不同覆膜处理对烤烟生长及蔗糖转化酶、硝酸还原酶活性的影响

在四川省凉山州烟草科学研究所进行了地膜覆盖与揭膜时期试验.结果表明,不同的揭膜处理对烟草株高及叶片生长有明显的影响.叶片中蔗糖转化酶(INV)、硝酸还原酶(NR)的活性,覆膜处理较不覆膜处理的高,在覆膜处理中以35 d揭膜处理的酶活性最强;烟草根系中NR活性与地上部叶片中的变化趋势不同,表现为不覆膜处理的酶活性高于覆膜处理.     

Insecticidal activity and mode of action of 2,4‐diaminopyrimidines

Three 2,4‐diaminopyrimidines were tested against several insect species. They were active against lepidopteran pests with LC₅₀ values <3 mg liter⁻¹ for most species tested. They were also active against two‐spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae, (LC₅₀ 10–40 mg liter⁻¹). Folinate, but not hypoxanthine or thymidine was found to be an effective rescue agent, requiring a concentration of 100 mg liter⁻¹ diet to rescue half of the intoxicated larvae. The results confirm dihydrofolate reductase to be the site of action for these insecticides and are consistent with the mode of action of folinate rescue in mammals. © 2000 Society of Chemical Industry     

The stereoisomerism of second generation anticoagulant rodenticides: a way to improve this class of molecules to meet the requirements of society?

Second generation anticoagulant rodenticides (SGAR) are generally highly efficient for rodent management even towards warfarin‐resistant rodents. Nevertheless, because of their long tissue‐persistence, they are very associated with non‐target exposure of wildlife and have been identified as ‘Candidates for Substitution’ by the European Union's competent authority. A promising way to reduce ecotoxicity issues associated to SGAR could be the improvement of SGAR based on their stereoisomery, and due to this improvement, positioning about SGAR might be reconsidered. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry     

组合酶水解羽绒加工副产物工艺参数的优化

本研究旨在对来源于地衣芽孢杆菌CP-16的重组角蛋白酶和二硫键还原酶协同酶解羽绒加工副产品最佳工艺条件进行探讨。试验探讨角蛋白酶与二硫键还原酶组合水解羽毛角蛋白的适宜比例，并研究蒸汽压力处理时间、酶解时间、组合酶添加水平和水分含量等单一因素对酶解效率的影响，再利用L9（3⁴）正交试验进一步优化处理工艺条件。结果显示，当角蛋白酶与二硫键还原酶的酶活比例为80：1，角蛋白酶终浓度为90 U/mL时，组合酶酶解羽绒加工副产品效率最佳；经压力处理2 h更有利于提高酶解效率；水解60 h酶解率最高，但与48 h差异不显著（P>0.05）；总反应体系中缓冲液为5.5 mL时酶解效率显著高于对照组（P<0.05），但与4.5 mL组差异不显著（P>0.05）。正交试验优化酶解羽绒加工副产品条件发现，影响组合酶酶解效率的因素由大到小依次为压力处理时间、酶解时间、酶剂量；酶解羽绒加工副产品最适条件为：角蛋白酶与二硫键还原酶活性比例为80：1，121℃高压处理2 h，角蛋白酶终浓度为90 U/mL，50℃酶解48 h，此时1 g羽绒加工副产品产生的上清液可溶性蛋白含量为352.72 mg，比对照组提高640.26%。综上，利用多种处理工艺相结合更有利于提高组合酶水解羽绒加工副产品的效率。本试验结果可为羽绒加工副产品资源开发利用提供理论指导。     

Comparison of In Vivo and In Vitro assays for nitrate reductase activity determination in soybean tissues

Nitrate reductase (NR) activities of soybeans (Glycine max L. Merr. Cv. Altona), grown in sand with nutrient solution containing only nitrate as a nitrogen (N) source, were compared, using one in vivo and two in vitro assays. The in vivo assay was the most sensitive of the three, particularly in measuring root NR activity. NR activity was highest in the upper most expanded leaf and declined with leaf position lower in the canopy. NR activity in the lower 6 em sections of roots was more than double that of the upper 6 cm sections. Differences in NR activity at different stem positions were not detected by the three techniques.     

毛竹硝酸还原酶活性的初步研究

研究了毛竹硝酸还原酶活性及其与生理生化指标的关系。结果表明:立地条件好,毛竹长势旺盛,硝酸还原酶活性强;不同年龄的毛竹硝酸还原酶活性不同,以Ⅲ度竹(4～5年生)硝酸还原酶活性最强;不同季节的硝酸还原酶活性不一,以夏季最强;大年硝酸还原酶活性比小年强;硝酸还原酶活性在日变化中,分别在上午11时和下午3时出现2个高峰值。结果还表明了毛竹硝酸还原酶与其生理生化指标紧密相关,可以将硝酸还原酶活性作为毛竹营养诊断、筛选优良品系的指标。     

烟叶成熟过程中碳氮代谢关键酶对追施氮肥的响应

采用盆栽试验，通过测定烤烟成熟过程中叶片硝酸还原酶(NR)和转化酶(Inv)活性，研究了无机氮肥的追期和追量对烟叶成熟过程中叶片碳氮代谢强度及转化的影响，结果显示：在上、下部叶片成熟过程中，NR和Inv活性下降；随追氮时期推迟或追氮量增加，下部叶NR和Inv活性提高，Inv／NR降低，Inv／NR曲线峰值延后；在移栽后30d内或追氮量低于总施氮量30％时，随追氮时期推迟或追氮量增加，上部叶NR活性、Inv活性、Inv／NR降低。在本试验条件下，于移栽后30d追肥，追氮量30％，最有利于上、下部叶成熟过程中碳氮代谢的协调和适时转化。