生态养老背景下木结构建筑发展探析

木结构建筑具有自然舒适、绿色环保、节能保温以及防震减灾等特点,在生态养老领域具有很好的发展前景。介绍了木结构建筑概况,分析了老年人的生态养老需求,从适老化、绿色智能和文旅康养等方面,对木结构老年建筑发展进行展望与讨论,提出了完善相关标准规范和政策建议,为促进我国木结构老年建筑发展提供参考。     

Tree and crop productivity in gliricidia/maize/pigeonpea cropping systems in southern Malawi

This study examined the hypothesis that incorporation of Gliricidia sepium (Jacq.) Walp.) (gliricidia), a fast-growing, nitrogen-fixing tree, into agroforestry systems in southern Malawi may be used to increase the input of organic fertilizer and reduce the need for expensive inorganic fertilizers. The productivity of maize (Zea mays L.), pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan L.) and gliricidia grown as sole stands or in mixed cropping systems was examined at Makoka Research Station (latitude 15° 30′ S, longitude 35° 15′ E) and a nearby farm site at Nazombe between 1996 and 2000. Treatments included gliricidia intercropped with maize, with or without pigeonpea, and sole stands of gliricidia, maize and pigeonpea. Trees in the agroforestry systems were pruned before and during the cropping season to provide green leaf manure. Maize yields and biomass production by each component were determined and fractional light interception was measured during the reproductive stage of maize. Substantial quantities of green leaf manure (2.4 to 9.0 Mg ha⁻¹ year⁻¹) were produced from the second or third year after tree establishment. Green leaf manure and fuelwood production were greatest when gliricidia was grown as unpruned sole woodlots (c. 8.0 and 22 Mg ha⁻¹ year⁻¹ respectively). Improvements in maize yield in the tree-based systems also became significant in the third year, when c. 3.0 Mg ha⁻¹ of grain was obtained. Tree-based cropping systems were most productive and exhibited greater fractional light interception (c. 0.6 to 0.7) than cropping systems without trees (0.1 to 0.4). No beneficial influence of pigeonpea on maize performance was apparent either in the presence or absence of gliricidia at either site in most seasons. However, as unpruned gliricidia provided the greatest interception of incident solar radiation (>0.9), coppicing may be required to reduce shading when gliricidia is grown together with maize. As pigeonpea production was unaffected by the presence of gliricidia, agroforestry systems containing gliricidia might be used to replace traditional maize + pigeonpea systems in southern Malawi. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

环保阻燃胶的开发

为了改善人造板的阻燃性能及降低人造板游离甲醛释放量，在引进国外先进技术基础上，历经两年的消化、吸收、创新工作，开发出一种集环保、阻燃、抑烟、胶粘于一体的环保型阻燃胶。实验室及福州人造板厂生产性试验结果表明，这种胶粘剂符合中密度纤维板生产的要求，可生产出低游离甲醛释放的阻燃中密度纤维板。初步的成本分析表明，与常用阻燃剂相比，这种阻燃胶在价格上极具优势。     

桉树人工林林下间作绿肥对土壤的改良效应研究

针对桉树人工林地力衰退问题,通过在桉树人工林下间作绿肥作物,对绿肥作物间作后土壤理化性状进行测定,并与对照地（杂草地）土壤和桉树1．3m树行间土壤比较,结果表明：桉树人工林下间作柱花草后,土壤容重比对照降低3．411％,毛管含水量、总孔隙度、毛管孔隙度分别比对照提高4．485％、1．984％、7．675％,非毛管孔隙度、非毛管孔隙度／毛管孔隙度比值分别比对照降低5．788％、0．245％,土壤pH、有机质、速效P、速效K、全N、全P、全K含量分别比对照提高了4．025％、32．051％、9．539％、46．296％、42．315％、29．567％、50．615％,土壤理化性状得到有效改良。     

广州旧城区绿地建设对策研究

通过分析城市旧城区绿地建设普遍存在的困难,在建设策略上,提出规划建绿、文化建绿、见缝插绿、立体增绿、临时建绿、拆危建绿、绿地提升、保存大树等针对旧城区绿地建设的对策。     

佛山市文华公园总体规划

佛山市文华公园是佛山市禅城区中心组团城市景观轴线的重要节点。整个公园采取开放式设计,力图建设成为一个高品质的具有浓郁岭南文化意蕴的“城市绿色客厅”。     

水基二异氰酸酯交联聚乙烯醇环保新型木材粘合剂

以水基中甲苯二异氰酸酯（TDI）交联改性聚乙烯醇（PVA）的反应原理为理论依据，以交联反应后粘胶体系中游离TDI量的检测结果及其颜色的稳定性，说明在20～35℃的常温和催化剂的作用下，少量TDI关联PVA胶水，可以合成出性能优良的绿色粘合剂，采用正交实验法，探讨在水基中反应物料的组成，交联反应的温度，交联反应进行的时间等因素对TDI交联PVA粘胶体系的环保性能和粘结性能的影响。     

日本龟蜡蚧在枣树上的发生与危害

１９９６年８月￣１９９７年６月，在陕西大荔县八鱼乡西营村和蒲支县平路庙乡直杜村调查了日本龟蜡蚧在枣树上的分布与危害。结果表明，单叶幼虫数随枣树受害程度的增加而增加，单果重随枣树爱害程度的增加而减少，越冬雌虫的危害造成每股的抽吊数减少，吊长显著变短，每吊的刺树数减少，幼虫和雌成虫在树冠上的分布是阳面（南面）大于阴面（北面），其中树冠中部虫量分布的最多。     

师法自然的植物造景——广州“绿色亚运”增绿行动计划树种选择及模式应用分析

通过分析广州"绿色亚运"增绿行动计划建设的主要类型、工程特点、树种选择和应用的基本原则,初步总结了依据地带性规律"师法自然、让自然做功,模拟近自然群落"的植物造景理念是广州"绿色亚运"增绿行动计划植物配置的核心,为广州及珠三角地区类似工程的树种选择及应用提供了借鉴。     

浅谈绿色设计

从绿色设计产生的背景、绿色设计及绿色产品的基本概念、绿色设计研究的主要内容、绿色设计方法和程序几方面来阐述绿色设计。