初探速冻蔬菜在舰船航海上应用的可行性

本文介绍了速冻蔬菜的概念和优点,综述了速冻蔬菜的应用与研究现状,探讨了速冻蔬菜舰船上贮运的特殊意义,并对舰船上贮运条件进行了分析。认为速冻蔬菜舰船上冷冻库是应用可行的,对速冻蔬菜舰船航海贮运期间的品质变化尚需进行深入的研究。     

麒麟菜即食风味食品杀菌技术研究

通过对麒麟菜多种杀菌工艺进行探讨,比较不同杀菌条件对麒麟莱风味食品外观、口感、质量的影响。结果表明：过氧化氢溶液对麒麟菜杀菌有显著效果,0．3％浓度过氧化氢杀菌10min为其最佳杀菌工艺,经处理的产品杀菌效果符合要求,感官品质令人满意;醋酸对麒麟菜即食食品杀菌结果表明,2．5％浓度醋酸杀菌40min,可以达到理想的效果;紫外线杀菌20min,杀菌效果较明显,相对于产品的感官影响较小。     

中国冬小麦品质改良研究进展

小麦是中国第三大粮食作物,在农业生产和食品工业中占有重要地位。随着中国经济和社会的发展,消费者的生活需求正在发生变化,工业化和城市化使食品工业,特别是传统食品工业化加速发展。与此同时,食品工业对食品原料的专用化和规模化,即品种的质量、规格和数量,提出了更高的要求。如何研究和解决这一矛盾,已成为小麦产业和食品工业可持续发展的新问题。本文以国内发表的论著为基础,整理、分析了小麦品质改良历史、研究进展、存在问题;讨论了小麦产业链和食品加工业的可持续发展对优质小麦的需求;结合农业生产和食品工业的发展趋势提出建议,供小麦育种、生产、收贮、食品加工等部门和研究人员参考。     

农用生物炭研究进展与前景

生物炭以其良好的解剖结构和理化性质,广泛的材料来源和广阔的产业化发展前景,成为当今农业、能源与环境等领域的研究热点。本文综合分析、评述了生物炭在土壤、作物、农田生态系统等领域应用的主要研究进展及其未来保障中国粮食安全的重要意义,从低碳、循环、可持续视角,客观、辩证地探讨了生物炭在农业上的应用价值及其产业化发展前景。生物炭在修复土壤障碍,提升耕地生产性能和作物生产能力,促进农业可持续发展和保障国家粮食安全等方面具有重要现实意义和应用价值,本文结合中国国情,提出了进一步深入研究与开发生物炭产业的方向与建议,旨在为中国生物炭产业的健康发展提供参考。     

食品试验设计与统计分析实验课程的教学改革与实践

实验课程是现代教育的一项重要内容,介绍了《食品试验设计与统计分析》实验课程的特点和教学方法,以期激发学生学习热情．提高教学质量和学生主动学习的积极性。     

Growth of Juvenile Crayfish Procambarus llamasi (Villalobos 1955) Fed Different Farm and Aquaculture Commercial Foods

In this study, a range of commercially available animal and fish feeds were tested in the production of juveniles of the crayfish Procambarus llamasi, an endemic species of the Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico. A randomized block design was implemented to observe the effect of commercial shrimp (Crude Protein, CP = 38%), trout (CP = 43.2%), tilapia (CP = 31.8%), rabbit (CP = 16.1%), turkey (CP = 18%), and pig (CP = 15.2%) diets in a recirculating aquaculture system. Shrimp food showed the best results in terms of growth performance, while lowest growth values (P<0.05) were obtained with farm animal diets. Trout and tilapia diets were intermediate. Pig feed was the most cost-effective at US$ 0.44 per kg of crayfish growth. Where no feeds specifically for crayfish are available, terrestrial animal feeds have the advantage of low price, ready availability in the market, and acceptable performance.     

瘤背石磺人工繁育关键技术的研究

研究了瘤背石磺亲体在不同温度、盐度下受精卵的孵化及不同开口饵料、不同附着基对浮游幼虫的培育和附着效果。结果表明,不同饵料对亲体的成活率无显著影响,各组成活率均超过95%;在(27±1)℃、不换水条件下,5、10、15、20、25、30的各盐度组中,以15、20盐度组的孵化率最高,分别为96.4%、95.8%;在盐度15、不换水条件下,(24±1)(、27±1)、(30±1)、(33±1)℃温度组,受精卵产出后至孵化出膜的时间分别需319、297、2862、78 h;采用自制孵化框漂浮式孵化,孵化率高达98%;不同开口饵料试验结果表明,金藻投喂组幼体成活率最高,为87.5%;不同附着基附着培养试验10 d后,悬浮球填料组的成活率最高,达90%,且个体整齐、生长速度快,而铺泥组为43%,不加附着基组仅38%。     

Utilization of Sake lees as Broiler Feedstuff and its Effects on Growth Performance and Intestinal Immunity

Increasing food loss and waste (FLW) is a global problem, and efforts are being made to use waste food as potential livestock feed material. The amount of self-supplied feed is lower in Japan than in other countries, and the government recommends FLW use for animal feed. Sake (Japanese rice wine) is a traditional alcoholic beverage. During the sake manufacturing process, large amounts of squeezed solids or “lees” (sake lees) are generated. Sake lees are nutritious and functional, but are prone to spoilage. In this study, we investigated whether sake lees should be mixed with animal feed immediately or after drying. To assess the usefulness of sake lees as a poultry feed ingredient and determine the effect of sake lees on intestinal immunity, we performed a feeding trial with three treatments: a raw sake lees (RSL) diet, dried sake lees (DSL) diet, and control diet. Three-week-old broilers were fed these diets (n=8 per group) for two weeks. We then calculated feed efficiency and performed RT-qPCR to assess the effects of diet on intestinal immunity. The growth performance in the RSL diet group was equivalent to that in the control diet group. The DSL diet became difficult for broilers to eat, resulting in decreased growth performance. In the ileum of RSL-diet broilers, the mRNA expression levels of TGF-β1 and avian β-defensin (AvBD)12 were significantly increased compared to those of control diet broilers (p<0.05), and a significant correlation was observed between the two genes (p<0.05). Our results indicated that sake lees should not be dried and should be mixed immediately with feed, and this sake lees when fed to chicken activates the intestinal immunity. However, sake lees have a lower fat content than corn, and it is thus important to combine sake lees with high-energy feed.     

食品添加剂磷酸氢二铵中砷含量的测定

运用原子荧光光谱法对进出口食品添加剂磷酸氢二铵中砷含量进行了测定,通过线性范围、检出限、精密度、回收率和实验室间比对测试,证明了原子荧光光谱法能快速、准确地检测出进出口食品添加剂中砷的含量。该方法线性关系良好,检出限低,准确度高,重复性和再现性好,可广泛用于进出口食品添加剂中砷含量的检测。     

绿色食品企业内检员队伍建设现状及对策研究

绿色食品企业内检员是绿色食品企业产品质量的第一把关人,是企业生产管理的监督员;建设一支业务精、能力强、素质高的内检员队伍,对于促进绿色食品事业持续健康发展具有重要意义。文章在对全国绿色食品企业内检员队伍建设情况进行问卷调查和实地调研的基础上,分析评价了绿色食品企业内检员队伍建设成效,研究探讨了绿色食品企业内检员队伍建设存在的主要问题,并从把好内检员职能定位、完善内检员注册管理、加强内检员培训教育、健全内检员奖惩机制、理顺内检员管理服务体制等5个方面提出了加强绿色食品企业内检员队伍建设建议与对策。