7种能量饲料淀粉降解率的研究

以6头装有永久性瘤胃瘘管的浏阳去势黑山羊为实验动物,利用瘤胃尼龙袋技术研究大麦、大米、高粱、荞麦、小麦、小米、玉米等7种常用谷物饲料淀粉在羊瘤胃内的降解率规律。结果表明各种饲料淀粉有效降解率(%)顺序为:大麦>小麦>玉米>大米>荞麦>高粱>小米。其中以大麦的淀粉有效降解率最高达97.05%,小米的最小为36.43%,其它依次为96.28%、55.37%、45.23%、44.10%、42.58%。     

A model to assess the use of caecal and faecal inocula to study fermentability of nutrients in rabbit

An in vitro gas production trial was conducted using 10 Hyla rabbits to evaluate the use of caecal and faecal inocula in fermentability studies. Caecal content (CI) and hard faeces (FI) were used as inocula. Six legume and six cereal concentrates were used as substrates. Gas production was recorded 19 times at 2–24 h intervals throughout fermentation (120 h). The fermentation characteristics (degraded organic matter, OMd; potential gas production, A; volatile fatty acid, VFA; ammonia, NH₃) were measured by testing the inoculum and substrate (legumes vs. cereals). The inocula were different (p < 0.01) in OMd (818.2 vs. 799.4 g/kg OM for CI and FI respectively), A (255.0 vs. 267.1 ml/g OM), total VFA (67.3 vs. 53.2 mmol/g OM) and NH₃ content (21.2 vs. 19.8 mmol/l). Moreover, the significant differences in the (acetate + propionate)/butyrate ratio (5.02 vs. 4.09 for CI and FI respectively, p < 0.01) and in the branched chain proportion (isobutyrate + isovaleriate)/total VFA (0.044 vs. 0.031, p < 0.01) indicate that the inocula differed in fermenting legumes or cereals, but the equations for estimating caecal fermentation characteristics from those of faeces showed R² values from 0.673 to 0.975 (p ≤ 0.01). Our results confirm that in vitro fermentation characteristics of faeces were highly related to those of caecal content.     

叶绿素荧光技术在筛选光合突变体中的应用

叶绿素荧光技术作为光合作用研究的手段,在光合突变体筛选中起到了重要作用。使用该技术,大量光合突变体得以分离,并且随着分子生物学的进展,突变基因也被陆续克隆,同时利用这一技术的筛选方法也随着人们对光合作用机制认识的深入,不断得到了改进,本研究就这方面进展做以综述。     

应用单引物PCR指纹技术分析Vc-獭兔的分子遗传结构

采用1条小卫星引物M13(5’GAGGGTGGCGGTTCT3’)和2条微卫星引物(GTG)5、(GACA)4，对Vc—Ⅰ系、Vc—Ⅱ系獭兔、日本大耳白兔(JWR)和青紫蓝(QZL)4个品系各8只，总计32个个体的遗传结构进行了DNA指纹分析。结果，3条引物的扩增产物都呈现良好的多态性和稳定性；对每个品系混合DNA池进行分析，计算出了4个品系间及32个个体间的共有带率及遗传距离指数，通过聚类分析，得出各品系间和个体间欧式遗传距离，并绘制出4个品系间及各品系32个个体问的亲缘关系树状聚类图，从而初步建立了4个品系兔的SPAR指纹图谱。     

非线性二阶阻尼微分方程的区间振动准则

给出非线性二阶阻尼微分方程新的振动准则,它们仅依赖于区间[t0,∞)的某些子区间序列的信息,不需要依赖于整个半直线,所得结果推广和改进了某些最近的结果.     

我国黑荆树适生区的划分及各区栽培技术要点

Based on the distribution of 64 locations in wattle natural distribution in Australia and the data collected from 61 plantations in 30 more countries, 5 important factors were selected for determining the suitable climatic requirements for the growth of wattle. The experience of plantation wattle in China for over 30 years has been summarized. According to the comparison of climate and geographic distribution of wattle in China and other countries, China is a suitable country for growing wattle. Based on the results of our investigation, a division of suitable areas for growing wattle in China was made. Key points of planting method in each area were suggested.     

湘中农区壶天山羊的生产性能及生态养殖技术研究

通过采用测定200只壶天山羊的体尺体重,统计66胎产仔情况、屠宰6只成年羊,将8只成年杂交羊(壶天羊×马头羊)和50只成年壶天羊作对比等办法,从而真实系统地总结了该山羊的各项生产性能.对以"七化四结合"为主要内容的山羊生态养殖关键技术进行了研究,提出了"羊→沼→稻(菜或草)"生产模式和"企业 农户"的经营模式.     

山羊高床舍饲配套饲养技术探讨

山羊高床舍饲技术通过修建标准化山羊圈舍，实现山羊饲养过程中对山羊个体的有效控制和辅助，降低饲养劳动量和劳动强度；通过带动种草养羊、养羊与沼气结合，在实现山羊饲养的同时，促进了退耕还草、封山育林等生态建设项目的实施。     

Validation and standardization of virus neutralizing test using indirect immunoperoxidase technique for the quantification of antibodies to rabies virus

A virus neutralizing test using an indirect immunoperoxidase technique (VNT-IIP) for rabies has been developed for the titration of dog and cat serum samples in Japan. The VNT-IIP has the advantage that results obtained can be viewed by the naked eye. The purpose of this study was to validate the VNT-IIP and compare it with one of the international standard methods, the fluorescent antibody virus neutralization test (FAVNT). The VNT-IIP showed satisfactory repeatability, high analytical specificity and good accuracy. Regarding the comparison between the VNT-IIP and the FAVNT, the VNT-IIP showed good agreement (91.9%), high sensitivity (92.8%) as well as specificity (87.0%) and good correlation (r = 0.92). As described above, the validation of the VNT-IIP was satisfactory and the performances of the test proved to be equivalent to those of an international standard method.     

利用体外法研究豆粕型日粮添加烟酸对绵羊瘤胃发酵的影响

本试验培养底物及瘤胃液供体动物日粮为玉米 -豆粕型日粮 ,实验用瘤胃液来自3只安装永久性瘤胃瘘管的绵羊 ,体外实验按不同烟酸添加剂量分为13个试验组 (0、50、150、250、350、400、450、500、600、700、800、900、1000mg/kg) ,每个试验组4个重复。在体外培养24小时后 ,测定培养液中NH3-N、瘤胃细菌N产量、原虫数量、总VFA产量及乙酸、丙酸、丁酸产量和乙酸/丙酸值 ,用以确定在该氮源日粮条件下 ,添加烟酸对瘤胃发酵的影响 ,并对烟酸适宜添加范围进行了研究。实验结果表明 ,在豆粕型日粮来源培养底物中 ,烟酸适宜添加范围为450～600mg/kg。