Development Capacity of the Old -town Renewal Determined by GIS --A Case Study of Old -town Renewal in Nanyang City

Along with the process of urbanization,the old-town renewal has become the top task in the city construction.Directed by quantitative analysis of city's economy,this paper puts forward a new conception and model of development capacity for old city renewal,established land class evaluation system and AHP model to determine the land class and its evaluation factors.Restricted by the old town's eco-environment and social environment,and targeted by its economy,this paper suggests that the upper limit model of the old city's development capacity should be decided by its eco-environment volume and social environment,and the lower limit model should be determined by the market economy,thus the renewal can see the economy,society and environment proceed orderly and harmoniously.Upon the platform of ARCGIS with considering Nanyang old town renewal planning and design,this paper has drawn a digital map for old town renewal development intensity,and explores tentatively the proper development capacity under the platform of GIS.     

Influence of indoor temperature on equivalent thermal resistance of green roof

绿化屋顶在节能设计中以附加当量热阻增大屋顶总热阻值,有效减少由屋顶进入室内的热量,降低室内空气温度。但根据已有的实验研究,绿化屋顶隔热特性与室内气温是耦合关系,随室内气温的变化,绿化屋顶会呈现出不同的隔热特性。用实验测试与数值模拟相结合的方法,分析在不同室内气温下绿化屋顶、参照屋顶与等效保温屋顶内表面温度与热流的变化。结果表明：室内气温会显著改变绿化屋顶的隔热性能,其当量热阻为与室内温度正相关的变量。在被动式建筑中,绿化屋顶更能充分发挥隔热功效,且具有不向室内传热的特性。     

Modelling Biomass Accumulation and Partitioning in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)

Quantitative information regarding biomass accumulation and partitioning in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is limited or inconclusive. The objective of this study was to obtain baseline values for extinction coefficient (K_S), radiation use efficiency (RUE, g MJ^?1) and biomass partitioning coefficients of chickpea crops grown under well‐watered conditions. The stability of these parameters during the crop life cycle and under different environmental and growth conditions, caused by season and sowing date and density, were also evaluated. Two field experiments, each with three sowing dates and four plant densities, were conducted during 2002–2004. Crop leaf area index, light interception and crop biomass were measured between emergence and maturity. A K_S value of 0.5 was obtained. An average RUE of 1 g MJ^?1 was obtained. Plant density had no effect on RUE, but some effects of temperature were detected. There was no effect of solar radiation or vapour pressure deficit on RUE when RUE values were corrected for the effect of temperature. RUE was constant during the whole crop cycle. A biphasic pattern was found for biomass partitioning between leaves and stems before first‐seed stage. At lower levels of total dry matter, 54 % of biomass produced was allocated to leaves, but at higher levels of total dry matter, i.e. under favourable and prolonged conditions for vegetative growth, this portion decreased to 28 %. During the period from first‐pod to first‐seed, 60 % of biomass produced went to stems, 27 % to pods and 13 % to leaves. During the period from first‐seed to maturity, 83 % of biomass was partitioned to pods. It was concluded that using fixed partitioning coefficients after first‐seed are not as effective as they are before this stage. Environmental conditions (temperature and solar radiation) and plant density did not affect partitioning of biomass.     

Computer-Simulated Evaluation of the Hybrid Weakness Gene System as a Means of Preventing Genetic Contamination of Rice Cultivars

Effectivness of the hybrid-weakness caused by a complementary interaction of two dominant genes Hwc₁ and Hwc₂ to suppress the spread of the red-grain gene into ordinary white-grained rice cultivars was investigated using the Monte Carlo computer simulation method. It was shown that the weakness genes, as far as being capable of reducing the fitness of the carrier by 80 percent or more, work quite effectively to suppress the genetic contamination of white-grained cultivars due to inflow of pollen from red-grained cultivars due to inflow of pollen from red-grain gene once the gene has been incorporated in to the population in the form of red-grained progeny produced as a result of the imperfect lethality of the initial hybrid between red-and white-grained cultivars. The weakness genes have little or no effect cultivars. The weakness genes have little or no effect either, when the contamination is initiated by an inflow of seeds or seedlings from ed-grained cultivars in these situations, removal (selection)of red grained plants Is the only countermeasure to exterminate the red-grain gene. The removal of red grained plants need not be intensive if carried out continuously. The spread of the red-grain gene after initial contamination is suppressed if the red-grain gene and weakness genes are linked. The suppressing effect of the linkage, however, is not substantial when the outcrossing rate is around or smaller than 0.01 as can be assumed in most rice cultivars.     

虚拟现实技术在温室中的应用

虚拟现实技术,即通过计算机等,最有效的模拟人在自然环境中视、听、动等行为的高级人机交互技术。这种技术已被广泛应用于工业、农业、军事、医学、建筑、造船、飞机制造和各种飞行训练等。该文概述了虚拟环境技术国内外研究进展,论述了“虚拟温室”研究的意义、研究的方法、应用以及将来的研究方向。     

红壤坡耕地人工模拟降雨条件下植物篱笆水土保持效应及机理研究

结果表明 ,与大豆单作相比 ,黄花菜和百喜草植物篱笆径流量、侵蚀量分别减少了 4 .6 7% ,37.82 % ,植物篱笆处理和大豆单作处理的径流量、侵蚀量与开始形成径流所经历的时间之间呈显著负相关 ,而径流量与侵蚀量之间为显著正相关关系 ,建立了相应的降雨产流、降雨产沙、径流侵蚀回归模型。植物篱笆的水土保持机理表现在 :植物篱笆地上部的缓流和分流作用 ,有效地减弱径流的携沙能力 ,减少了细沟侵蚀 ;地上部分可阻挡土壤大颗粒和过滤土壤小颗粒 ;植物篱笆地下部根系显著改善了耕层土壤的物理性状 ,显著提高了土壤的抗冲性 ;土壤性状显著增强了土壤的入渗能力 ,植物篱笆带在较长的时间内维持较高的土壤入渗量和较大的稳定入渗速率     

强非线性水平混沌振动台

该文研究了一种水平混沌振动台,机构的运动微分方程是强非线性的,数值仿真和实验结果表明,该振动台的动态响应是混沌的,且敏感依赖于初始条件。     

农药在土壤中迁移及其影响因素的初步研究

本文运用非饱和土壤中水分运动和溶质运移基本理论,建立了非饱和土壤中农药运移的数值模拟模型.模型中考虑了农药在土壤中迁移与转化的主要过程:附土壤水分的对流;水动力弥散;土壤吸附及生物化学降解等.模型得到了室内土柱中灭幼脲-Ⅲ号杀虫剂淋溶试验的验证.文中分析了各种因素对该农药存土壤中迁移的影响,并且对两种不同的农药进行了比较.研究表明,在本文所研究的条件下影响农药在土壤中迁移与转化的主要因素是土壤吸附和农药在土壤中的降解.     

作物养分定量化模型原理及方法比较分析

本文比较分析了养分经验模型和动态模拟模型的原理和计算方法。比较典型的经验模型有肥料效应函数方程,目标产量法,以及基于土壤肥力指标的QUEFTS(QUantitative Evaluation of the Fertility of Trop ical Soils)养分模型等。经验模型的特点是简单易行,所需参数少,但模拟精度难免误差较大;动态模拟模型由于考虑到复杂因素对作物养分吸收的影响,以及植物营养的动态过程,更能反映的系统真实行为。然而,由于土壤养分运移和作物养分吸收过程的复杂性,目前除氮外,还很难做到其它养分的动态定量化模拟,这些都还有待于更深入的基础性研究。