RAPD Analysis of Twelve General Species of Gladiolus hybridus Hort

Gladiolus hybridus Hort., also named Chang or- chid, gladiola, Shi Yang jin and Flat Zhulian, is a perennial bulb plant of Iridaceae Gladiolus and one of the famous four cutting flowers in the world. Gladiolus hybridus Hort. is an exotic species. There is…     

几个唐菖蒲品种过氧化物酶同工酶初探

采用垂直平板聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳对8个唐菖蒲品种的叶片、花瓣和花药中的过氧化物同工酶进行分析。结果表明：叶片有9条酶带、花瓣5条、花药6条；1号和5号品种与其他品种的亲缘关系较远；2、3、4号品种亲缘关系较近；6、7、8号品种亲缘关系较近，但它们又存在遗传差异。并根据电泳显示的各品种条带分布，绘出唐菖蒲3个部位的酶谱类型图及UPGMA聚类图。     

唐菖蒲试管苗叶片结构的研究

[目的]为更好地了解试管苗生长情况,并对其生长进行调控。[方法]采用石蜡切片技术,对唐菖蒲试管苗和大田苗叶片结构进行观察。[结果]试管苗与大田苗叶片结构存在明显差异。试管苗叶片厚度、中脉厚度以及叶肉组织厚度与上下表皮厚度明显薄于大田生长的叶片,试管苗表皮细胞较小,排列也比较松散,但规则,其细胞间隙较大、叶片维管组织分化无大田生长叶片明显,叶片上气孔多,因此水分极易散失。[结论]该研究为更好地调控试管苗的生长提供了参考。     

不同物质对唐菖蒲继代培养试管苗芽增殖的影响

本文讨论了唐菖蒲试管苗芽增殖过程中,不同植物生长调节剂、碳源、活性炭对芽增殖影响,试验结果表明0.5mg/LNAA和1mg/L的6-BA组合下,苗增殖效果好而且苗较壮,增殖倍数为5。用50g/L的市售白糖代替40g/L的纯蔗糖作为培养基的碳源是可行的,这样降低了配制培养基的成本,而且对试管苗的增殖和质量无影响。0.2%的活性炭,在30d内有利于试管苗株高的增加,但对芽的诱导无明显作用。     

ISSR Analysis of M_1 Generation of Gladiolus hybridus Hort Treated by EMS

Gladiolus hybridus Hort is one of famous cutting flowers,being famous of big size,bright color,various shapes and long bloom period.New species should be cultivated in order to meet consumers' needs.Mutagenic breeding is a shortcut to cultivate new species of flowers.In this study,corm bud of G.hybridus Hort was treated with different concentrations of EMS.Then M 1 generation was analyzed by ISSR.Results showed that EMS was a very effective mutagenic agent for the corm bud of G.hybridus Hort.With the increa...     

Cycas necrotic stunt virus isolated from gladiolus plants in Japan

An undescribed spherical virus ca. 30 nm in diameter was isolated from gladiolus (Gladiolus spp.) plants in Japan. The virus had a moderate host range within eight families. Purified virus preparations contained two large RNA components and one coat protein with mobility similar to Cycas necrotic stunt virus (CNSV) from cycas (Cycas revolute). The virus was serologically closely related to CNSV. Its nucleotide sequence of the coat protein gene had 89% common identity with that of CNSV. These results indicated that the virus isolated from gladiolus is a new strain of CNSV. The nucleotide sequence data reported are available in the DDBJ/EMBL/Gen Bank databases under the accession number AB237656.     

水杨苷异羟肟酸和茉莉酸甲酯对唐菖蒲试管结球的影响

为探讨水杨苷异羟肟酸(SHAM)和茉莉酸甲酯(MJ)对唐菖蒲试管结球的影响,以'Rose Supreme'的籽球为外植体,研究了不同处理球茎内可溶性蛋白、内源MJ、碳水化合物(蔗糖、淀粉和纤维素)含量、脂氧合酶(LOX-1)、抗氧化酶(SOD、CAT、POD和APX)活性和LOX同工酶变化与试管结球之间的关系。结果表明：与对照相比,SHAM处理使结球时间明显推迟,结球率、球茎鲜样质量和直径降低;可溶性蛋白含量、LOX-1活性和MJ含量显著降低,LOX同工酶谱带变弱,并有2条同工酶带逐渐消失;抗氧化酶活性和碳水化合物含量降低。而MJ处理后上述指标均不同程度上调,0.5mmol·L^-1为测试浓度范围内促进唐菖蒲试管结球的最佳浓度。以上试验结果说明SHAM对唐菖蒲试管结球起抑制作用,而MJ有明显的促进作用,可能通过外施MJ提高了LOX活性及内源MJ含量,调动碳水化合物的积累,增加抗氧化酶的活性,从而对球茎的发生和生长进行调控。     

脂氧合酶对唐菖蒲籽球形成和膨大的影响

为探讨脂氧合酶(LOX-1)对唐菖蒲籽球形成和膨大的影响,以'Rose Supreme'和'Advanced Red'两个品种为试材,研究了籽球的生长发育与LOX-1活性,内源茉梨酸甲酯(MJ)、蔗糖、淀粉和纤维素含量变化之间的关系。结果表明,唐菖蒲叶片中测不到LOX-1活性,匍匐茎中LOX-1活性和内源MJ含量最高,籽球数量较多的品种'Rose Supreme'LOX-1活性和MJ含量显著高于'Advanced Red',说明LOX-1在唐菖蒲籽球形成和膨大过程中起着重要作用,其作用途径可能是通过影响茉莉酸类化合物(JAs)的生物合成对籽球的发生和生长进行调控。在唐菖蒲籽球生长发育过程中,新球和籽球中蔗糖、淀粉和纤维素含量都不同程度升高,并且与LOX-1活性呈正相关,说明蔗糖、淀粉和纤维素对唐菖蒲新球和籽球的形成和膨大起着重要作用。     

PCR detection of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. gladioli race 1, causal agent of Gladiolus yellows disease, from infected corms

Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. gladioli (FOG) race 1 infects both large- and small-flowered Gladiolus cultivars. Race 2 isolates infect only small-flowered cultivars but can be present as epiphytes on large-flowered plants. When 160 arbitrary 10-mer oligonucleotide primers were tested on FOG by PCR to find RAPD markers specific for race 1, the RAPD primer G12 amplified two discriminating DNA fragments, AB (609 bp) and EF (1196 bp), in race 1 isolates only. Both fragments were cloned and sequenced. Two pairs of race 1-specific primers for multiplex PCR were designed. Tests of 112 F. oxysporum isolates by PCR showed that, in almost all cases, race 1 isolates of vegetative compatibility group 0340 could be distinguished with these primers. Seven putative race 1 isolates did not react in multiplex PCR; hybridization studies with labelled AB and EF DNA fragments showed that these isolates belong to separate groups. A bioassay was developed to detect corms that were latently infected with FOG race 1. Gladiolus corms were homogenized and incubated for 5 days at 28°C in a semiselective medium to induce growth of Fusarium . Cultivated mycelium was isolated and subjected to the developed multiplex PCR after standard DNA isolation or disruption by microwave treatment.     

异源表达唐菖蒲GhOPR3 提高了拟南芥的抗逆性

 通过RT-PCR 与RACE 技术从唐菖蒲（Gladiolus hybridus）品种‘Rose Supreme’球茎中克 隆茉莉酸生物合成途径中的关键酶——12–氧–植物二烯酸还原酶（12-oxo-phytodienoic acid reductase， OPR）基因的1 489 bp 全长cDNA 序列，quantitative RT-PCR 结果表明，GhOPR3 在唐菖蒲叶、花、根、 匍匐茎、新球茎和籽球中都表达，其中在籽球和匍匐茎中相对表达量较高；0.1 ~ 0.5 mmol · L-1 的茉莉酸 甲酯（Methyl jasmonate，MJ）处理后，提高了GhOPR3 在球茎中的表达量和内源MJ 含量；采用农杆菌 介导侵染拟南芥花粉，进行GhOPR3 基因的过表达分析，过表达拟南芥株系较野生型提高了耐盐性和抗 旱性；提高了机械损伤后相关基因的表达水平和内源MJ 含量。