AFLP分子标记在玉米优良自交系优势群划分中的应用

本文利用AFLP分子标记技术研究了17个玉米优良自交系的遗传多样性, 4个AFLP引物组合分别扩增出30、 30、 44、 41条多态性带, 平均每个引物组合扩出36.25条带, 4个引物组合共扩增出145条带, 每一个引物组合都可将17个自交系完全分开。 利用AFLP数据、 进行聚类分析, 将17个优良自交系聚为6群, 结果表明, 用AFLP标记进     

条锈菌诱导的小麦MBF1转录辅激活因子基因的克隆及其特征分析

应用电子克隆和RT-PCR方法,从小麦叶片中分离出一个条锈菌诱导的编码MBF1基因的cDNA序列,暂被命名为TaMBF1a。TaMBF1a包含一个完整的429 bp的开放阅读框,编码142个氨基酸,具有MBF1保守结构域;小麦TaMBF1a氨基酸序列与水稻OsMBF1相似性达92%,与拟南芥AtMBF1a相似性达80%。TaMBF1a编码的蛋白可能是核蛋白,且该基因在小麦根、茎、叶组织中表达量基本一致。在小麦与条锈菌的亲和、非亲和互作中,TaMBF1a基因均受条锈菌诱导高水平表达,且非亲和组合表达量高于亲和组合。外源植物激素水杨酸、乙烯、脱落酸也可诱导该基因快速上调表达,表明TaMBF1a可能通过水杨酸、乙烯等信号途径参与小麦对条锈菌的防御反应。     

黑曲霉木聚糖酶结构基因和5'调控区基因克隆及其分析

以黑曲霉(Aspergillus niger)A3的基因组DNA为模板,根据已报道的xynB基因序列设计简并引物,在合适的PCR反应条件下有效地扩增出了xynB的结构基因及其5＇调控区序列片段,并克隆到pBS-T载体上,序列测定表明,该目的片段全长1 611 bp.通过序列分析:结构基因部分长744 bp,其中含有一个66 bp的内含子和18个氨基酸的信号肽序列;xynB基因的cDNA序列大小为678 bp,编码225个氨基酸,与GenBank上检索的木聚糖酶基因的核苷酸序列同源性最高达98%,氨基酸序列同源性达99%.在翻译起始点上游92 bp和118 bp处找到转录起始位点和类"TATA"box的核心启动子区特征元件以及"CAAT"box,表明所克隆的调控区序列具有真核生物启动子特点,这为构建木聚糖酶高效表达载体,用于工业育种奠定了基础.     

Relating tradable credits for biodiversity to sustainability criteria in a dynamic landscape

Tradable biodiversity credit systems provide flexible means to resolve conflicts between development and conservation land-use options for habitats occupied by threatened or endangered species. We describe an approach to incorporate the influence of habitat fragmentation into the conservation value of tradable credits. Habitat fragmentation decreases gene flow, increases rates of genetic drift and inbreeding, and increases probabilities of patch extinction. Importantly, tradable credit systems will change the level of fragmentation over time for small and/or declining populations. We apply landscape equivalency analysis (LEA), a generalizable, landscape-scale accounting system that assigns conservation value to habitat patches based on patch contributions to abundance and genetic variance at landscape scales. By evaluating habitat trades using two models that vary the relationship between dispersal behaviors and landscape patterns, we show that LEA provides a novel method for limiting access to habitat at the landscape-scale, recognizing that the appropriate amount of migration needed to supplement patch recruitment and to offset drift and inbreeding will vary as landscape pattern changes over time. We also found that decisions based on probabilities of persistence alone would ignore changes in migration, genetic drift, and patch extinction that result from habitat trades. The general principle of LEA is that habitat patches traded should make at least equivalent contributions to rates of recruitment and migration estimated at a landscape scale. Traditional approaches for assessing the “take” and “jeopardy” standards under the Endangered Species Act based on changes in abundance and probability of persistence may be inadequate to prevent trades that increase fragmentation.     

高等植物果实开裂相关基因的研究进展

以拟南芥为例,概述了高等植物果实形成脱落区的相关基因及下游分离基因,探讨各基因间的互作关系,以期为调控植物果实脱落奠定理论基础,为尽快解决农业实践问题提供指导.     

草莓果实外源基因瞬时表达系统的建立

将东北红豆杉紫杉烷13α-羟基化酶(Taxane13α-hydroxylase,13OH)基因全长cDNA正向插入到pCAMBI-A1304,构建其植物表达载体pCT13OH;将水稻小RNA169d(microRNA169d,miRNA169d)基因前体(precursor)全长DNA正向插入到pCAMBIA1305.1,构建其植物表达载体pCO169d。用电击法把它们导入根癌农杆菌GV3101,获得有关工程菌株。用1mL无菌注射器分别将这2种工程农杆菌悬浮液注射到草莓(Fragaria×ananassa)授粉后1周、2周、3周的果实中,发现授粉后2周果实适宜注射,可用于瞬时表达。对授粉后2周的果实进行不同注射部位、根癌农杆菌不同活化时期和根癌农杆菌悬浮液不同注射量试验,以蒂部注射、根癌农杆菌活化12h和0.5mL悬浮液注射量的效果最好,与结构基因13OH和调节基因miRNA169d相融合的GUS基因都得到表达,瞬时表达成功。     

介绍1个新的短蔓西瓜基因

对在长蔓西瓜材料5-6y中发现的1株短节间突变体的研究显示,其受制于1对隐形基因。这1新的短蔓突变体(系)暂命名为d5-6y,它既不与已知的dw-1和dw-2等位,也无法与dw-3进行测定,建议将这一新的短蔓基因命名为dw-4。     

病原检测基因芯片应用及在水产病害检测的前景

基因芯片技术是近年来迅速发展起来的一项新技术,已成为国内外研究的热点。作为生物芯片技术发展中最完备的一个分支,基因芯片以其高通量、高灵敏性、高特异性的特点,在细菌、病毒、真菌等病原检测和鉴定方面发挥着越来越重要的作用。本文介绍了基因芯片的原理和作为检测手段的优越性,并综述了基因芯片技术在细菌和病毒检测方面的应用,分析了现有水产动物病原检测技术,提出了在现有水产动物病原生物信息学的基础上,研发水产养殖动物病害诊断基因芯片的策略。     

Expression of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase cDNA from rice in E. coli BL21DE3

AIM: To study the expression and its kinetics of rice phenylalanine ammonia-lyase gene encoding into E. coli as the basis of treatment for phenylketouria. METHODS: The phenylalanine ammonia-lyase-1-cDNA(rPAL-1-cDNA) from rice was recombined into E. coli high expression vector pET-28c and transformed into E. coli host strain BL21DE3. Engineering bacteria was then inducted by isopropyl-β-D-thiogalactoside (IPTG) for 1, 3, 5, 7 hours, in order to obtain high level expression. RESULTS: After induction, the expression level of fusion protein was 21.40%, 30.60%, 35.40%, 35.43% respectively. The fusion protein exhibited a band of 78.6 kD on SDS-PAGE analysis, but was not found in controls.The target protein was mainly existed in the form of inclusion body. CONCLUSION:Rice PAL gene expressing E. coli was established by gentic engineering technique.