套袋对红富士苹果果皮细胞超微结构的影响

红富士苹果果皮细胞超微结构的观察结果表明,未套袋颗粒果皮表层细胞叶绿体片层结构发育较套袋果实发达,至果实采收前,未套袋果液泡染色较深县均匀,而套袋果液泡染色深,呈絮状凝结,这可能是颗粒去袋后花青苷迅速合成,在液泡内大量积累所致。     

补饲青绿饲料对不同性别肉仔鸡皮肤色泽的影响

研究了在饲喂全价配合日粮基础上补饲青绿饲料对不同性别肉仔鸡全身不同部位皮肤色泽的影响。各组自由采食玉米-豆粕型基础日粮,分别于第1、15、29天开始补饲青绿饲料,比较分析42日龄时的全身各部位皮肤的色泽(L、a、b值)。结果表明,不同性别肉仔鸡各部位皮肤色泽间存在一定的差异性;补饲青绿饲料对肉仔鸡皮肤色泽的影响效应,以黄度最强和亮度最弱;补饲青绿饲料的时间越早,对肉仔鸡皮肤色泽的影响越明显;补饲青绿饲料对母肉仔鸡皮肤色泽的影响比对公肉仔鸡更显著。     

葡萄新品种‘紫秋’

 从野生刺葡萄资源中选育出的新品种‘紫秋’, 植株生长势强, 适应性强, 耐旱、耐粗放栽培,抗病性强, 适合南方高温、多湿气候条件, 而且结果早, 产量高, 果实味甜, 风味好, 市场上颇受欢迎。     

与苹果果皮红色性状相关的RAPD分子标记的筛选

用355条10bp随机引物来筛选与苹果果实红色性状连锁的分子标记。通过分离群体分组分析,在果实红色与非红色2个对比基因池间进行了扩增筛选,初步选出49个多态性引物,进一步对这些多态性引物进行群体上的分析发现S519可以扩增出大约1000bp左右的一条与红色性状相关的DNA特异带。对本研究的73个来自3个不同杂交组合的F1后代个体分析表明,该标记判断果实红色性状的符合率为76.7%。鉴于获得的多态性标记对果皮颜色预测的准确率不高的现状,我们采用了双标记组合分析方案,即用S5191000分别与以往获得的3个与果色性状相关的标记(S12891200、S12351000和S21071200)配对组合进行判断,从而使得标记对目标性状预测的正确性大为提高。另外,对总共获得的4个RAPD标记在9个栽培品种上进行了分析,大多数品种的表现与理论一致。     

黑皮中熟西瓜新品种开杂18号的选育

开杂18号是开封市农林科学研究所选育的黑皮、中熟西瓜新品种。全生育期103 d,果实发育期33 d,具有果个大、果皮黑且韧、品质优、易坐果、抗性强、适应范围较广等突出优点。     

我国酿酒葡萄抗寒育种的回顾与展望

人民生活水平的提高为葡萄酒产业提供了很大的发展空间。我国葡萄酒主产区之一的东北(包括内蒙古北部),由于冬季严寒和无霜期短,不适于欧亚种酿酒葡萄品种栽培,因此开展酿酒葡萄抗寒育种研究具有重要的实际意义。阐述了半个世纪来我国山葡萄品种选育和应用山葡萄×欧亚种、山-欧F1×山葡萄、山-欧F1×欧亚种、山-欧F1×山-欧F14种杂交模式进行种间杂交选育抗寒酿造葡萄品种方面取得的研究进展。并重点讨论了21世纪我国酿酒葡萄抗寒育种发展的技术路线。     

优质晚熟制汁葡萄新品种‘北丰’

 ‘北丰’由‘蘡薁葡萄’与‘玫瑰香’杂交育成。浆果在北京地区9月下旬成熟。果粒椭圆形, 紫黑色, 果粒质量2.9 g, 果穗质量38916 g, 可溶性固形物含量为19.1% ～23.1% , 含酸量0175% ,出汁率81.9% , 汁多, 紫红色, 味酸甜, 品质上等。早果, 丰产, 抗寒性、抗旱性及抗病虫能力均强。     

网纹甜瓜新品种金蜜龙的选育

金蜜龙网纹甜瓜是天津科润蔬菜研究所选育的网纹甜瓜新品种。果实发育期50d,单果重1.5kg左右;果皮黄色,果面覆中等均匀网纹,果形指数1.2;果肉橙色,肉质脆嫩多汁,风味清香,中心可溶性固形物含量16%,肉厚3.9cm。商品率高,耐贮性好,适宜春季设施栽培。2006年10月通过国家甜瓜新品种鉴定。     

Induced and spontaneous IgE antibodies to Dermatophagoides farinae in dogs and cats: evidence of functional heterogeneity of IgE

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) were developed to measure IgE antibodies specific for Dermatophagoides farinae in dogs and cats. Although higher levels were detected in atopic dogs and cats than in normal animals without skin disease, the differences were not statistically significant. On the other hand, levels in dogs and cats that were reared under laboratory conditions, and thus presumably not exposed to house dust mites, were either very low or undetectable. IgE antibodies were induced in 10 laboratory-reared cats using low-dose antigenic stimulation in aluminium hydroxide. All cats developed detectable IgE, but not all developed positive skin tests. However, serum from those cats with positive skin tests were able to give positive Prausnitz–Küstner (PK) tests. The canine data, together with previous work on basophil histamine release, suggests that the distinction between atopic and normal dogs may result from a heterogeneity of either IgE or of the high-affinity mast cell receptor. The feline data can only be explained by the existence of a heterogeneity of IgE.     

Inhibition of histamine release from dispersed canine skin mast cells by cyclosporin A, rolipram and salbutamol, but not by dexamethasone or sodium cromoglycate

Despite the important role that canine skin mast cells play in IgE-mediated allergic inflammation, clinically useful compounds for modulating mediator release from these cells or for suppressing cell response are lacking in the dog. The ability of five compounds to inhibit histamine release induced by non immunological (calcium ionophore A23187 and substance P) and IgE-dependent (concanavalin A) stimuli were compared. Sodium cromoglycate, a mast cell stabilizer, and dexamethasone, a glucocorticoid, failed to inhibit histamine release from isolated skin mast cells following any kind of stimulation. Salbutamol, a β-adrenergic agonist, exhibited inhibitory activity (46.0%) only after concanavalin A activation. In contrast, rolipram, a selective phosphodiesterase IV inhibitor and cyclosporin A, an immunosuppressor, showed potent anti allergic actions, inhibiting both IgE-dependent and -independent stimuli. Rolipram inhibited 42.8%, 44.7% and 19.2% of the mediator release induced by ionophore A23187, substance P and concanavalin A, respectively. Similarly cyclosporin A induced 85.9%, 14.9% and 67.3% inhibition after ionophore A23187, substance P and concanavalin A stimulation, respectively. These results suggest that rolipram and cyclosporin A merit to be clinically tested as agents for the treatment of chronic allergic diseases in the dog.