高羊茅腺苷甲硫氨酸脱羧酶基因FaSAMDC的克隆与差异表达分析

在进行高羊茅光敏色素C基因5′端克隆时,筛选到腺苷甲硫氨酸脱羧酶基因的5′端序列,根据5′端序列设计引物,扩增出该基因的3′端,拼接得到高羊茅腺苷甲硫氨酸脱羧酶基因全序列,命名为FaSAMDC(GenBank登录号:HQ606139),利用实时荧光定量PCR技术研究FaSAMDC基因在长日照与短日照条件下昼夜24 h的表达差异,为进一步揭示不同光周期调控FaSAMDC基因的表达奠定理论基础。FaSAMDC的cDNA全长1 964 bp,具有微型上游阅读框、小型上游阅读框和主阅读框3个开放阅读框,分别位于226～234,234～380和555～1 742 bp,微型上游阅读框和小型上游阅读框存在1个碱基重叠,主阅读框编码395个氨基酸,含有保守功能域:酶原剪切位点功能域和SAMDC蛋白快速降解有关的PEST功能域。对编码蛋白氨基酸序列的同源性分析表明,FaSAMDC与其他单子叶植物SAMDC蛋白的亲缘关系较近。在长日照和短日照处理条件下,FaSAMDC都具有3个表达峰。短日照处理条件下的表达峰比长日照处理条件下的表达峰早几个小时,但峰高低于长日照条件。由此说明,FaSAMDC基因的表达受光周期调控,与生物钟控制的昼夜节律有关。     

甘南牧区草畜供求动态变化与调控——以阿孜畜牧试验场为例

甘南牧区不仅是我国重要的畜牧业生产基地,而且是黄河上游的重要水源涵养地.过牧超载导致天然草地退化,严重影响牧区的可持续发展.以甘南州玛曲县的阿孜畜牧试验场为例,分析了2008和2009年天然草地的可食牧草产量、放牧家畜承载量等方面的动态变化.研究结果表明,2009年阿孜畜牧试验场产草量有所增加,月均产草量较2008年提...     

MTT法评价猪口蹄疫合成肽疫苗的细胞免疫应答

为评价猪口蹄疫合成肽疫苗免疫猪后的细胞免疫应答,用含有E、F两种多肽抗原的猪口蹄疫合成肽疫苗免疫猪,二免后两周采血分离猪外周血淋巴细胞,再用E、F两种合成肽及二者混合物对淋巴细胞刺激培养48 h,用MTT法检测特异性T淋巴细胞增殖反应。结果显示,在抗原E、F混合物浓度为50μg/mL时,抗原对免疫组淋巴结细胞的刺激增殖作用显著高于未免疫对照组（P〈0.01）。表明,该猪口蹄疫合成肽疫苗免疫猪能有效引起特异性T淋巴细胞免疫应答。     

草地对全球气候变化的响应及其碳汇潜势研究

 本研究用综合顺序分类法（ＣＳＣＳ）分析了１９５０－２０００年和２００１－２０５０年期间的草原类型演替及碳汇动态。证明中国草地的碳汇主体依次是冻原和高山草地、温带湿润草地、斯泰普草地和半荒漠草地大类,占中国潜在草地总面积的８５．５２％,年碳汇潜力占中国潜在草地年碳汇潜力的９３．２９％。全球草地的碳汇主体是萨王纳、冻原和高山草地大类,两者的面积和占全球潜在草地总面积的４８．５０％,年碳汇潜力占全球潜在草地年碳汇潜力的７２．２２％。在全球气候暖干化的强（Ａ２ａ）、弱（Ｂ２ａ）情景下,与当前（１９５０－２０００年）情景相比,中国将呈现草地面积减少,林地面积增加的态势;与中国的趋势相反,全球将呈现草地面积增加,林地面积减少的态势。在全球暖干化的Ａ２ａ和Ｂ２ａ模式下,草地年碳汇潜力,中国将分别提升１４．６％和１８．５％,全球将分别提升１７．３％ 和１６．８％。但两者的增长方式不同,全球是以温带湿润草地大类年碳汇潜力大幅增加为特征,而中国是以负增长为特征。我国的暖干化趋势在草地年碳汇潜力上的反映较之全球更强烈。尽管造成全球气候暖干化的自然因素远非人力所能控制,但系统问题只能靠系统综合的办法治理。这是草地工作者当前的使命。     

变质鸡蛋中蜡样芽孢杆菌的分离与鉴定

从山东地区保存超过14 d大范围出现变质鸡蛋中分离到一株细菌,经过培养特性、生理生化鉴定和16S rDNA鉴定,鉴定为蜡样芽孢杆菌(Bacillus cereus).分别将变质鸡蛋、煮熟的变质蛋、健康鸡蛋进行厌氧培养和细菌计数,发现健康鸡蛋和煮熟的变质蛋无蜡样芽孢杆菌,而变质鸡蛋中的细菌数量达到1.3×108CFU/g.本试验表明,蛋黄中过量的蜡样芽孢杆菌可能与鸡蛋变质有关,应注意过量添加蜡样芽孢杆菌可能影响蛋品的保鲜和食用安全性.     

蛋氨酸锌在奶牛生产中的应用

蛋氨酸螯合锌是一种新型有机矿物元素添加剂,被称为第3代微量元素添加剂;由于其稳定性好、生物效价高、易消化吸收、抗干扰性强等特点,迅速成为动物营养研究的热点,并在各种动物生产中得到广泛应用。作者就蛋氨酸锌在奶牛实际生产中的相关应用研究进行综述,并对其应用前景进行探讨。     

Post-vaccination antibodies profile against Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) virus in sheep and goats of Punjab,Pakistan

A total of 70 sheep and 330 goats were selected randomly. All the animals were kept under same housing and management conditions. Serum samples were collected from all the animals and tested for the presence of antibodies against Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) virus using competitive ELISA (cELISA). All the animals were found negative showing percentage inhibition (PI) values <50. The animals were vaccinated against PPR with Nig/75/1 strain vaccine of PPR Serum samples were collected from randomly selected 12 sheep and 30 goats at 10, 30 and 45 days post-vaccination. The samples were subjected to cELISA to determine the presence of antibodies against PPRV. The samples with PI >50 were considered as sero-positive. The sheep found positive at 10, 30 and 45 days post-vaccination were 1(8.3%), 7(58.3%) and 12(100%) respectively. In case of goats 3(10.0%), 29(96.6%) and 27(90.0%) animals gave positive results at 10, 30 and 45 days post-vaccination respectively. Mean PI values in sheep at 10, 30 and 45 days post-vaccination were recorded as 37, 65 and 91 respectively, whereas in goats these values were 43, 78 and 86 respectively.     

猪李氏杆菌病的病原分离鉴定与药敏试验

为确诊发生脑膜炎的死亡仔猪病例,对病原进行了分离鉴定和筛选敏感药物试验。采用分离培养、染色镜检与纯培养、动物试验、生化试验等方法分离鉴定病原,并用纸片扩散法筛选敏感药物。试验结果表明,分离菌的生化特性、培养特性、溶血性等符合单核细胞增多性李氏杆菌的病原特性,确诊为猪李氏杆菌病;分离菌株对丁胺卡那霉素、头孢噻呋、万古霉素、四环素高度敏感;对土霉素、多黏菌素、磺胺类药物、新霉素耐药。     

禁牧封育措施改良高寒地区退化草地的效果

2003-2005年,通过对青海省玉树县上拉秀乡高寒草甸和高寒沼泽化草甸退化草地进行为期3年的禁牧封育改良试验,结果表明:禁牧封育措施对恢复高寒草甸、高寒沼泽化草甸退化草地植被有明显的效果,禁牧封育后草地中植物的盖度、高度和产草量明显提高;牧草成分发生显著变化,优良莎草科、禾本科牧草种类与产量增加,杂类草的种类、产量下降.     

PCR-based detection of Theileria ovis in Rhipicephalus bursa adult ticks

Tick-borne diseases in ruminants are common in tropical and subtropical regions and lead to meat and milk production losses. In this study, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to assess the presence of Theileria ovis in Rhipicephalus bursa ticks. We have demonstrated that the PCR enabled detection of T. ovis in field isolates of R. bursa collected from naturally infested sheep and goats in eastern Turkey. The sampling was done in spring season (between May and June 2004). A total of 420 R. bursa were collected and randomly selected 192 number of them (97 female and 95 male) were dissected. Primers specific for 520 bp fragments small subunit ribosomal RNA (ssu rRNA) gene of T. ovis amplified products from 37 of the 192 (19.27%) samples. The parasite was detected in 17 (17.52%) female and in 20 (21.05%) male ticks. Two T. ovis amplicons from the tick samples were purified and sequenced. The resulting sequences were identical to the nucleotide sequence of the Turkish sheep strain of T. ovis. These results showed that R. bursa might play an important role in the field as a natural vector of T. ovis.