样品进行检测发现,PTV阳性率为23％,PCV2阳性率为38％,PTV与PCV2共感染率为16％。该方法的成功建立,为快速高效地检测以上2种病毒提供有力手段。     

Regulatory effect of Panax notoginseng saponins on the oxidative stress and histone acetylation induced by porcine circovirus type 2

Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) exists widely in swine populations worldwide, and healthy PCV2 virus carriers have enhanced the severity of the infection, which is becoming more difficult to control. This study investigated the regulatory effect of Panax notoginseng saponins (PNS) on the oxidative stress and histone acetylation modification induced by PCV2 in vitro and in mice. In vitro, PNS significantly increased the scavenging capacities of superoxide anion radicals (O₂^•-) and hydroxyl radicals (^•OH) and reduced the content of hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) induced by PCV2 in porcine alveolar macrophages (3D4/2). In addition, PNS decreased the protein expression level of histone H4 acetylation (Ac-H4) by increasing the activity of histone deacetylase (HDAC) in PCV2-infected 3D4/2 cells. In vivo, PNS enhanced the scavenging capacities of ^•OH and O₂^•− and reduced the content of H₂O₂ in the spleens of PCV2-infected mice. PNS also reduced the protein expression level of histone H3 acetylation (Ac-H3) by reducing the activity of histone acetylase (HAT) and increasing the activity of HDAC in the spleens of PCV2-infected mice. PCV2 infection activated oxidative stress and histone acetylation in vitro and in mice, but PNS ameliorated this oxidative stress. The research can provide experimental basis for exploring the antioxidant effect and the regulation of histone acetylation of PNS on PCV2-infected 3D4/2 cells and mice in vitro and in vivo, and provide new ideas for the treatment of PCV2 infection.     

联合肌注猪IL2真核质粒对PPV VP2-PCV2 ORF2核酸疫苗免疫效果的影响

将猪IL2基因和PPV VP2基因、PCV2 ORF2截短基因克隆至真核表达载体pCI-neo,构建了重组质粒pCI-ORF2-VP2和pCI-IL2,用脂质体介导法将pCI-ORF2-VP2质粒转染PK15细胞,采用间接免疫荧光法检测在体外的表达情况。并以小鼠为动物模型,将pCI-IL2和pCI-ORF2-VP2质粒联合肌注免疫小鼠,相同剂量免疫2次,间隔2周,同时设立pCI-ORF2-VP2、pCI空载体、猪细小灭活苗、圆环亚单位苗对照,检测免疫小鼠脾脏淋巴细胞的转化功能,外周血T淋巴细胞亚群的动态变化及血清抗体的滴度。结果显示,pCI-ORF2-VP2在PK15细胞中能正常表达,联合免疫组在第28天能够检测到PPV和PCV2抗体,第21~42天诱导淋巴细胞转化和CD4+、CD8+细胞的数量高于或显著高于pCI-ORF2-VP2质粒组。结果表明,猪IL2质粒联合肌注可以提高VP2/ORF2核酸疫苗的免疫效果。     

Clenbuterol诱导载酯蛋白D在猪脂肪组织中表达加强

Clenbuterol(CLB,盐酸克伦特罗),俗称瘦肉精。由于其在动物体内广泛残留,可能导致食用此类产品的人中毒而被禁止使用,但已有研究表明该制剂可显著减少猪脂肪沉积,因此,对其分子机制进行深入研究将具有重要的理论与实践价值。本研究通过对家猪饲喂高剂量clenbuterol(≥1.5mg/kg体重),提高瘦肉率10%左右。通过实时荧光定量PCR技术对脂肪组织中与脂类代谢密切相关的4个基因研究发现,饲喂clenbuterol的猪脂肪组织内载酯蛋白D(apolipoprotein D,apoD)mRNA丰度增加超过2倍,而脂蛋白酯酶(lipoprotein lipase,lpl)、硬酯酰辅酶A去饱和酶(stearoyl-CoA desaturase,scd)和激素敏感脂酶(hormone sensitive lipase,hsl)mRNA丰度变化不明显。因此,推断clenbuterol通过改变部分脂代谢关键基因的表达来实现减少脂肪积累。载酯蛋白D可能是CLB应答基因之一。     

PrP106—126诱导小胶质细胞BV-2抗氧化性能的变化

小胶质细胞活化是朊病的病理学特征之一。朊蛋白多肽PrP106—126具神经毒性,是研究异常腕蛋白（PrPSc）的理想工具。为探讨PrP106—126对小胶质细胞氧化压力的影响。本研究以小胶质细胞BV-2为细胞模型,PrP106—126作用48h,应用MTT和流式细胞仪检测细胞的活化情况,应用分子探针技术对细胞的氧化压力（reactiveoxygenspecies,ROs）进行检测,并通过荧光定量RT—PCR对与R0s相关的酶的mRNA表达进行了测定。结果表明PrPl06—126显著促进小胶质细胞BV-2的活化,并提高胞内的ROS水平;定量RT—PCR显示,PrP106—126显著降低细胞S0D-1（P〈0．01）表达水平、提高胞内Cat（P〈0．01）的表达水平;对Grx、Trx-1、和Trx-2mRNA的表达水平有升高的趋势,但未达到显著水平（P〉0．05）,对SOd-2、GPx、GR无显著性影响（P〉0．05）。从分子水平初步阐明小胶质细胞ROS升高的机理。     

家蚕葡萄糖-甲醇-胆碱氧化还原酶家族基因BmGMCβ2的克隆及序列与表达分析

葡萄糖-甲醇-胆碱氧化还原酶(glucose-methanol-choline oxidoreductases,GMC)家族是昆虫体内一大类以黄素腺嘌呤二核苷酸(FAD)为辅酶的氧化还原酶类,家蚕基因组中含有43个GMC家族基因。以家蚕5龄幼虫cDNA为模板克隆到一个家蚕GMC家族基因,命名为BmGMCβ2(GenBank登录号:JQ965926)。该基因cDNA全长1 875 bp,编码624个氨基酸,预测蛋白质分子质量为69.3 kD,pI为6.21,定位于家蚕16号染色体的nscaf3058上,编码蛋白质含GMC家族共有的ADP-bindingβ-α-β折叠结构域。系统发育分析表明该基因是家蚕GMC家族β亚家族基因成员。RT-PCR检测家蚕不同发育时期和5龄第3天幼虫不同组织中BmGMCβ2基因mRNA转录水平,以5龄盛食期最高,并且主要在表皮、脂肪体和气管中转录表达;Westernblotting分析BmGMCβ2蛋白主要在5龄第3天幼虫的脂肪体中表达。将BmGMCβ2克隆到原核表达载体pET-28a(+)中,转化E.coli BL21表达菌株,IPTG诱导表达BmGMCβ2融合蛋白,通过His-亲和层析得到纯化的融合蛋白并制备多克隆抗体,为后续研究该蛋白在家蚕生长发育过程中的功能奠定了基础。     

两广地区2011--2012年H9N2亚型禽流感病毒的HA基因进化分析

为探究两广地区H9N2亚型禽流感病毒（avianinfluenzavirus,AIV）的变异情况及分子流行规律,于2011-2012年从该地区发病鸡群中共分离到16株H9N2亚型A1V,并对分离株HA基因进行测序与进化分析。结果表明,分离株HA基因开放阅读框全长均为1683bp,编码560个氨基酸;HA基因核苷酸同源性为88．7％～99．6％,编码氨基酸同源性为91．8％～99．5％。本试验分离毒株与国内疫苗株（GD-SS、SH—F和SD-6）的核苷酸同源性在90．1％～92．6％之间,推导的氨基酸序列同源性在91．6％～94．8％之间。进化分析显示分离株可分为Group1和Group2两个亚分支,与疫苗株均属于欧亚谱系的Y280分支,但亲缘关系较远。分离株HA蛋白裂解位点附近序列有3种形式：PARSSR＋GLF、PSRSSR＋GLF和PARLSR0GLF,均无连续碱性氨基酸的插A,符合低致病性AIv的特征。本试验发现分离株GD4、GX2在HA1的127、295位分别增加一个潜在的糖基化位点;除分离株GD5和GD6外,其余分离株在HAl的216位发生Q216L氨基酸突变,表明其存在感染人的可能性。     

奶牛乳脂性状候选基因EEF1D突变位点功能分析

提高乳脂含量、提升奶质已成为当前奶牛业研究的重点方向之一。前期经GWAS方法研究发现,EEF1D基因5′非翻译区(5′-UTR)的G/A突变与乳脂率极显著相关,为了进一步对候选基因EEF1D的突变位点进行功能分析,首先通过人工合成获得了EEF1D基因突变型与野生型片段,并在细胞水平上对其开展了功能验证实验。研究发现,EEF1D基因5′-UTR的G/A突变引起Sp3转录起始位点后移33 bp,并且突变型的活性大约是野生型的3倍。研究结果表明,该突变可改变转录因子的转录起始位点,从而使EEF1D的表达上调。     

三维CAD技术在机械设计中的应用

现代计算机在技术和性能上越发成熟,再加之网络的普及和信息的智能化处理技术的提高,三维CAD技术本身也正逐步成熟,因此,正确地把握CAD技术的发展趋势对我国机械工程中的设计工作具有深远的意义.     

EZH2-mediated regulation of NF-κB target gene expression in gastric cancer

AIM: To explore the mechanism by which over-expression of enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) in a panel of gastric cancer cell lines is involved in tumorigenesis of gastric cancer. METHODS: Real-time PCR and Western blot were employed to examine the mRNA and protein levels of EZH2, respectively. MTS assay, cell migration and soft agar assay were performed to investigate the role of EZH2 in the regulation of stomach cancer behaviors. The effect of EZH2 on NF-κB target gene expression was determined by Luciferase reporter and real-time PCR. Co-immunoprecipitation was used to analyze the interaction of EZH2 and p65 in HEK293T cells. RESULTS: The expression levels of EZH2 were significantly increased in the gastric cancer cells compared with normal gastric epithelial cells. Pharmacological inhibition by DZNep or knockdown of EZH2 significantly compromised AGS and SNU-16 cell activity, cell migration and anchorage-independent cell growth. Moreover, siRNA knockdown of EZH2 impaired NF-κB downstream targets, such as IL-8, CXCL5 and CCL20. In addition, the interaction of EZH2 and p65 was detected. CONCLUSION: EZH2 mediates the growth of gastric cancer cells through the regulation of NF-κB downstream gene expression.