RNAi-mediated knockdown of INHBB increases apoptosis and inhibits steroidogenesis in mouse granulosa cells

Inhibins are members of the TGFβ superfamily and act as suppressors of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) secretion from pituitary glands via a negative feedback mechanism to regulate folliculogenesis. In this study, the INHBB gene was knocked down by three RNAi-Ready pSIREN-RetroQ-ZsGreen vector- mediated recombinant plasmids to explore the effects of INHBB silencing on granulosa cell (GC) cell cycle, apoptosis and steroid production in vitro. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, Western blot, flow cytometry and ELISA were performed to evaluate the role of INHBB in the mouse GC cell cycle, apoptosis and steroid production in vitro. The results showed that the relative mRNA and protein expression of INHBB in mouse GCs can be significantly reduced by RNAi with pshRNA-B1, pshRNA-B2 and pshRNA-B3 plasmids, with pshRNA-B3 having the best knockdown efficiency. Downregulation of the expression of INHBB significantly arrests cells in the G1 phase of the cell cycle and increases the apoptosis rate in GCs. This was further confirmed by downregulation of the protein expressions of Cyclin D1, Cyclin E and Bcl2, while the protein expression of Bax was upregulated. In addition, specific downregulation of INHBB markedly decreased the concentration of estradiol and progesterone, which was further validated by the decrease in the mRNA levels of CYP19A1and CYP11A1. These findings suggest that inhibin βB is important in the regulation of apoptosis and cell cycle progression in granulosa cells. Furthermore, the inhibin βB subunit has a role in the regulation of steroid hormone biosynthesis. Evidence is accumulating to support the concept that inhibin βB is physiologically essential for early folliculogenesis in the mouse.     

Immunization of BALB/c mice with Brucella abortus 2308ΔwbkA confers protection against wild-type infection

Brucellosis is a zoonotic disease that causes animal and human diseases. Vaccination is a major measure for prevention of brucellosis, but it is currently not possible to distinguish vaccinated animals from those that have been naturally infected. Therefore, in this study, we constructed the Brucella (B.) abortus 2380 wbkA mutant (2308ΔwbkA) and evaluated its virulence. The survival of 2308ΔwbkA was attenuated in murine macrophage (RAW 264.7) and BALB/c mice, and it induced high protective immunity in mice. The wbkA mutant elicited an anti-Brucella-specific immunoglobulin G response and induced the secretion of gamma interferon. Antibodies to 2308ΔwbkA could be detected in sera from mice, implying the potential for use of this protein as a diagnostic antigen. The WbkA antigen would allow serological differentiation between infected and vaccinated animals. These results suggest that 2308ΔwbkA is a potential attenuated vaccine against 16M. This vaccine will be further evaluated in sheep.     

黑龙江几种桑果品质的测定分析

不同品种的桑果其可溶性固形物、总酸、固酸比、氨基态氮含量存在差异 ,可作为评价桑果品质的重要参考指标.经测试 :龙椹2号和龙椹3号可溶性固形物的百分含量高出对照品种4个百分点 ;总酸的百分含量远低于对照品种 ;固酸比远大于对照品种 ;氨基态氮的含量小于对照品种.初步认为龙椹2号和龙椹3号桑果品质优于野生对照品种.     

橡子利用的研究（Ⅲ）——橡实淀粉的特性

研究了橡实淀粉的化学成分、颗粒形貌、Ｘ－射线衍射图谱与模型、碘亲和力与链淀粉含量、差热分析、糊化温度、糊粘度曲线及冰融稳定性等性质，并对其利用的可能范围进行了分析．     

植物生长调节剂GGR8在寒富苹果栽培上的应用

通过对绿色植物生长调节剂GGR8号在寒富苹果栽培上的应用进行的试验研究,结果表明:GGR8能够提高寒富苹果的品质,20、40、60 mg·kg-1等3种施用浓度在新梢生长量、含糖量、硬度方面均比对照有所提高,尤以60 mg·kg-1的施用浓度应用效果最好,其新梢生长量达到了36.7 cm,比对照增加9.3 cm;单果质量达到了240 g,比对照增加了95 g;含糖量达到了15%,比对照提高3个百分点;硬度达到了9.5 kg·cm-2,比对照增加了1.1 kg·cm-2。     

绿化工程主材“甲供”与“乙供”苗木模式的比较研究

主材供应方式是园林工程中受重视的环节。以恒大公司的几个园林工程为例,通过比较绿化工程苗木材料的"甲供"和"乙供"模式的利弊,归纳总结出适合不同要求的采购模式的方法,从而帮助业主更高效准确地作出选择,并使其选择的材料在达到预期绿化效果的同时,又能适当控制成本。     

线性空间构建网络城市——以玉溪老城中心区概念规划为例

云南玉溪市老城中心面临着传统商业衰退以及城市化进程中对中心商业区升级的矛盾,通过引入城市网络的概念,将原本集中布置的商业区延展为一个连续的商业网络,并设计穿越整个地块的开放绿地空间,将保留的历史建筑融合在绿地网络之中,以此保持和发展该地区原有的文化和经济氛围,并形成多元化的土地利用方式。     

施氮对块茎形成期高温胁迫后马铃薯块茎产量、淀粉含量和相关酶代谢活性的影响

为了明确不同施氮量对高温胁迫后马铃薯块茎淀粉合成酶、淀粉含量及产量的影响,本研究于2019-2020年在宁南山区海原县进行田间试验.供试品种为青薯9号,通过搭建高温棚构建高温环境,设2个温度处理(T1:块茎形成初期高温胁迫,T2:自然温度),4个氮肥水平(不施氮N0:0 kg·hm-2,低氮水平N1:75 kg·hm-...     

Frozen bread dough: Effects of freezing storage and dough improvers

This review focuses on the effects of freezing storage on the microstructure and baking performance of frozen doughs, and provides an overview of the activities of dough improvers, including emulsifiers, hydrocolloids and other improvers used in frozen dough applications. The overall quality of bread baked from frozen dough deteriorates as the storage of the dough at sub-zero temperatures increases due to several factors which are discussed. Lipid-related emulsifiers such as diacetyl tartaric acid esters of mono and diglycerides and sucrose esters employed as anti-staling agents, dough modifiers, shortening sparing agents, and as improvers for the production of high-protein bread have also been employed in frozen doughs. Hydrocolloids are gaining importance in the baking industry as dough improvers due to their ability to induce structural changes in the main components of wheat flour systems during breadmaking steps and bread storage Their effects in frozen doughs is discussed. Other dough improvers, such as ascorbic acid, honey and green tea extract, are also reviewed in the context of frozen doughs.