兼用短角牛改良秦川牛效果研究--眉县短秦一、二代母牛生长发育及体型变化分析(之二)

对短秦F1、F2和本地母牛初生、6、12、18、24月龄体尺、体重进行测定,并对其生长发育强度进行对比分析.结果表明,在农村粗放饲养条件下,F2牛初生6、12月龄体重比本地牛分别增加4.3、37.2、35.6kg,相应提高16.6%、28.2%、17.9%;F1牛18、24月龄比本地牛分别增加30.9、47.8kg,提高11.0%和15.6%,改良牛纠正了本地牛的尖斜尻缺点,且生长发育快,增重效果明显,体躯有向肉乳兼用型发展趋势,若加强断奶后的培育,效果更好.     

35种蜂花粉的活性物质分析

活性物质一般是指酶、维生素以及激素等,近年将磷脂也纳入活性物质。本文分析了３５种蜂花粉中的葡萄糖氧化酶、磷脂以及生长激素等,这些物质对人体均有重要的生理作用。研究结果,除证明花粉中含有葡萄糖氧化酶及磷脂外,还发现了花粉含有人体生长激素     

夏南牛核心群母牛部分生长性状影响因素的分析与研究

利用SAS统计分析软件中的GLM过程分析了不同出生年度、不同出生季节和不同代次对夏南牛体尺性状的影响。结果表明:出生年度和代次对夏南牛各年龄阶段体尺性状的影响显著(P<0.05);出生季节对夏南牛各年龄阶段体尺性状的影响不显著(P>0.05)。     

Effects of N-methyl-D, L-aspartate on secretion of growth hormone-releasing hormone from the boar hypothalamic-preoptic area and median eminence in vitro

N-methyl-D, L-aspartate (NMA) elicited secretion of growth hormone (GH)-releasing hormone from both the hypothalamic-preoptic area and the median eminence that were collected from boars. We suggest that the previously described increase in GH secretion that follows peripheral treatment of swine with NMA is attributable, at least in part, to NMA-stimulated secretion of GH-releasing hormone from the central nervous system.     

4个白羊草居群产量及营养品质等特性的比较研究

为选育出优良的白羊草(Bothriochloa ischaemum (L.) Keng)品种,对4个白羊草居群在山西晋中地区进行比较试验。分别对其播种当年的生育期、生产性能、营养品质进行了研究。结果表明:4个白羊草居群在晋中地区播种当年均能完成整个生育期,具有较强的生态适应性。在生产性能方面,太谷居群具有最高的鲜草、干草产量和干鲜比,其次是平定居群,而代县和平鲁居群表现一般;在营养品质方面,太谷居群同样优于其他居群,其粗蛋白(CP)、钙(Ca)和磷(P)含量均为最高,而中性洗涤纤维(NDF)和酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)含量均为最低,茎叶比较低。综合分析表明,太谷居群表现最好,具有较大的选育驯化潜力。     

铁苋菜提取物对仔猪生长性能、血液生化指标及肠道菌群的影响

目的:本试验旨在研究铁苋菜提取物对仔猪生长性能、血液生化指标及粪样菌群的影响.方法:选取同一批次的25日龄健康的外三元断乳仔猪120头,平均体重为9.60+0.65 kg/头,随机分为4组,每组3个重复,每个重复10头,公母各半;试验组分别为铁苋菜提取物组Ⅰ和组Ⅱ、抗生素组及对照组,铁苋菜提取物组Ⅰ和组Ⅱ在基础日粮中分...     

自由放养下绵羊的营养参数

根据绵羊的营养参数和饲养标准,结合日增重水平,计算了不同日增重水平对应的体重月平均动态及其所对应的粗蛋白日需要量和代谢能日需要量。不同日增重水平,达到生长期望所需要的日数不同,日增重水平越高,达到生长期望总所需要的粗蛋白和代谢能越少,但月平均的日需要量越多。自由放养的东北细毛羊当年生羔羊的日增重水平仅相当于舍饲饲养日增重的100g水平,根据代谢能计算,年总需干草340kg,可以作为计算载畜量的基本参数。自由放养情况下,即使能量满足需要,粗蛋白也短缺。当年生羔羊日增重在150￣200g,9￣10月龄内体重达到46￣50kg是北方草地家畜生产的理想目标,通过补饲可以实现。     

抗生素对桑树外植体生长与分化的影响

试验比较了不同种类抗生素在不同浓度下对桑子叶、不定芽和新梢生长与分化的影响，结果显示：（１）培养基中卡那霉素浓度高于２０ｍｇ／Ｌ时．桑子叶不能形成不定芽；羧苄青霉素或头孢霉累大于４００ｍｇ／Ｌ时，子叶不定芽诱导率明显下降。（２）卡那霉素大于３０ｍｇ／Ｌ，羧苄青霉素或头孢霉累大于４００ｍｇ／Ｌ，不定芽抽茎受到明显抑制。（３）卡那霉素大于１０ｍｇ／Ｌ，羧苄青霉素或头孢霉素大于１００ｍｇ／Ｌ，桑树新梢难以形成根系。     

徐淮山羊及波徐杂交一代体重体尺的相关性研究

本研究对3月龄的江苏沿海地区本地徐淮山羊以及波徐杂交一代山羊两种山羊分别饲养90d,对试验羊的体重和各体尺指标进行相关分析和通径分析,以揭示波尔山羊的杂交改良效果、主要改良性状及其内在联系。结果表明:波徐杂交一代山羊与本地徐淮山羊在体尺体重方面有显著的差异(P<0.05);对于徐淮山羊,波徐杂交一代在体尺与体重的相关性上具有一定的改善,将原来徐淮山羊中对体重具有负相关作用的体长性状转变为正相关作用,有利于波徐杂山羊的生长发育,充分说明波尔山羊对改良本地山羊的生产性能具有很好的效果。     

Evaluation of estimated genetic merit for carcass weight in beef cattle: Blood metabolites, carcass measurements, carcass composition and selected non-carcass components

In Ireland, a new beef genetic index has been developed. Growth rate is expressed as expected progeny difference for carcass weight (EPD_CWT) and is estimated on an across-breed basis. Cross-breeding of dairy cows with both Aberdeen Angus and Belgian Blue beef sires is widely practised. The objective of this study was to compare blood metabolites, slaughter traits and carcass composition of progeny from Holstein–Friesian dairy cows and Aberdeen Angus (AA), Belgian Blue (BB), Friesian (FR) and Holstein (HO) sires. The AA and BB sires were selected, within breed, to be of either high (H) or low (L) estimated genetic merit for carcass weight. A total of 170 male progeny from spring-calving cows and 42 sires (10 AA, 13 BB, 7 FR and 12 HO) were artificially reared indoors and managed together until the end of their second grazing season when they were assigned to either a Light (560 kg) or Heavy (620 kg) slaughter weight. Blood metabolite concentrations were measured six times throughout life and feed intake was recorded during the first and second winter. Carcass measurements and selected non-carcass components were recorded after slaughter and the right side of each carcass was dissected into lean, fat and bone. Differences in blood metabolite concentrations amongst genetic groups were negligible although there were some effects of the prevailing level of nutrition. M. longissimus area scaled for carcass weight was 0.220, 0.221, 0.260, 0.255, 0.212 and 0.208 (SE 0.004) cm²/kg for AAH, AAL, BBH, BBL, FR and HO, respectively. Carcass measurements scaled for carcass weight were greater for L, AA, HO and the dairy strains than for H, BB, FR and the beef breeds, respectively. There was no effect of estimated genetic merit for carcass weight on carcass composition. Statistically significant interactions between genetic merit and beef breed existed for some traits with the genetic merit effect largely evident for AA only. BB and the beef breeds had more lean, less fat and more high value lean in the carcass than AA and the dairy strains, respectively. It is concluded that genetic group had little effect on blood metabolite concentrations but there were some feeding level effects. Estimated genetic merit for carcass weight affected carcass weight, m. longissimus area and carcass measurements scaled for carcass weight but the effects were confined to AA. There were large effects of beef breed and dairy strain on carcass composition.